ROOM UZAMBAR VIOLETS (SENPOLIA) - CARE.

If you like to grow veto , and they have accumulated a lot of you, and you do not know how to place them in your small apartment, then this article is for you.
As a rule, house flowers are placed in a city apartment on a windowsill.

But for violets this is just the least suitable place. In the summer they have to be protected from overheating: direct sunlight, falling on the leaves, cause burns. And in winter, and even worse: the cold penetrating through the window, hot dry air rising from the batteries, is very unfavorable, and sometimes disastrously affects the delicate plants.

Of course, violets can be helped: to insulate window frames to protect plants from the cold, put flower pots on wooden grates, close the radiators with some kind of device so that the violets do not blow hot dry air, put water or wet sand plates between the pots, to increase air humidity, provided that the temperature in the room is not lower than 18 ° С and not higher than 23 ° С.

However much we try to improve the environment for violets on the windowsill, no matter what tricks one resorts to, flowers under such conditions will not achieve the highest decorativeness.

But all these problems are easily solved.

It is known that violets grow well under electric illumination. For this, fluorescent fluorescent lamps are needed. Ordinary incandescent bulbs for this purpose are not suitable, because they emit a lot of heat, and this is harmful to delicate tropical plants.

Senpolia grow well under artificial lighting, so they can be grown in any vacant place in your apartment (even if it's a completely dark hallway or part of the room away from the window), except for places near the radiator and draft.

It is most convenient to place the senpolis on shelves or racks, you can also use an old bookcase or sideboard, fixing a fluorescent lamp above each shelf. It is important that the distance from the lamp to the plants is at least 20 cm, that is, the shelves should be 55-60 cm apart. The number of lamps depends on the depth of the shelves and the number of plants on them.

Saintpolis need to be arranged so that the edges of the leaves of adjacent bushes do not touch each other. With one lamp with two lamps, the maximum shelf depth is 50 cm.

To grow more violets, make shelves wider, but you should regularly turn the bushes different sides to the light.

The edges of the lamps (about 5 cm) glow weaker, so plants with dark green leaves on top and purple bottom should be placed closer to the center of the shelf, where there is more light, since they need more light than plants with light leaves.

And one more condition needs to be mentioned. If you use the method of wick watering, then when calculating the distance between the shelves, you need to take into account the height of the tank with water. For those gardeners who use fluorescent lamps when growing violets, I want to note that daylight hours for violets are desirable 12-14 hours a day.

The importance of light for the cultivation of African beauties can not be overestimated. With good lighting, violets grow almost twice as fast and blossom even in winter, while on the windowsill these plants have a rest period in winter. But the flower grower should remember that excess light too badly affects the violets.

It is known that in the dark, that is, at night, the hormones are actively active in the city, which is responsible for the formation of buds. In the light it is destroyed, and young plants are formed ugly pressed to the ground rosettes.

The violet night lasts at least 6-7 hours and at the same time they should be lit evenly. To do this, the lamps should be fixed on the ceiling of the cabinet, the width of which is at least 130 cm. It is better to take lamps of different glows of the LBC and LDC, based on the assumption that at least 19 watts should be accounted for 2 mg. Fluorescent lamps, or fluorescent, shine well for six months.

When the lamps begin to weaken, they need to be replaced with new ones, and the old weakly luminous ones can be adapted to illuminate leaf cuttings and young non-flowering plants. Adult flowering plants need bright light. It's good to equip such a cabinet with violets with glass doors or curtains made of transparent polyethylene film.

If necessary, you can increase the humidity in the cabinet by closing the doors or pulling the curtains. This way you can also protect plants from pets. In such conditions and with proper care your violets will grow well, achieve the highest decorative qualities, they will not be afraid of the winter cold, or the bright rays of the summer sun.
Growing violets with artificial lighting, you need to remember that the light should illuminate each leaf of plants. If one leaves more light falls, others less, then the flowers need to be changed from time to time.

With a properly organized regime of artificial lighting, your violets will grow rapidly and bloom profusely. True, it must be borne in mind that there are varieties of hybrid violets of long daylight - 14 hours a day, plants of short daylight - 10 hours and neutral plants.

But the growth and good flowering of neutral plants does not depend on the length of the light day, but on the conditions of the environment, agricultural technology.

So only love of plants and a careful study of the characteristics of the variety, its characteristics and their accounting for growing senpolias lead you to success.

From the Encyclopedia of Potted Flowers - A Short Review

Houseplant, which can bloom all year, belongs to the family of Gesneria. Homeland the violet of violets, or the violet of the violet, - moist tropical forests of East Africa. Depending on the variety, it has simple or double velvet flowers of a wide variety of colors.

Form of growth

A characteristic feature of the plant is fleshy ovoid pubescent leaves, collected in rosettes. The violet grows up to 15-20 cm.

