Felted cherry - varieties, planting, cultivation and pruning of cherries of this species
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Cherry felt - caring for the tree: from seedlings to harvest berries
Other names: cherry fluffy, Chinese cherry, Anto, tomentoza.
Cherry felt refers to the genus Cerasus, to the subgenus Micrpcorpus, and within the genus belongs to the amygdalocerasus.
This name felt cherry because of the characteristic pubescence of the leaves and to some extent the branches.
Origin.
The motherland of felt cherries is Korea and China. It is widely distributed in Primorsky Krai, Amur Region, Khabarovsk Territory. Occurs in a wild form in Central Asia and Transcaucasia. In culture it is bred in Japan, China, USA, Canada. The stock of winter hardiness and ecological fitness allows you to grow a cherry felt in many regions of Russia.
Food and medicinal value. In cherry cherry berries contain not less than 12% of dry matter, on average 9 percent of different sugars, also not less than 1% of acid, on average 20 milligram per% of vitamin C, pectin substances, and a number of other vitamins.
From the encyclopedia:
Cherry felt is a bush of plum sort. Get your name for the similarity with the ordinary cherry. Fruits of a felt cherry ripen earlier, than usual. They taste sweeter, thanks to a lower content of ascorbic acid. For spring planting it is better to purchase seedlings from autumn. They need to be stored, dug in the area and provided protection from rodents and freezing. In April, planted on a permanent place, without burrowing the root neck, which should be covered with protective material. The plant yields good harvests in a sunny place and soils with a neutral reaction. It differs ornamentality in May, during a luxurious flowering.
Morphological and biological features.
Growing felt cherry in the form of a bush height of an average height of about 2x meters, but with good care can reach a height of three meters or more.
Branches thin, with characteristic gray pubescence. The underside of the leaf blade is also pubescent.
Flowers large can reach 2 centimeters in diameter, white or pink, they appear on the bush very early.
Felted cherry is a very fast-growing tree - the vaccinated year-olds begin to give berries the next year, and the seedlings for the third, maximum for the fourth. In the bulk of the crop ripens from mid-July to mid-August.
The yield of the bush depends on the conditions of care and ranges from 5 to 20 kilograms.
Felt cherry tolerates temperature drops to -NNUMX degrees. The root system is more often horizontal, very branched.
Virtually all roots are at a depth of 15-20 cm.
Varieties of felt cherries.
In popular culture, felt cherry is still developing as its population. Dedicated from the population of the most productive forms of plants were named varieties. Fruits cherry felt depending on the variety ripen from 10 July to 10 August. The most widely spread varieties of cherry felt Ogonek, Amurka, Khabarovsk, Pioneer.
Widely distributed varieties obtained from the hybridization of cherry and cherry cherry: Summer, Damanka.
More on the topic: Care, pruning and cultivation of ordinary garden cherries
Planting a cherry cherry and caring for it.
When laying plantations for plantation plowing, 70 tons of organic fertilizers are applied and at least 60 kilogram of the active substance of phosphate-potassium fertilizers.
The planting scheme for felt cherry trees in industrial gardens is 4 × 1 m, and in home gardens at dachas and plots - 2 × 1 m.
You can plant seedlings in autumn and spring. When planting in a pit, 10-15 kg of humus, 45-50 grams of superphosphate and 20-25 grams of potassium salt are applied and watered at the rate of 5-10 liters of water under the plant.
Felted cherry is not capricious to the quality of soils. Many conditions when planting it should be the same as when planting ordinary varieties of cherries - that is, avoid lowlands and areas with a high level of groundwater, and just the damp cold places.
I also recommend that you plant sand and sand in addition to the above fertilizers and compost or humus - but you need to do this if the soil is clayey, heavy.
Saplings of cherry for embroidery take 1-2 summer, you can plant them both in spring and in autumn - I prefer spring.
During the growing season, care is taken for the soil and at least two waterings. It is recommended to apply fertilizers to the felt cherry not earlier than two, three years after planting the seedling.
Forming the crown and pruning the cherry with felt.
The purpose of the formation of bushes is to create a powerful bush, and in the future - to maintain them in a state of active growth.
In the second age period (from the eighth year of life), along with the usual sanitary and regulatory pruning of shrubs, a rejuvenating pruning is necessary.
I do this:
Since cherry begins to yield crops very quickly - to form a bush it is necessary to proceed immediately, so that by the time it starts to bear fruit the bush was already formed and convenient for care. Therefore, I try, as early as possible, to form a stem with a height of up to half a meter, and delete all shoots except the central one, but above leave no more than 5-7 branches, smooth and growing in different directions.
In early spring, every year, I thin the bushes, remove the growing branches, what has broken during the winter, dries up, etc. A good beautiful bush is obtained already in the third year of cultivation, as practice shows, a convenient and beautiful bush yields and yields of berries are much larger than abandoned, dense thickets.
Also on the topic: Cultivation and varieties of felt cherry - Part 1
Reproduction of a felt cherry.
This tree comparatively easily reproduces the rooting of both lignified and green cuttings, ocularization, as well as layers and, of course, grafting.
In my garden, in the autumn, I propagate with seeds - with this method of propagation, the seeds do not need to be subjected to additional stratification, they germinate better in the winter, they hardly differ in quality from the parent plants (crops, winter hardiness, etc.). In principle, you can propagate felt cherries with seeds (seeds) in the spring, but then they will have to be stratified, at least for 80-90 days. (What is stratification and how to do it Read here).
