Garden on the trellis with your own hands

Tapestries in the garden are used to block the plot, close some sections of the cottage from neighbors, and of course just simply to decorate our dacha.

Read more about how to make a trellis here:  Tapestry in the country with their own hands. Drawings and the progress of work on its manufacture.

Branches of woody plants rarely grow as we would like. Therefore, resourceful gardeners in the XVII century, having shown sharpness, began to tie branches of fruit trees to the frame of the slats, giving plants a form of trellis. The advantages were obvious - the pears grew only in breadth, and not upward, and the harvest was convenient to harvest. The technology of growing plants on a trellis, used primarily exclusively for fruit trees, soon began to be used for ornamental plants, such as roses.

Trees, crowns of which are formed in the form of a cube, do not belong to trellis crops, since they are mainly grown without a frame. But visually they are similar to their trellis congeners and also fell in love with horticulturists and owners of dachas from time immemorial. They still serve as a living fence protecting houses from cold winds, especially in coastal areas.

Not only in traditional but also in modern gardens, trellis trees or plants formed in the form of a cube look simply superb. Thanks to their clear and concise forms, they are ideal for decorating the garden in a strict, regular style. Their symmetry produces a much stronger impression than, for example, a hedge trimmed hedge. In addition, trellis cultures perfectly cope with the role of garden delimiters or fences to protect themselves from extraneous views. It should be mentioned that woody plants with a skilfully shaped crown look wonderful in the company with trimmed low hedges from boxwood or yew.

A significant advantage of tapestries is that they do not take up much space. The area for planting is easy to calculate. For a hornbeam on a trellis, for example, you need a section with a width of only half a meter. This compactness opens up new design possibilities, especially for small gardens. Another plus of plants on the trellis is that they can be landscaped by the walls of the house or farm buildings.

Along with the linden and hornbeam on the trellis, it is also good to grow other trees: liquidambar, Acer campestre, beech (Fagus), oak (Quercus palustris) and apple (Malus). As for plane trees, green roofs often form from them, placing the lower branches on the horizontal trellis. Their dense green foliage protects well from the sun and gives the place of rest a southern flavor. A silkworm (Morus) and a bean (Laburnum) can also be formed on a trellis in the form of a canopy.

Fruit trees on the trellis are best planted near the walls, because they have the ability to store solar heat - especially on the south side of the building. This has a beneficial effect on the heat-loving plant species - pears, peaches and grapes. Here their fruits will ripen faster and will become especially fragrant and tasty. Apple trees and berry bushes, on the contrary, grow better near the wall on the west side of the house, where there is less sunlight. But the rows of low trellis trees are ideally suited for fringing orchards and orchards.

Those who want to grow trellis themselves will have to be patient: the branches need to be tied up and cut regularly for many years. Therefore, trees ready for planting on trellises are much more expensive than ordinary hedges: they are invested much time and labor. Not so simple and caring for them, but the efforts spent are worthwhile: over the years, trellis plants become only more beautiful and expressive.

Correct pruning of a tree on a trellis

In the first year, the contours of the tree on the trellis can be formed by a brush cutter in autumn. And in order to maintain this form further, in the early spring, during 2-3 years, it is necessary to take in the hands of a secateur: shorten all old branches that go beyond the intended contour, leaving short, widthwise palm, hemp (small figure). Since they quickly appear numerous overgrown twigs, the plant will quickly become thick and forms a dense "wall" to protect from prying eyes. When all branches that go outside the contour are deleted, you will get the planned geometric shape, the bush will not thicken. At the end of June or at the end of the summer, you can again prune.

Apple trees and pears on trellises

Apple trees and pears on slightly grown stock are excellent for growing on a small trellis near the wall of the house. The frame of the product can be made of wood or metal, stretched wire is also suitable. Form trees on the trellis should be phased. Every year before the emergence of new shoots, the strongest branches of trees are bent to the horizontal position and tied to the trellis, and unwanted branching is removed. Pears re-cut in summer: vertical shoots are shortened, leaving a stump with 3-4 leaves.

Garden on the trellises photo:

1-2. The crumbs on the trellis frame the rest area. They do not take up much space and perfectly share space. This tree after a thorough trimming gives a lot of new shoots, so try not to overdo it.
Crown pears are shaped like a fan and planted near the wall of the house. Here, its fruits ripen faster due to the fact that the wall retains heat.

3. Symmetry in gold tones: yellow-colored maple foliage in sunlight looks particularly bright.

Decorative cultivation of trees on a trellis - photo

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Flat apple on a trellis

Usually trellises serve as a support for vines or plants with long soft stems: grapes, clematis, climbing roses, cucumbers, beans, peas. It looks even more amazing on trellises ... fruit trees!

DOUBLE TREE

In traditional horticulture, the shaping pruning only corrects the natural shape of the crown. The size of the branches, their number, subordination and other parameters are regulated. As a result, the crown becomes more compact, strong, well illuminated by the sun and ventilated, but the tree retains a rounded or pyramidal shape, continuing to grow in all directions.