Landing conditions

Ideal is a bright place with no direct sunlight. The optimum temperature is about 22 degrees throughout the year (it should not be below 15 degrees).

Care of the Zambrian Violet, Saintpaulia

Pour violet warm water, the substrate should be constantly evenly moisturized. It is not advisable that moisture gets on the leaves, so it's best to water the plant in a pallet. In the flowering period, feed the violet every two to three weeks.

Reproduction of violets

The easiest way is with leafy cuttings. For rooting, use a peat-sand mixture. When the children form on the handle, put them in a separate pot.

The vampire violet looks great on the windowsill.

Tip:

Withered leaves and flowers pull out of the outlet with a sharp movement.

UZAMBAR VIOLETS FOR BEGINNERS - VIDEO

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Some violet flowers do not stop for nine months, others wither without explanation. What do they need? Only: diligence, patience and observation.

My violet has not bloomed for several years. The reason turned out to be commonplace: the plant formed too many rosettes. I calculated - in one pot more than 13. formed a whole bunch of leaves. They crowded each other and prevented flowering. Here is the answer. When I removed the extra outlets, then everything worked out. Ideally: one pot - one outlet.

Some advise picking leaves so that the violet blooms better, but this will not solve the problem, and then the leaves are also very beautiful. But to clean them of dust (just do not wash!) And plant them in time - this is absolutely necessary!

World

Blooming violets depends on lighting. If it is artificial, then the plant can bloom without interruption. And if it’s natural, then from spring to autumn, that is, all winter. My violets grow on the eastern windows, and they feel good. There is a lot of light and the morning sun. In the summer there is no overheating. But the flower should be protected from drafts on any window. On the southern windows, the flowers fade and fade, and on the northern windows there is little light in winter, which means that there will be no flowering. Or you have to highlight. There is a good way to determine if a violet of light is enough or not. If enough, then its leaves are located almost horizontally, and young petioles are upward at a slight angle. If they are too open and pressed to the edges of the pot, then there is too much light. And if the funnel is raised up, then the violet is dark.

Water

Watering is the second important care article for flowering. Everyone knows that violet does not like to be poured. Therefore, watering is not scheduled, but as soon as the top layer dries. In winter it comes out about twice a week, in summer - more often. If you fill the violet, it can be seen right away: the leaves will wither and the flower will die in a few days.

I pour a soft, slightly warmed water. Lew under the rosette, so that the leaves do not get a drop.

soil

If compared with other room colors, then violet in this respect is very undemanding. I go by an easy way and buy a special primer for senpolia.

Dictate

Senpolia is rapidly aging, so every three or four years I grow a new plant from a leaf cut. It's a pity to throw out, but the old plant is sitting askew, and looks sloppy, and it does not bloom. That's why many people complain: the violet has been flowering so well for two years, and then stopped. Yes, because the resource is over! And in order not to wait until the leaf turns into a full-fledged plant, I cut off not one leaf, but a whole rosette with the upper part of the stem and root it.

© Author: I.G. SOLONINA, Hill

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SENPOLIA - WINTER CARE

Many plants in the people live "under a strange name."

So, for example, we call the pelargonium geraniums, chubushniki - jasmines, and our today's heroine is most often called just violet. The real name of this beauty is Saintpaulia (Saintpaulia). It was given in honor of its discoverers Walter and Ulrich Von St. Paul. At the end of the XIX century, they were the first to discover a future celebrity in East Africa and brought to Europe.

Hybrid Senpolia

Natural species of Saintpaulia (there are more than 20 of them) are practically never found among ordinary amateurs. They are grown mainly in botanical gardens and advanced collections. Numerous varieties of these plants have become truly famous and popularly loved. Hybrid senpolia can be found in almost every flower shop. And if you want something special - you can look at the exhibition or contact one of the clubs of lovers of Uzambara violets and buy a real masterpiece.

Senpolia for every taste

Among the many hundreds of varieties of Uzambara violets, you can choose plants of the most diverse appearance and color. Among the senpolis there are giants and midgets. Miniature varieties with tiny touching "forest" flowers are grown in pots the size of a beaker. In large varieties, the diameter of the leaf rosette can reach 40 cm.

There are ampelous senpolis for hanging baskets. Many senpolias have beautiful leaves - with wavy or corrugated edges, completely green or with interesting variability. Saintpaulia flowers are a real work of art. You will not find such a variety of shades and shapes in other indoor flowers - that is why violets are the most popular object of flower collection.

OUR REFERENCE

Saintpaulia belongs to the Gesneriaceae family and has been one of the most beloved and popular indoor flowers for many years. Its second name is Uzambara violet. It is associated with the motherland of the flower - the Tanzanian Uzambar mountains.

