How to grow hot pepper (chili, etc.)

hot pepper cultivation

Fans of hot peppers have long noticed that its fruits have a double benefit. Tasty in taste, they are great helpers in the kitchen, able to add heat to any dish. Dressy in appearance - a spectacular decoration of the windowsill and a bright accent for the flower garden. At the end of winter, the time is right for sowing seeds, to renew the planting of a pretty wit on the window or to grow seedlings for the beds.

Hot pepper: both spicy and spicy, and sweet

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Any pepper is not just a vegetable, but a real natural biological supplement. Even in its green pods, vitamin C is 3 times more than in citrus fruits, and in red 4-5 times. And it also contains spicy aromatic substances that contribute to the production of endofrins in the body - “hormones of happiness”. Therefore, we like so much not only to eat colorful pods, but also to grow peppers with our own hands.

By taste and use, all varieties of pepper are divided into sweet - vegetable (Bulgarian) and hot - chili (bitter, spicy). The burning taste of the fruit determines the presence of a special substance in them - the capsaicin alkaloid. The adrenaline rush caused by him is very popular with fans of everything pungent. Moreover, in moderate amounts, fire pepper not only gives gourmets real pleasure, but also brings invaluable benefits to our body, helping to remain active, beautiful and healthy.

Note

✓ Most of all capsaicin is contained in the white core of the fruit, to which the seeds are attached. Reduce the severity of pepper can be, removing it. But be careful: essential oils released during cleaning can cause skin irritation.

Fiery fruits in our first place are familiar as the main "igniters" of the most popular adzhika, as well as the acute sauces: Tabasco, chili and salsa. Without friendship with the "burning macho" lovers of sharp marinades, a rich borsch and pilau can not do. Its useful properties are preserved both in dry and hammer form. Powder from burning pods is part of the famous Indian mixture of curry.

✓Keep in mind

Even the smallest peppers can conceal a burning sharpness. Therefore, only one crumb is quite enough to prepare marinade or pickle and a three-liter jar of sharp cucumbers or tomatoes.

Reference by topic:  Cultivation of pepper in pots and containers in room conditions. Variety planting and care of pepper

Cultivation of chili

Chilli - so for the first time this burning pepper was called the Aztecs, which translates as red. Now all the most burning varieties of hot peppers are called so for distinguishing them from medium- and low-burning. This is the most famous of all the fiery ones - the snub-nosed Mexican ha-lapeno; fleshy and bright, like a flashlight, habanero; cute, like a wide woolen beret with a pompom on the crown, adhesive tape bonnet; tiny, but no less evil Thai pepper bird's eye; bullet-like ser-early; embarrassing ladies of chili-willy; one of the longest - although very thin - anaheim ...

All chili peppers (red, cayenne) noticeably vary in taste - from soft to burning. The basic rule is the smaller the pod, the more burning it is. To measure the severity of pepper, even an international scale has been developed with the SHU (Scoville heat units). And if sweet bell pepper has a sharpness of 0 SHU, then in the most fiery varieties it overcame the barrier of two million units!

✓So that you know

Paprika is a spice made of the most non-hot varieties of red pepper. Chile from the most burning. Pepperoni (so affectionately commonly called dwarf hot pepper) is usually used in pickled form and is often used in pizza cooking.

In the agricultural technology of Chile is simple

Seeds of hot pepper for seedlings are sown in February, when the light day begins to increase significantly. Friendly and rapid germination of seeds can be stimulated by pre-soaking them for 3-5 days in warm snow water. For this purpose, the seeds are laid between two moist cotton wool discs and placed in plastic containers. They should be moved as close as possible to the heating batteries. I usually do this: I take a thick book, put it on the battery, and put a container on top. At the same time, you must ensure that the discs do not dry out.

After that, the seeds can be sown in mini-greenhouses. Very convenient are two-piece large plastic bottles. Seeds are spread with tweezers at such a distance that the peppers can then be painlessly planted in pots, and sprinkled on top with a layer of soil in 0,8-1 cm. Such sealing contributes to the emergence of seedlings without "caps". Not discarded in time, they greatly restrain the growth of seedlings.

In greenhouses, the soil never dries up, and shoots always feel cozy. By removing the cap, they are conveniently ventilated and watered. It remains only to find for them the most sunny place on the windowsill.

