How to grow onions in the country - about planting, growing and varieties of onions.

It seems that it could be easier than growing onions in the plot? But in order to get a good harvest, which will allow you to live a comfortable winter without fear of a shortage of this plant with wonderful useful properties - you still have to sweat over its plantings in the country.

Onion - can be grown in 3 ways - from seeds, from seedling and from seedlings.

In the autumn digging of soil under the onion make the overorganized organic matter, since fresh manure worsens the bulking of bulbs. It is also good to add ash or other fertilizers rich in potassium to the soil. In addition, when planting a seedling and when sowing seeds, phosphorus fertilizers should be introduced, which contribute to the development of the root system. Proponents of organic farming can replace them with liquid organic or organomineral fertilizers (Vermisol, Vermistim, Ideal, Furor), which are paid 1-2 times a month.

BEEF OF SEEDS

Onion seeds are small and saturated with essential oil, which gives the onion taste and smell, but does not allow the seeds to quickly absorb moisture, extending the emergence time to 4 weeks. When spring sowing, grow a large onion sowing year is rare. Small or medium bulbs usually grow. For onions, early sowing times are recommended. The size of the bulbs depends on them and on timely watering, thinning and top dressing. In most cases, a seeder is obtained from the seeds, which, after collection, is sorted for planting next year. Small bulbs with a diameter of up to 0.6 cm are selected. Medium - from 0.5 cm to 1.5 cm. Large ones - from 1,5 cm to XNUMX cm. After the appearance of the first tubular leaves, onions need careful care, since weeds can

drown out weak bastards. Usually it takes a long time to squat and carefully remove all weeds. Onions from seeds grow slowly, and only in the second half of summer bulbs begin to thicken. In this case, there are early hybrids of onions which, with intensive agrotechnics and prolonged vegetation, allow obtaining large bulbs within one year. For this, early shoots sown along the permafrost soil can be covered with foil or agrofiber or grow onions with seedlings.

In the latter case, the seeds are sown in cassettes with a depth of at least 7.5 cm, and after emergence, the largest and most powerful seedlings are taken, which are planted at a distance of 10 cm in the row.

There are also winter varieties of onions, for example. "Ibis", which are planted in autumn - in September-October - and allow harvest of large bulbs in July.

VEGETABLE SEEDS

Seedling can also be planted as soon as snow falls, under agrovolokno. It grows well at moderate temperatures in April and May, until the summer heat comes. Plant it usually on the fractions, exposing the distance in a row, depending on the size of the bulbs. Seedling of large faction can shoot arrows and blossom. In such cases, you need to break off the arrows, and if the moment is missed, and the bulb is blooming, it should be torn out and used for food.

DISEASES AND PESTS OF REPEATED ONION

Some damage to the plantations can be caused by the onion fly, from which truck farmers are protected by joint plantings of onions and carrots. The characteristic smell of carrots scares the onion fly, and the sharp smell of onion is unpleasant for another pest - a carrot fly. Another way to protect against flies is to use a sticky tape or yellow sticky baits that hang next to the bed.

Another common pest of onions is the onion nematode, which lives in the upper layer of the soil. Protect against it can be using modern varieties resistant to pests. Detect the pest at the stage of landing of the infected seedling by the presence of small white arcuate curvatures near the bottom of the bulb. Such a seedling should be lowered to 5-10 minutes into water with a temperature of + 45-50 ° C. However, many summer residents do not pay attention to the onion nematode, since its influence on yield reduction is small.

Onion bulbs both planted in the soil, and stored for storage, may be prone to damage by rot. Dangerous fusariosis of bulbs or pink rot of roots, which can affect the seedbed stored for storage. This seedling should be discarded. If excessive moisturizing and rainy weather, a wet rot of roots may begin. Its characteristic feature is that the bulb pulled out from the ground will be unnaturally wet. This will help reduce irrigation and planting with biopreparations "Gaupsin."

HAND COLLECTION AND STORAGE

Onion harvesting is carried out in August-September, when its leaves turn yellow for 3 \ 4 length. After gathering the onions are dried for several hours in the scattered sun and bound into braids. Over time, the nutrients from the leaves will completely pass into the bulb.

When storage of seeding, especially seeding of a large fraction, storage temperature is of great importance. Bulbs that fall on 3 weeks in the temperature range + 2-19 ° C will be prone to archery. It is necessary to ensure storage of the seed plot at temperatures below + 2 ° C or above + 19 ° C. A combined cold-warm storage method is also possible.

CHOICE OF LUKE VARIETIES

Varieties and hybrids of onions differ in taste. Sharp onion is good for keeping quality, small size and low yield. Sweet has large sizes, high yield and poor keeping quality. The most popular are semi-sharp varieties of onion, which have the optimal taste, yield and yield.