Care for senpopolis in winter

Of course, in order to grow such beauty, I'll have to try. Senpolius is not one of those indoor flowers that you can forget about for a while. These are real tropical sissies, connoisseurs of comfort and permanence.

Particular attention to these plants is required in winter. In the homeland of the Zambrian violets, there are no cold weather, sharp temperature changes, long dark months, when the night is longer than the day, and the sun does not shine during the day. All this must be taken into account when growing senpolias on the windowsill.

Saintpoly is sensitive in the scorching early spring and summer suns, but in winter even on the southern windows they do not need shading. The light intensity at this time is too weak to leave burns on the leaves. Not only that - if you want your violets to bloom in winter as magnificent as in the warm season - you will have to take care of the illumination of plants with lamps in advance. With proper care, the senpolia can bloom up to 10 months a year!

In winter, the senpolis are watered especially carefully - both the bay and the drying out of the earthen coma are equally dangerous for them. For irrigation use warm, settled water - brown spots may appear on the leaves from cold water. It is better to water from the pallet. Not absorbed liquid must be drained.

No cold!

It is very important in winter to observe the temperature regime and prevent overcooling of the earth coma. The optimum temperature for growing Saintpaulia is in the range from 20 to 25 ° C. When lowering the thermometer to + 16 ° C, these plants can become sick and even die. And most often, such insulting losses occur precisely in the winter - it seems to us that the room is warm, and icy air from the street blows into the window slots.

It is best, of course, to check the temperature on the windowsill, and on especially frosty days, in principle, rearrange the plants to a safer place. If a moment is missed, care errors can be seen from a distance. In the cold, the leaves of the senpolia turn pale, their edges bend inward, and the petioles are extended, the plants cease to bloom - and this is the most successful outcome.

Caring for the injured

A good solution is simply to rearrange the “victims” in a warmer, brighter, draft-protected place. It is much worse when in the cold the plant is infected with dangerous infections. The most common picture is flabby leaves hanging around the edges of the pot. The soil is moist and the plant looks wilted. Such a plant will have to be thrown out - rot of the root neck, caused by temperature changes and improper watering, is practically untreatable.

Often due to high humidity in combination with a low temperature, the senpolia is covered with fluffy mold or white bloom - this gray mold and powdery mildew. Affected plants should be immediately isolated from healthy and fungicide according to instructions. If the condition is not very neglected, such a violet can be cured.

Humidity of air for cities

Hot dry air, coming from central heating batteries is another harsh winter enemy of uzambar violets. He calls drying of the tips of leaves, and plants weakened by improper maintenance often become prey of pests - whiteflies, aphids, mealybug and cyclamen mites.

To increase the humidity around such capricious colors is necessary with the mind.

After normal spraying, the leaves of senpolia can remain wet for too long, which creates favorable conditions for the development of bacterial infections. In addition, drops of water leave ugly spots on the flower petals of these plants.

It is better to use "non-contact" methods - placing plants in groups, trays with wet expanded clay, humidifiers.

Transplantation of the city

In late February - early March, you can do the transplantation of senpolis. These plants are transplanted annually. Their root system is small, the pots must fit in size - in too large a capacity they bloom poorly, the soil dries out for a long time, sour, the risk of root rot increases.

It is better to use plastic pots for planting senpolias - the soil does not dry out so quickly in them, plus they are less susceptible to hypothermia in the winter. Soil for senpolia should be very loose and nutritious, with a slightly acid reaction. It is better to add a little perlite and chopped sphagnum to it.

Senpolia roots are often affected by nematodes - tiny soil parasites, which are easy to bring along with "street" soil - when planting, give preference to ready-made store substrates. The diseased plant dies quickly, it can only be saved by cuttings.

Buy a new copy of the city of Senpia

If you decide to buy Saintpaulias in winter, pack the plant well and try to get it home as soon as possible. In severe frost, it is better to refuse to buy - even a senpolia wrapped in several layers of paper can freeze very much on the way from the store to the car. Indoors, do not remove the packaging immediately - let the plant stand for an hour or two.

Actively growing and flowering plants need additional nutrition - once in watering, you need to add fertilizers for flowering plants.

© Author: E. Limnochenko

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UZAMBAR VIOLET - THE LEADER OF POPULARITY

The Uzambara violet is one of the most popular indoor plants. To date, a huge number of various varieties of Saintpaulia, both domestic and foreign selection, have been bred, for any, even the most demanding taste. I want to say that modern varieties of violets amaze the imagination with the beauty and variety of their shapes, colors, sizes of inflorescences. Flowers with corrugated, fringed petals, as well as with various strokes, stripes, with unique "patterns" and fancy colors, look especially decorative and look very beautiful.

The most important thing for the successful cultivation of Saintpaulias is to create optimal lighting conditions and temperature conditions for them. Indeed, under favorable conditions and proper care, the violet is able to give us bloom almost all year round.