After the appearance of a pair of real leaves in peppers, seedlings are planted in separate pots with a diameter of no more than 8-10 cm. During this period, young plants are very fond of sprinkling with warm water, which is better combined with top dressing. Use any complex readily soluble in water fertilizers (such as Kemira Lux).

When young sharp peppers reach an altitude of 12-15 cm, and their root system is mastered by an earth clod, they can be transplanted to a permanent place in a greenhouse or in large pots. For adult plants, there is enough volume in 1,5-2 l.

In a temperate climate, the heat-loving wisecrack grows better and develops under greenhouse conditions than in open ground. Well, he feels and on the sunny balconies and loggias, even if they are not glazed. But it should be borne in mind that peppers in pots should be watered often, and in hot dry weather -2 times a day.

See also: Decorative paprika - growing

Three possible problems with the cultivation of hot pepper

In general, the agrotechnics of hot pepper is no different from sweet. But when growing it in indoor conditions, the plant can make you worried.

At high air temperature (above + 30 ... + 35'C), discard flowers and ovaries.

This also happens when there is a large difference in day and night temperatures, as well as from excessive watering or, conversely, insufficient.

In a strong heat, give a lot curves fruits, that more often total is of-behind poor pollination.

To prevent this from happening, the bushes during flowering should be periodically shaken gently. In spite of the fact that pepper, like all Solanaceae, is self-pollinating, it needs normal air movement around the flower for normal pollination.

To be attacked by pests.

They just adore him! The most common are aphids, whitefly and mites. If the stage is initial, you can wash the plant with foam from Fairy (me, at least, this procedure has always helped). It is necessary to take a sponge, abundantly moisten it with foam and apply the latter to the plant so that it is covered with it from head to foot. Especially on the underside of the leaves. Pot with soil should be covered with a film. Leave the plant in foam for an hour, and then rinse with warm water under the shower. Wash well should also be the whole window. Tlja and the whitefly can be defeated at a time, but if a mite is wound up, it is also necessary to replace the top layer of soil in the pot. After this procedure, it is good to put the entire plant for a day in a large plastic bag. From high humidity, not only adults will die, but also their eggs.

✓ If you plan to grow peppers in pots for more than one year, then the first flowers should be removed so that the plant has time to grow stronger. Some varieties begin to form buds early, and the fruit that has been fastened can pull on all the nutrients.

Seeds of hot pepper can be purchased both in specialized stores, and can be harvested from the pods you like on your own. Those who love peppers "hot", especially appreciate the varieties brought from southern countries.

To obtain the seeds of seeds already reddish ripe pepper pods, without tearing, stand on the plant for another 10 days. Then they lay them out for a few days on the windowsill, until they are slightly cushioned. And only after that they cut and take out the seeds. After that they are dried for another 10-15 days and are put away for storage.

Reference by topic: Pepper at home - planting and care

✓ From personal experience

In the room conditions, fine red and orange peppers feel very good. I usually grow them as two-year-olds. But their purple-black relatives in general can be attributed to perennials. That all peppers had a beautiful shape, abundantly blossomed and gave better fruits, I regularly delete their stepsons, leaving only the main branches. At the end of the summer, so that all the fastened wits are ripe, pinch the tops. Wintering plants in spring must be transplanted into fresh soil and shorten the stretched shoots to a third.

© Natalia ZASTENKINA, agronomist and vegetable grower with experience Photo by Lyudmila Mogilevich

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Dacha with their own hands > Garden plants > Growing and caring for vegetables in the country > Pepper > Growing hot pepper at home

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4 Review (s)

  1. Tamara Tikhonova

    My passion for hot peppers began in 2011 year. By chance. Just saw on the Internet a photo of a pepper of unusual shape. I was wondering - there is such a miracle in fact or not. I started looking for sites and found. But with the desired variety, many others have also been sent, which they also wanted to grow. So gradually my collection began to fill up. There was no system in it and no. I buy seeds, I exchange with friends, also my pepper friends bring me, already knowing about my addiction. This activity was very exciting and addictive. I myself do not do selection of varieties, I try to bring something new.
    My goal is collecting.
    Very interesting, how many of them?
    Talk about peppers can endlessly. Many gardeners do not even realize that they are black, white, purple and even striped. And how beautiful they blossom! And purple and purple flowers. And there is no need to talk about the diversity of the forms of fruits.
    When I was just starting to collect my collection, it seemed to me that pepper was a very simple plant. Like most gardeners, my knowledge was limited to the usual "grandmother" Ogonok and hot pepper on the vegetable patch. But thanks to the inexhaustible possibilities of the Internet, I learned that even on the sharpness peppers are divided into groups. Each has its own degree of stiffness, which is determined by a special scale. Its author is American chemist Wilbur Scoville. With the Scoville Heat Units, the level of capsaicin, the element responsible for the burning taste, is lost. But this scale is only for red peppers, since capsaicin is contained only in them. Peppers of a different color are sharpened by other substances. I often ask, why so many peppers? I can only answer the question with a question: "What do they collect for?". In order to learn as much as possible about such a wonderful vegetable! Find out how many there are varieties of hot peppers.

