We make chatali (props) for fruit trees
Chatals (supports) in the garden for fruit trees - how to make and install correctly
The harvest of large, ripe and juicy apples, pears, plums is the dream of every gardener! The dense, shiny sides of ripening fruit pleases the eye, and branches that crouch under the weight of the filling fruits obviously need support - the tree needs help! Supports (chatals) should be prepared in advance, so as not to miss the moment when the heavy-weighted branch breaks off.
1. Take a wooden pole with a height of 2 m, sharpened at the base. At the top, make a cutout in the form of a gutter. Its depth should be such that the branch densely in it lay down and did not jump out during the wind. To dig in such a chatalu should be away from the base of the branch, in the conditional center of gravity, if possible vertically. At the fork, put a piece of rubber, mats, dry grass. Supports are installed along the periphery of the crown, around the tree. For greater stability, all vertically delivered chitalals at an altitude of 1,5 m from the ground are tied with twine to the transverse (horizontal) poles.
2. On both sides of the trunk, at a distance of 50 cm, dig in two supports, whose ends are preliminarily wrapped with a ruberoid, and fasten the poles with each other with straps (like a ladder). Tie the twigs with rope or wire to the vertical posts. In order not to damage the bark, put a rubber gasket (you can use old tires, cut pieces in 10 cm) at the place where the rope is fastened. Such a support will not be a hindrance when processing the tree trunk of the tree, unlike the first construction.
3. Near each trunk dig in the bar (you can pipe) - a supporting mast with a height of 0,5 m above the tree trunk. To fasten it to a tree it is necessary from below and in the middle (in places of crepe-singing to lay sacking).
To the upper edge, tie ropes as many as necessary to support the branches (the length of the rope corresponds to the distance from the top edge of the strap to the branch + 20 cm). By the end of each piece of twine, you can attach a piece of wire or aluminum wire. Such tips in the form of hooks will allow you to quickly dismantle the support, and they can be used for the next year.
4. The structure described above can be supplemented with hoops in the 2-3 tier, depending on the height of the tree.
For rings, wire diameter 6-8 mm is needed. but they can be made from willow twigs. Supports are stakes made of reinforcing iron and pipes. To the branches are not rubbed, put on the counter pieces of the old rubber hose. These props, resembling an umbrella, you can leave for the winter, so that under the weight of the snow branches are not broken off.
See also: Care of the garden - frequently asked questions
After harvesting the fruits, the catals are removed, disinfected with 5-percentage solution of ferrous sulfate and stored for winter storage.
To the note to the gardener:
In addition to the supports or as an alternative, the branches can be tied to a barrel or pulled together with a thick metal wire with a yoke. This is especially important for trees with sharp angles of branch off branches from the trunk.
In dwarf and semi-dwarf gardens, where the crowns are small, and the density of tree placement is high, branches are connected with neighboring ones to prevent breakage. For trees growing along the row, the branches of neighboring trees serve as a support.
If you have trees planted in a row - you can set the poles at a distance of 18-20 cm from each other and pull the wire between them at a height of 1-1,2 m from the surface of the ground, to which to send the branches.
First, the supports are placed (especially in poorly protected places from the wind) under the upper, and then under the lower branches of those trees that bear earlier, as well as brittle wood (for example, pear).
Below other entries on the topic "Dacha and garden - with their own hands"
- Winter hardiness and drought resistance of dwarf trees
- Planting dwarf apple trees - the pros and cons
- Apple and pear on clonal rootstocks - planting and care features
- Pros and cons of dwarf trees and gardens of such forms
- Garden of Colon Trees - a list of pros and cons
- Dwarf garden and plants for it
- Colon-shaped trees - planting care and shaping
- Growing Colon Fruit Trees - Planting and Care
- Bonsai garden - pros and cons
- Dwarf apple trees for Siberia
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Support yourself: fast and secure
At the dacha we do not often, but there are always a lot of work. At the height of summer it was required to support a large branch with fruits on the old apple tree.
The tree is old, but yields a lot of harvest. We found several wooden poles (thin, however). My children and I gathered them together in a bundle, placed under a branch, the lower ends of the poles were spread out like an open umbrella, and the upper ends were tied tightly, the pieces of foam were wrapped, and our branch was laid on a foam pillow.
Wrapped the branch with old rags and primed with adhesive tape to the support. For reliability, another such support was built and placed it under a branch closer to the trunk. The branch did not break, the harvest was not lost, the time was spent no more than an hour.
If the trees are planted in one row, you can use similar "tripods", which I made. But put them not under the branches, but to the right and left of the branch or two or three branches. A flat board is placed on the supports, and branches will fall on the board. Simple, convenient and easy. If the height of the branches is different, you can additionally lay a bar wrapped with foam rubber to adjust the height of the support for each branch.
But I want to remind all the gardeners that the supports can incorrectly form the skeletal branches and the crown of the tree, therefore it is not always effective to apply only the props. It is necessary to carry out pruning in time, to form the crown so that there are no long side branches.
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Chat room is the installation of props called chat rooms. Simply put, this is the procedure for installing props under the heavy branches of fruit trees in order to prevent them from breaking.
Many gardeners believe that the supports are only needed when the branches bend from the abundance of apples or pears. Therefore, they begin to make supports only when the branches almost just about break from the abundance of fruits.
It is not right. It is necessary to engage in the installation of supports in advance, because the supports are needed not only to strengthen the branches. Chatelovka also improves the lighting of branches: after properly installed supports, sunlight enters each branch. With properly installed supports, branches do not touch, the fruits do not crumble and do not break.
In what cases should you put the support in the early spring?
Experienced gardener necessarily pay attention to trees that have a slow fracture of the crown. Usually these are old fruit trees that have not been carried out, or insufficiently trimmed.
In order not to have problems with the crown, adult trees need to carry out summer pruning. It is carried out during the ripening period. All green shoots need to be removed so that they do not take away the strength from the fruit tree. Shoots that cover the fruit must be cut off, leaving 1-2 cm after the growth node.
When the crown is broken, the props must be prepared for the height of the lower row of branches. In total, it is better to supply at least 7-10 supports around the crown. Supports are placed strictly vertically, the point of contact of the support with the branch must coincide with the center of gravity of the branch. Supports to prevent the fracture of the crown can be used for several years. For the winter period, the supports are removed, and in the early spring they are again placed. Do you want to strengthen the branches sprinkled with fruits? Then you need not to be late: put the props, when the fruit will be the size of a walnut. If the pads are put later, there is a danger that the branch will break even with a prop.
Igor Krasnyuk, Uzhgorod