LIGHTING OF SENPOLIA

One of the main conditions for the normal development of Saintpaulias is proper lighting. Violets love soft, diffused light for about 11-14 hours a day. The reason for the lack of their flowering in winter may be just a lack of light.

But direct sunlight is categorically contraindicated for the plant, as it can cause burns to the leaves. I try to place violets on the northeastern and north-western windows (I shade the plants on the southern, eastern windowsills in spring and summer). But keep in mind that saintpaulias with darker leaves require more light, while varieties with light greens are not so demanding on lighting, rather, on the contrary, they need light shading.

I plant Saintpaulia in small pots (about 7-10 cm in diameter), I make sure to make drainage holes in them. Too large containers are not suitable, since the soil will quickly acidify there, and the plant will begin to bloom poorly (to the detriment of flowering, it will increase the green mass). Remember: the main rule when choosing pots for violets is that the diameter of the rosette should be three times the diameter of the pot.

As a soil for adult plants, I use a mixture of leafy earth (2 parts), high peat (1 part), perlite (1 part, as a baking powder). The earthen mixture must be disinfected (as an option, steam it in the oven or spill it with the biofungicide Fitosporin M).

Note

The pledge of abundant flowering of Saintpaulia is a favorable temperature regime. Plants do not like too warm rooms. The optimal range is -19-23 degrees. At temperatures above 28 degrees, violets may stop growing.

Soil for Saintpaulias should be loose, nutritious, water and breathable. The acidity level is preferably slightly acidic or neutral (pH = 6,5). It is necessary to avoid acidification of the soil (interesting varieties of violets of two-color and fantasy colors can acquire a monochromatic color or become darker in conditions of high acidity).

IRRIGATION OF UZAMBAR VILLAGES

I water the saintpaulias with soft, settled water at room temperature. Moreover, I watering mainly in the pallet. In order not to rot the roots of the plant, the water should not stagnate there (it is advisable to drain it half an hour after watering).

REPRODUCTION OF SENPOLIA

Saintpaulias reproduce well with leafy cuttings. To do this, I take the leaves from the second row from the bottom. There are two ways to root them.

In the first case, the cutting is placed in water (you can use a dark glass jar, since the formation of roots occurs faster with shading). It must be lowered by no more than 1,5 cm. Place the container in a warm, bright place, but so that direct sunlight does not fall on the plant. We plant it in the ground when the roots of the Saintpaulia reach a length of 0,5-1 cm.

In the second method, the cutting is immediately planted in the ground. To do this, I use small plastic cups, in the bottom of which I make a hole. The main thing is that the soil is low-nutrient and rather loose (therefore, you need to add perlite - about 1%). I place the containers in a micro-greenhouse. Babies should appear within 50-1,5 months.

Rooting a leaf cuttings immediately in the ground has its advantages: the plant will be exposed to less stress, since the roots will not suffer during further transplantation.

VARIETIES OF UZAMBAR VILLAGES-SENPOLY

I want to give a brief description of my favorite saintpaulia varieties.

The names contain the initials of the breeder authors.

Blue Mist - Saintpaulia with beautiful, airy, like whipped cream, large double flowers of light blue colors with a white border and corrugated edges of the petals. Very lush and long-lasting flowering.

PC-Charleston - a very interesting variety with bright pink double and half-double wavy flowers with a blue speck. It looks fantastically, very unusual. Flowers on a plant last for a very long time.

The bride's bouquet - really resembles a wedding bouquet. Amazingly beautiful, large, densely double, snow-white flowers, like foam, cover the plant. Saintpaulia blooms very profusely. It looks festive and can be a good gift for an unmarried girl.

AB-Mother's Heart - a variety that will not leave anyone indifferent! The beauty of this Saintpaulia is impressive and inspiring! Violet purple-burgundy or even wine, very rich, deep color with double, corrugated along the edge of the flowers with a white border.

EK-Sineglazy - The flower king of this variety amazes me with the beauty of its lush, double flowers of an interesting blue-cornflower blue color with fancy veins and white tips of the petals. A workaholic variety, it will bloom almost continuously!

EK-Love - flowers are wavy, large, double, ruby-pink in color, with a wide white border along the edge of the petal.

PT-Tsarist Award - a variety with semi-double large flowers of pale pink color and a thin corrugated pink-lilac edging.

AV-Vitriol - a very unusual, fantastic variety of violets with green flowers and a light green-purple eye.

SM-Marlezon Ballet - a variety with large, densely double pastel pink flowers with a dark pink border.

EK-Baked Milk - a variety with large double flowers of the most delicate creamy pink color with a white border.

© Author: Yulia Sergeevna KUPINA, Belgorod region, Leninsky

VIOLETS. CARE, TRANSPLANTING, CROSSING - VIDEO

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