Flower adenium (impala lily) - how to grow at home: nursing, growing a transplant, etc.

Desert Rose, Imperial Lily, Adenium - these are the names of the same plant that appeared on our flower market very recently and immediately won the hearts of lovers of indoor flowers. This exotic succulent is ideal for growing in our apartments, as it successfully combines spectacular and long flowering, a bizarre trunk shape and unpretentiousness.

Once upon a time, there were tropical forests in the desert where beautiful adeniums grew. With climate change, many inhabitants of the tropics left their native places, but the adeniums remained, managing to adapt to new conditions. The trunks acquired a bizarre shape, turning into a pantry of moisture and nutrition. Thanks to this, the plant retained the splendor of flowering and was called the desert rose.

Despite the tropical and subtropical origin, Adenium Feels great on our windowsills. In summer, this exotic succulent is strewn with large flowers collected in brushes. They are formed both on old and young shoots and even on the stem. In shape, the flowers are similar to a lily, hence the second name - impala lily. Each flower lives 7-10 days. Thanks to the caudex - thickening of the stem in the lower part - even in winter during dormancy, when the leaves completely or partially fall off, the plant looks spectacular.

The homeland of the adeniums is Central and South Africa, the Arabian Peninsula.

In the natural environment this small tree or shrub is 1-2 in height with a fleshy silver-gray stalk thickened at the base. Rosette leaves formed on the top of the shoots. Now it is necessary to make clarification.

Adenium is not the name of a particular plant, but a genus that combines many species: multiflorous, krispum, nova, sokotran, arabic, svazikum, olieforum, bochlianum, Somali, fat and more

Using the richness of species diversity, breeders brought out a huge amount of adenium varieties with simple, semi-double and double flowers, with a smooth or wavy edge of the petals. In addition to the natural pink color, the flowers can be red, white, cream, yellow and even variegated.

The variety of leaves is not inferior to flowers. Coloring can be different: green, yellow, red, motley, with a light fringing or spotty. The surface is smooth or velvety. There are varieties with narrow and small leaves, and vice versa - the leaves can be wide and large.

With all due respect to the work of breeders, fans of adenium prefer varieties with flowers of pink-red color, that is, those that nature intended them to be. This is Grimbley Byte - flowers are delicately pink with a white border; Candy Strip - with salmon-red flowers and longitudinal bright red stripes; Azha Asha - flowers are purple, the border is red, the edge is wavy; Calypso - with purple petals of a wide oval shape and a blunted top, etc.

Photo 2: Varieties (kinds) of adenium: 1. Multiflorous. Arab. Fat

Peculiarities of growing adenium

On the window adenium rarely grow above 60 cm. But this does not mean that they grow slowly. For three years of life the stem in the lower part reaches in diameter 6-8 cm. Most representatives of this glorious genus shoots are short and thick, the flowers large, tubular with a five-bladed arching. In buds of a share corollas are tightly twisted, they open in the end of spring and decorate a plant all the summer long.

Like most succulents, adenium loves heat and light. In spring and summer, the plant needs direct sunlight daily for 4-6 hours. At this time, the optimum temperature for him is 23-28 degrees. The ideal place of residence is the windowsills of the southern orientation, although it grows well in bright scattered light on any window except the north.

In autumn and winter, when most of the exotics go to rest, the adenium also needs to rest to gain strength for a lush bloom. That's why in October you need to rearrange the pot in a cool place with a temperature of 12-15. In this case, it should be light. At the fallen asleep plant, the growth of shoots ceases and some or all of the foliage flies. During sleep, he does not need watering, fertilizing, only to ensure that there are no sudden fluctuations in temperature and drafts.

It is noticed if the adenium rested in coolness and without irrigation, it will wake up in March, and if occasionally, but watered and kept warm, then the dream will last several more weeks.

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Reference by topic: Which plants are suitable for a children's room and kindergarten

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Adenium: planting a flower

Adenium is best grown from seeds, since the thickening of the stem - the visiting card of this plant - does not always form when propagated by cuttings. It is not difficult to get seeds through an online store or from lovers of exotic plants, of which a lot have appeared recently. The seeds are quite large, freshly picked have a high germination rate, but they quickly lose it. Therefore, it is necessary to sow immediately as soon as received by mail. The season does not matter much, although experts recommend sowing in February-March, so that the plants grow over the summer.

Before sowing, it does not hurt to sanitize the seeds in a weak solution of potassium permanganate. To accelerate the emergence of seedlings, you can stimulate the germination of zircon by dissolving it in warm water and lowering the seeds there for 2-4 hours. And you can wrap it in a damp cloth and sow it after the sprouts hatch. Prepared seeds germinate after about 10 days, without preparation - after 21 days.