    Reply
  2. Sincerely, Elena Karnakova, Irkutsk.

    Perchik - bright and burning
    Hot pepper in our gardeners culture is not particularly popular. On this, perhaps, there are reasons: for culinary purposes it is not required much of it-it is enough to buy a packet of ground red pepper-and enough for a long time, and to grow one's own, one must work hard. It takes a precious place in the greenhouse and can dust the sweet pepper, which also becomes acute.
    Once faced with such a problem, I did not grow hot pepper for a long time. But a few years ago, a friend gave me 5 seedling pieces, and I planted it in a greenhouse far away, about 10 m from the Bulgarian pepper. All autumn I admired bright beautiful bushes and now I respect him with respect for taste, favor, beauty and I must grow at least 15-20 pieces.
    Varieties of hot pepper a lot, but I mostly find the Falcon Beak. It does not occupy a place in the greenhouse, but it grows only in the street on beds or among flowers, but always in a sunny place.
    Sometimes in the autumn a few pepper bushes are transplanted into the greenhouse to a free place, so as to admire the red fruits longer.
    Many people think that in Siberia we do not get pepper on the beds. Of course, there are not many red fruits in street peppers, but just a couple of weeks the torn green pepper of the house blushes quickly right before our eyes. In a month you will not have any green.
    Beautiful scarlet pods are very decorative and all winter decorate our kitchen. Very effectively look bundles of dry peppers, suspended on the wall. It is believed that the substances contained in the fruits of pepper, increase appetite, cause a sense of emotional recovery and therefore help to cope with the winter longing. If you are not a fan of spicy dishes, even visually it is able to cheer up.
    Here he is, a burning pepper - a handsome, useful and kind assistant.
    In the spring I dry the pods in a coffee grinder and take the powder to the dacha. I use practically from all pests.
    * Mix with mustard powder and add to the holes when planting turnips, radishes, potatoes. A wirewalker does not like this treat, and the bear walks around.
    * It is useful to water cabbage with pepper from caterpillars diluted in water - a natural and harmless for the human body.

    Reply
  3. Oksana SAVINA, city of Murom

    Herbs with pepper
    Chili can be grown in the country. It is best in a greenhouse or a greenhouse where constant temperature and heat are maintained. We use hot pepper for canning, soup preparation, salads, second courses. Therefore, I certainly plant the bushes 10. Even dried pepper retains its taste for a long time.
    The cultivation technique of chili is similar to the technology of obtaining sweet pepper. Also soak the seeds in early February. It is important not to confuse these two species, so under the seedlings always put notes with the name of varieties. Plant the plants on the May holidays, but for chili cook a small separate greenhouse, so that when flowering there was no dusting, and the Bulgarian pepper did not acquire a sharp taste.
    In half a month after landing, and then every 2-3 weeks we feed the peppers races-0 ^% of complex mineral fertilizers. In July, begin to grow | The first fruits of green color, but while they are still bitter. On the bush | pepper ripens for a long time, therefore in the beginning of August we gather fruits and put them in a room. Here they mature, become red and acquire their sharp, rich taste.

    Reply
    • Anton

      Oksana, if you and your family love dishes with hot peppers, they can be
      grow all year round on the windowsill. I and my son adore sharp peppers,
      earlier simply bought in shop, but during any time there was a problem,
      most of the peppers purchased were not at all acute, and cost considerable
      money. As they say, the salvation of the drowning person is the work of the drowning man himself, and I
      decided to try to grow peppers on the kitchen sill. Bought seeds
      pepper Hai Fly, Dutch hybrid. He put two peppers in two pots in each. I built the lighting, and for the second year these peppers go to food, though every two or three days, depending on the season. But if I planted ten bushes, I would have enough for daily consumption. Try it, it's not a troublesome thing, a fresh, hot pepper all year round, and in winter nice green
      on the windowsill.

      Reply

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