For spring planting, it is possible to stratify in sawdust or sand (preferably before it is well calcined). Overall proportions are approximately as follows: 1 part of the bones on the 4-5 parts of the backfill (sand or sawdust).
All this farming should be moistened approximately to such a state so that, when squeezed in the hand, the mixture would stick together and not break up into pieces. I put the jar of seeds in a refrigerator with a temperature of 0-4 degrees. Humidity should be maintained at the same level as when filling, and periodically mix everything for uniformity of the process.
Pests and diseases.
Of the pests, the most harmful are leaf rollers, plum moth and aphids. In the conditions of most regions of the Russian Federation, the limiting factor in the spread of cherries is a disease of moniliosis, or wet fruit rot, to a lesser degree a klyasterosporiosis, or a holey spot, and pockets.
Harvest.
Tare for the removal of cherry fruit is shallow drawers, baskets of shavings, and even better - special sieves.
When harvesting, the cherry fruit tears off without a peduncle, so in ordinary room conditions they last no more than two days. In special storage facilities with regulated climate, fruits can be stored for up to ten days. At home, the cherry fruit is stored well in the packages of synthetic film in the refrigerator.
Using.
In the central part of Russia, felt cherry is used most often as a leaf tree in forest belts and as a decorative plantation for the design of gardens and parks.
Felt cherry offspring does not give
Practice:
In nature, as you know, there is nothing useless. So with a felt cherry - even without taking into account the high enough yields of berries (which even Michurin paid attention to in his notes) and the already mentioned early fruiting, felt cherry can be successfully used not only to decorate the garden (during flowering it is unusually beautiful , and it blossoms often when there is still no leaves on the bush - you can not tear off the eye) but as a root for an ordinary cherry.
In this case, you get a bush of ordinary cherries but without root offspring and overgrowth, and therefore get rid of the need to struggle with thickets every year, which, as is known to many owners of cottages and horticulturists, when growing a common cherry is a whole problem.
Lavrovishnya - what kind of plant is it
Thanks to beautiful evergreen foliage and rapid growth, laurel cherry (Primus laurocerasus) is an excellent candidate for creating hedges. Many gardeners sympathize with these shrubs also because they grow on almost any soil, and even do not require special care. However, there are pitfalls in growing laurel cherries: in spring, these thermophilic plants often suffer from return cold weather - the foliage changes color and then completely falls off. Sometimes whole branches die too. The reason for this is late frosts in sunny weather. And although in most cases the bushes are restored again, it will take a long time before the plants can "make up for losses." Therefore, if you are planning to plant a new green hedge at your summer cottage this fall, when buying seedlings, opt for cold-resistant varieties (see below). There is one more nuance: the place of planting significantly affects the way the plant will tolerate late frosts, in addition to the variety. So, plants,
planted in groups on sheltered from the wind, are much less likely to suffer from frost. And in areas where the probability of spring frosts is particularly high, "plant" the laurel cherry in shady or at least shady places.
On the photo laurel cherry varieties:
1. Diana attracts attention with young shoots of copper color.
2. Cherry Brandy, rapidly expanding in width, in height reaches only 70 cm. It is grown as a ground cover bush. Abundantly fructifies.
3. Herbergii with strong long leaves and erect shrub shape is good for both green hedges and single or group planting.
Below other entries on the topic "Dacha and garden - with their own hands"
- Care and cultivation of felt cherries
- Cherry small-sawed or cherry (photo) planting and care
- Felt cherry in the Moscow region - the pros and cons, treatment and cultivation
- Cherry in Siberia: pruning and pollination
- Steppe cherry (photo) varieties and reviews about them. Landing and care
- Felted cherry - varieties, planting, cultivation and pruning of cherries of this species
- CHERRY: the main rules of agricultural technology
- Sand Cherry (photo) planting and caring for her
- Planting and caring for cherries in the Kurganinsk region
- Cherries and problems - diseases, self-fertility, fruiting and fruit chopping
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Felt cherry (Chinese cherry) was already growing in our garden when we bought the site. In the spring, when I saw her blooming, I just fell in love with her and called her “our sakura”. It grows in our bush with several trunks about two meters high, and when it blooms, the bush turns into a huge bouquet that attracts bees. Cherry leaves are small, serrated, covered with fluff on the reverse side, which is why they called it felt.
The bush is decorative at any time - both in spring - when it blooms, and in summer, when the branches are covered with red berries.
Felt cherries are smaller than ordinary cherries, but very tasty, sweet, juicy. Moreover, they hang on the branches for a long time and do not crumble. We prefer to eat fresh cherries, so we collect a little. Plucked fruits are not stored for a long time, but compotes can be cooked.
The bush is very compact, takes up little space in the garden. If you have a small area, it is just right for you. This type of cherry is winter-hardy, bears fruit abundantly every year, I have never noticed any pests on it for all the time. There are always many young bushes under the cherry bush that have grown from seeds.
Plant a felt cherry in your garden!
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Felted cherry is incompatible with cherry ordinary and they can not serve each other as a stock or as a scion.
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Bullshit is a beautiful felt stock for ordinary cherries because it does not give root shoots - all experienced gardeners know this, you probably just have a little experience and therefore do not scatter the wrong advice, do not mislead inexperienced people ...