Sowing is carried out in boxes filled with air-and moisture-permeable substrate with a neutral reaction (pH 7). To obtain such a composition, one must mix either vermiculite and peat, or perlite and sand (in the ratio 2: 1) with the addition of charcoal (5-10%).

Before sowing, the soil is moistened and the seeds are laid out on top, not deepening, but only slightly sprinkling them. Then cover with a thin food-grade transparent film and put in a warm place (24-28 degrees). With the emergence of shoots film is removed.

Seedlings are protected from direct sunlight and the midday sun, drafts and low temperatures (below 18 degrees). When 2-4 is formed, true leaves are planted in pots with a diameter of 5-6, cm. This usually occurs after 2-3 months after sowing. Flowering occurs in 2 years.

Propagation by cuttings has both advantages and disadvantages. Advantages - flowering begins earlier than seedlings, and when breeding hybrid varieties all the achievements of selection are preserved. The disadvantages balance the advantages: we have already mentioned the thickening on the stem, which forms several years later than the seedlings, or does not form at all, and the second disadvantage is the difficulty of acquiring cuttings in the Russian outback.

However, if you have a desert rose at home, it is easier to multiply it with cuttings. Usually they are cut in spring or summer from the tops of shoots. Optimal length 10-15 see cuttings easily rotten, so the sections are powdered with charcoal and slightly dried. Root in the same substrate as in sowing. Around the cuttings pour cleaned and calcined sand, put pieces of charcoal to prevent decay. At a temperature of 25-30 degrees, rooting continues for a month. Periodically, the substrate is wetted from the spray gun, not allowing the soil to dry out. Blossom plants from cuttings through 1,5 year.

Adeniums grow very quickly, so young plants are recommended to be transplanted every year. In this case, the pot does not need to buy a large, for the growth. Its diameter should be equal to the crown of the transplanted plant. The transplant is usually carried out in the spring or late summer. At the bottom lay drainage at 1 / 6 pot height, which provides good aeration.

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See also: How to grow pineapple at home

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While the plant is young, you need to decide how you want to see it - a tree or a bush.

To give bushiness in young plants pinch the growth point. Through 45-50 days, intensive branching begins. If the plant is formed by a tree, one third cuts all the branches and shortens the trunk. All these operations are carried out only in the spring, at the beginning of shoot growth.

Photo 3: The formation of a flower adenium bush (1) or a tree (photo 2)

Adenium: caring for an adult flower

In the third year of life, adenium becomes an adult, abundantly flowering plant, that is, that same desert rose for which you worked so hard. Now the plant needs another pot. Due to the fact that the roots of adult adenium grow horizontally, he needs a pot not deep, but wide. And a prerequisite - drainage holes at the bottom - the more of them, the better.

How to fill the pot? Soil mixture should still be a neutral reaction, well permeable to air and water, but more nutritious than for young

plants. You can use the purchased substrate for cacti or make it yourself from equal parts of sand, turf and leaf land with the addition of charcoal (10% of the volume of the mixture). Leafy ground is better to take from under the linden, birch, hazel, and sand is desirable to use a shallow river.

The adult plant is transplanted every few years, and the composition of the soil is also changed. So that it does not cake, mix sod land with sand, expanded clay or broken brick with a diameter of 1-3 mm, whose share can vary from 30 to 70%. Some use peat as the main component, mixing with pieces of polystyrene and sand. The drainage is still laid on the bottom and transplanted into a wide pot with a lot of drainage holes.

The plant looks and shortens the lateral and secondary roots, removes the diseased areas, carefully cleaning the rot with sterile tools. Wounds and cuts are not treated except for charcoal, since adenium does not like chemistry, the plant soon tightens the damage itself. When transplanting the stem slightly raised, placing slightly higher than in the previous pot.

Before transplanting and after it for 3-4 weeks, adenium is not watered to allow the scarring of damaged roots.

Actively take care of this handsome only in spring and summer. If, after hibernation, the shoots grow too fast, they are pruned. Water only with standing water at room temperature. It is important not to pour the plant, that is, watered when the soil dries up. Watering should be abundant, so that the water comes out through the drainage holes. The seedlings and young plants are not afraid of overmoistening, but adults suffer from excessive moisture.

The reason is that by its nature adenium stores water in a thickened stem to survive a prolonged drought. Over time, the stored moisture becomes more and more. And if there is still an excess of water in the soil, the roots can rot. Even in summer between watering, the substrate in adult plants should dry well, otherwise the leaves lose elasticity, the stems wrinkle and darken. For the same reason, after watering through 15-20 minutes, water from the pan must necessarily be poured out. And some growers and do watering only after the stems begin to fade.