HUNTING OF LION SEEDS

The greatest yields will be provided by the seeding of a large fraction, the diameter of which is 2-3 cm. The bulbs of larger diameter increase the risk of flowering.

Bulbs are individually planted in straight grooves with a depth of 3-4 cm, maintaining a distance of 8-12 cm between individual plants.

After planting, the furrow is gently pricked with soil, and in case of super early planting and frosting, it is covered with agrofiber.

After some time, the onions will let green leaves arrows, and the bulb itself with full nutrition will intensively grow until the heat comes.

Variety of onions

Consider the most popular varieties of onions for landing at the dacha:

Golden

Mid-season spicy variety - Bulb is round, oval, golden in color with a pinkish tinge, weight 50-150 g.

Veselka

Mid-season peninsular variety - Bulb rounded or oval round, weight 100-150 g, up to 300 g, purple-red.

Orizaba F1

Mid-season peninsular hybrid - Bulb is large, round, of an excellent snow-white color.

Kharkov 82

Mid-season spicy variety - Bulb is round or round-oval, weight 60-70 g, light brown.

Wolski

Mid-season peninsular variety - Bulb spherical or elongated spherical, large, weight 90-160 g, dark yellow.

Violetta

Mid-season spicy variety - Onion is not divided into small onions, large, round, weight 100 g, pink.

Skvirsky

Mid-late peninsular variety - Bulb is flat-round, large, weight 150-200 g, bronze yellow.

Strigunovsky Nosovsky

Mid-late peninsular variety - Bulb rounded or flat-round, light brown or dark yellow, weight 70-90 g.

Dove

Mid-season spicy variety - Bulb is dense, juicy, round or rounded flat, red, weight 85-95 g.

Mavka

Mid-season peninsular variety - Bulb is dense, rounded flat, weight 75-100 g, purple-red color.

Stuttgart Riesen

Mid-late spicy variety - Onion round, powerful, large, bronze-yellow color, weight up to 700-800 g.

Recipes of dishes from onions

Stuffed onions

You will need

• 4 pcs. onions of Crimean
• 1 pcs. onions
• 1 pcs. carrots fresh
• 0,2 kg pearl barley
• 5-6 pcs. shiitake mushrooms, dry
• 75 g of vegetable oil
• 0,5 g basil dry
• 2-3 g of bouillon cube
• 75 mL of creamy cream
• salt, black pepper

At the Crimean onion, cut off the upper part and use the knife to remove the middle.

Pearl barley pre-boil in salted water. Shiitake mushrooms soak for 10-15 min. and also boil.

Onions and carrots peeled, cut into small cubes.

Spasseirovat on vegetable oil 3-5 min., Then add the boiled pearl croup and mushrooms shiitake, diced.

Mix everything, season with a bouillon cube, pepper black ground and dry basil, add cream.

With the mixture, prepare the prepared Crimean onion.

Close on top of the cut portion of onions and bake in the oven at + 150-170 ° C for 20 min.

Onion Soup Recipe

You will need

• 1L of light chicken broth
• 600-700 g onion
• 1-2 tablespoons flour
• 150 g butter
• 150 g of cheese
• 2 Std. white dry wine
• 4 white toast from baguette

Peel onion, finely and gently cut.

Melt the butter on a small fire in a deep frying pan or in a sauté pan.

Add the onions and fry until the onion is soft and golden. At the end, add wine (this is not necessary, but it will be more delicious) and let it evaporate for 2 minutes. Onion should never be burned.

Add the flour and mix thoroughly, then pour the chicken broth, add salt and spices to taste and allow to boil for 10 more minutes.

Spoon the soup on deep plates or pots, top with croutons and sprinkle with grated cheese.

Put in a preheated oven and bake until the cheese has browned and bubbles.

Crispy onion rings

You will need:

• 3 large onions
• salt and pepper
• 1 glass of wheat flour
• vegetable oil
• Peel onion and cut into slices.
• Disassemble the circles on the rings.
• Mix flour with pepper and salt

Heat the vegetable oil in a frying pan. There must be a lot of it, so that the rings are completely immersed in it.

Roll each ring in flour and put in a frying pan. Fry from two sides until golden brown.

After frying put the rings on a thick paper napkin and let drain off the oil.

On a note:

Onion seeds and storage conditions

Onion before the storage should be well dried in the sun (under the film canopy).

Prepared in this way the seedling is scattered thin (20-30 cm) layer in the attic (near the chimney), and with the onset of frost cover with sacking.

The optimum storage temperature is -1-3 ° C. Frozen bulbs can not be touched. As soon as they thaw out, and the temperature in the attic rises to + 5 ° C, the seedling is transferred to a warm room.
In urban conditions, the seedling can be stored in the apartment, remembering, however, that it germinates at a temperature of + 5-15 ° C.

So it costs her a few days to lie at a temperature as she throws the arrows, and you will not have good planting material.

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