But the trees, grown on trellises, are almost flat. They can grow, "spread out" along a wall or a fence, or form a semblance of a fence of several trees that touch the branches and are attached to the supports. In any case, special cutting and shaping of the tree allows to grow only upwards and along the line set by the grower to the sides.

There are a lot of options for trellising. The most common of them: different versions of cordons, fans, palmettes, candelabra. To create such unusual forms over plants, from the moment of planting and throughout life, various manipulations are performed: some branches are removed, others are pulled back to the desired position, the number of branches of 2 and 3 orders overgrown with branches is normalized, . In many respects this is similar to the art of bonsai. As a result, absolutely fantastic designs arise from living, fruit-bearing trees.

NOT ONLY FOR BEAUTY

Creating trellises from fruit trees is a laborious, long task that requires special knowledge. Nevertheless, not only beauty and exotic lovers are engaged in this, but also agricultural enterprises that produce fruits. What, in addition to exceptional beauty, are the advantages of the trellis method of growing gardens?

Tapestry gardens are an indispensable option for owners of small plots who want to grow many fruit trees of different varieties. Ordinary tall trees occupy a large area, it is difficult to harvest from them. And not always fruits, especially summer ones that are not subject to storage, are needed in huge quantities. The trellis garden gives you the opportunity to plant a lot of trees in a small space, each provide good conditions. Most often, the trellis is formed along the north-south line so that the plants receive maximum sun in the morning and evening hours and do not overheat at noon.

Wall-mounted trellis allows not only to turn the wall of a house or fence into a work of art, but also to provide heat-loving plants with additional shelter. The solar wall can successfully grow those crops for which the climate of this region is too harsh. If necessary, a compact trellis is easy to hide for the winter.

Farmers form low trellis gardens for the convenience of care for planting. In addition, the constant formative pruning leads to the fact that the trees bear fruit only on young shoots-hence, they give large, beautiful, commodity fruits.

fruit trees of different varieties. Ordinary tall trees occupy a large area, it is difficult to harvest from them. And not always fruits, especially summer ones that are not subject to storage, are needed in huge quantities. The trellis garden gives you the opportunity to plant a lot of trees in a small space, each provide good conditions. Most often, the trellis is formed along the north-south line so that the plants receive maximum sun in the morning and evening hours and do not overheat at noon.

Wall-mounted trellis allows not only to turn the wall of a house or fence into a work of art, but also to provide heat-loving plants with additional shelter. The solar wall can successfully grow those crops for which the climate of this region is too harsh. If necessary, a compact trellis is easy to hide for the winter.

Farmers form low trellis gardens for the convenience of care for planting. In addition, the constant formative pruning leads to the fact that the trees bear fruit only on young shoots-hence, they give large, beautiful, commodity fruits.

WHY SHOULD I DO?

Not all types of fruit trees are suitable for forming trellises. It is important that the variety is not very strong by nature, does not respond to the pruning of explosive shoots, the tops, Ideally, you need seedlings, grafted onto special dwarf stocks M9. M26, which in themselves inhibit the growth of the stock. It is preferable to plant varieties of apples and pears with the type of growth "spur". These trees are distinguished by a peculiar development of the crown with a large number of short fruit branches, they are well shaped, with a small number of branches give large yields of fruits. Of apple trees, we can mention varieties Zhelannoe, Welsey, Antonovka ordinary, Festive. From pears: Chizhovskaya, Coffee-house, Efimova Elegant, Shinko, Siberian selection.

It is possible to create trellises from stone fruit species, but preference should be given to forms that have a long life of individual trunks. Also, you should not create trellises from species that produce a large amount of root cane. According to these parameters, peaches and apricots are preferable to plums and cherry plums.

© Anna KUSHCHENKO, St. Petersburg

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Trees on trellises - readers share their care experience

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 Trellis Shaped Garden DIY

I've been doing garden for more than 40.

During this time, he used many methods of formation, settled on the best, in my opinion, option - a trellis, or molded, garden.

At a distance of 1,5 m from the construction of a trench depth of 60 cm and a width of 80 cm, the clay was replaced by fertile soil.

At a distance of 80 cm, planted fruit seedlings grafted on a dwarfish stock 62-396.

I constructed a trellis in type of grape height of 2,5 m with a distance between wires 30 cm.

Growing branches sprouted along the row.

The result was a fruit wall with a width of 60 cm, length at discretion (I have 15 m, 25 trees planted, 5-th year of growth was the second fruiting, collected 250 kg of fruit).

What is the advantage of this formation?

• Trees occupy a small area.
• There is access to each branch, to each flower.
• It is easy to carry out shaping, pruning, normalizing the harvest.
• It is possible to carry out the chemical treatment qualitatively.
• Preservation of fruits: all fruits left after normalization mature and remain until removal.

© Author: V. BAIDAK Moscow

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