In the autumn-winter period, watering should be reduced to a minimum, young plants are watered once in 2-3 weeks, adults -1 once a month. When leaving the rest, the first watering is done very carefully, in small portions. Usually it is carried out through 2-3 weeks after the plant grows into growth.

To the rose of the desert justified its name, it must be fed. Provides a lush bloom complex mineral fertilizer with an equal amount of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, or even better if it includes trace elements. In spring and summer, the fertilizer is applied at each irrigation, reducing the dose specified in the instructions in 3 times, approximately 1-2 g / L of water is obtained. In the period of rest from autumn to spring, plants are not fed.

Adenium rarely hurts, only if they overdo it with watering, held in a draft or too low a temperature by frequent airing in the winter. Pests are more dangerous for him. However, even here there are no special difficulties in putting things in order, as it is damaged by the same insects, which annoy most houseplants. It is a mealy meringue, a scab, a spider mite.

The worm is easy to detect on a white cotton-like scurf on the leaves and stems, where the female usually lays its eggs. The plaque is removed with a napkin, then the plant is washed with a soap solution or infusion of pyrethrum and placed in a cool place.

Shields tightly adhere to the leaves, covered with wax coating as a scute, and suck the juice. In damaged plants, leaves fall prematurely. The pest is peeled off with a tissue soaked in soapy water, every 5-6 days. The procedure is repeated for three weeks.

The spider mite most often moves to adenium from other plants. Damaged leaves are covered with small yellow spots, when excessive reproduction, a transparent cobweb is formed. From the spider mites, it is easy to get rid of the broth of the cyclamen tubers, the saponin of which destroys the pest completely for 1-2 spraying (50 g / 0,5 L of water). From chemical preparations it is possible to use 0,2% solution of the preparation rogor. Only to treat the flower is not in the room, but on the balcony or the landing.

Flower Adenium - for a note to the flower grower

As a houseplant, adenium is obese (A. obesum) most often. He deserved it with a good character, the ability to adapt to different conditions, without reducing the duration and fluffiness of flowering.

Every flower of a desert rose adorns the tree for a whole week.

Like many exots, the periods of rest and flowering of the adenium are pronounced: after a dream, the plant wakes up, starts to blossom, sometimes even earlier than the leaflets, and in October again falls asleep. If you pick the right soil and take care, following this periodicity, you will understand why adenium is called the rose of the desert.

If you want the plants sown at the end of winter to start to bloom more quickly, after the emergence of the shoots, highlight them with fluorescent lamps.

Adenium seedlings grow very quickly, in six months they already have a thick stalk.

With all its attractiveness, adenium is a poisonous plant. Therefore, planting, transplanting, pruning a flower must be done with gloves!

Adenium is more suitable for plastic pots of light color, they better reflect sunlight, less overheat.

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See also: What to choose pots for orchids, senpolias, succulents and room large-sized ones

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In summer, adenium can be taken out into the fresh air - a balcony, a loggia or into the garden, protecting it with a small canopy in rainy weather from excess moisture in the pots.

In the period when the buds are poured, the plant can not be rearranged or replaced, and the pot must be turned.

In the heat of adenium well respond to the shower from the atomizer.

Planting and caring for adenium at home - sharing experience

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Adenium or rose in the bottle

There are houseplants decorative-deciduous, blossoming, and recently also dwarf ones formed in the form of bonsai. But the enchanting flower adenium, which is also called a desert rose, has all these characteristics. It is both decorative-deciduous and flowering (some species even with fragrant flowers are), and even sometimes resembles bonsai.

Description of the flower

This is a slowly growing bush or a small tree with a fleshy trunk, which at the base has a thickening - caudex. most of it can be underground. In total, there are 10 species of adeniums in nature. They may have different leaves - some of them are rounded, while others may be elongated and pointed at the ends. The color of the leaves can be either pale or bright green, glossy. Differences in these plants have flowers. They can be large and small, terry and ordinary. And we don’t even have to talk about the color palette, it is so diverse - from white to purple.

Among these kinds of beautiful flowers there are adenium decum, or, as it is also called, "fat". This species has gained immense popularity among florists for unpretentiousness, early and abundant flowering. Under good conditions, it blooms in 1,5-2, I had it in the third year. Has thick gray-brown stems, which taper to the top, as if resembling the shape of the bottle. The shape of the leaves varies, it is either lanceolate with a pointed apex, or oval. The foliage itself has a smooth structure and a glossy dark green color.

seed

It was such a handsome man that I decided to start at home. Seeds were sent to me from China by post. They came very quickly, in the spring of 2012. While they were on the road, I carefully studied the information on how to sow them correctly and how to grow adenium in the future.

And now I'm holding a treasured envelope with seeds. Ways how to prepare seeds for seeding, a few, I chose the most, as I believe, the right and suitable for me. First, soaked seeds of adenium in a fungicide (each chooses its own, because there is a huge amount), it is possible and in ordinary, pink color, potassium permanganate, literally for 20-30 min. He did this in order to protect future shoots from possible diseases. Then the seeds are still for three hours soaked in a growth stimulant (there are also a huge number of them). That the seeds are not drowned in the tank, I pre-wrapped them in gauze. If there is no gauze. then you can use any other material or even wadded disks.

After the seeds were processed, I proceeded to sow them. Prepared small (capacity 500 ml) plastic cups. They made drainage holes with a needle. Each seed planted in a separate glass, did it intentionally, so that when the plant grows, neighboring shoots do not interfere with it, and it grows stronger. Naturally, the picking is not required. In my opinion, such planting and planting are most good.

Council

In the spring and summer, adenium should be watered frequently, as the soil dries quickly, especially when there is a lot of heat. These plants drink a lot of water. It is necessary to watch that. so that the soil is always slightly moist. Sometimes I even spray the plants in the evening. In the winter, the opposite is true: the plants fall into a hibernation at a temperature of 10-15 degrees, almost all the leaves fall on them and a rest period sets in. Watering at this time they need to be very careful not to pour. Personally, I water only when I see that the stem of the plant begins to wrinkle. But in this case I moisten the soil very moderately.

Substrate

The substrate for sowing adenium seeds I used was as follows: vermiculite and sliced ​​coconut fiber were added to the ready cactus soil, mixed and scattered in cups. Tightly not rammed so that the seeds do not rot. In the middle of the glass I made a small indentation in 1 cm deep and put a seed in it, then everything was leveled. He sprinkled it with warm water from the spray gun and covered it with glass. You can use a conventional plastic bag to create such a mini-greenhouse.

Care for adenium

Until the germination of seeds, the cups can be kept in the dark, as I did, the main thing is that it should be warm. As I sowed in the spring, the containers with the seeds stood near my battery. When the seeds began to peck, it happened about a week after sowing, I moved the glasses under the lamps so that the seedlings of the adenomas would reach the light and grow faster. The glass was removed not immediately, but after 5 days, and all this time gradually accustomed the seedlings to the air. Since before sowing the seeds were soaked in a solution of growth hormones, the seedlings grew very well and amicably, and most importantly, all were sturdy and healthy.

With each month the plants rose higher and the caudex became thicker and wider. So one year passed unnoticed. Adeniums became cramped in small cups, and I decided to transplant them. When choosing containers for transplantation, the growth of the roots of Adenium was guided.

They mostly grow in breadth, so I chose a wide and shallow pot for the transplant. The substrate did the same as when sowing seeds, only added a bit of horse humus. In a wide and spacious capacity, the plants immediately went into growth again.

After hibernation

When the buds begin to peck on the plant, the period of their hibernation ends. But even after you saw that the kidneys began to peck, watering can begin no earlier than in 1,5-2 weeks.

As for lighting, adeniums are very fond of diffuse light. In summer, from direct sunlight, they need to be shaded, and then the leaves from the scorching sun can quickly burn. In winter, during a rest period, light is not necessary for them, but this is only if you arrange this wintering. If someone on the windowsills is warm and dry, then you can illuminate the adeniums without introducing them into hibernation.

I carry out fertilizing with mineral and organic fertilizers, but only mainly in the spring and summer, during active growth and flowering. From mineral fertilizers I use a mix for succulents, I plant according to the instructions, I fertilize once 8 a month. With the same frequency I use organic fertilizer in the form of horse manure, I dilute it with water in the ratio 1: 15 and I insist for several hours. In winter, I feed adenia-minds only once with mineral fertilizer.

Flowers blossomed!

In the spring of 2015, my adeniums were three years old. I made another transfer-transshipment in a large capacity. In advance, mineral fertilizers were added to the soil. And I put my favorites in the brightest place. The result did not take long. Soon a bunch of buds appeared on one of the plants, which I was very happy with. This moment I waited three years, and I could not wait to see with my own eyes, and not in the picture, all the charm of this amazing flower.

But buds did not open for a long time, apparently, this is also a feature of this plant. The flowers blossomed closer to summer, the beauty indescribable! These gramophones of delicate white and pink color decorated my windowsill for 1,5 month, some flowers fell, but others hurried to replace them.

Growing adenium from the seed and bringing the plant to flowering, I realized that it is unpretentious, not capricious, but on the contrary very easy to clean and therefore even a beginner will do.

© Author: Pavel Konstantinovich ZIMIN, Nizhny Novgorod Region, Sarov

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© Author: Author: A. Trofimova (candidate of agricultural sciences) Photo of the site about breeding adeniums at home Adenium at home

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