Planning a plot - a mini park instead of a garden
Contents ✓
- ✓ Breakdown of the garden
- ✓ Selection of seedlings
- ✓ Dig on the conscience
- ✓ Nicety
- ✓ Garden styles - geometric or landscape
- ✓ "Construction" of the garden
- ✓ How much space do you need
- ✓ Ideal layout of the garden
- ✓ Layout in the garden
- ✓ The garden in the ornamental garden
- ✓ Detailed plan of the garden and the garden
How to plan on a site a garden, a kitchen garden and to arrange beds
The garden and orchard must meet the needs of their owners, that is, bring exactly as many fruits, berries and vegetables as necessary - no more and no less. A vegetable garden and a garden of the most modest sizes can bring the same benefits as large ones. The main thing is the correct approach to site planning.
For the garden, the most important thing is not to be in the shade, so fruit trees and shrubs are best planted in the southern or southeastern zone of the site. The eastern or southwestern part is less suitable, but acceptable. It is also important to develop and then consistently implement the general concept of the garden. There are many possible options: a garden can be, for example, a mini-park for picnics or the same park, but with a small garden with greenery and several fruit trees, or, conversely, an exemplary garden-garden with flower beds and a square. Here everything is decided by the preferences and lifestyle of the owners.
Breakdown of the garden
The beginning of everything is a clear plan, thanks to which trees will not obscure the house and will not be in an area unsuitable for fruit plants, for example, in the shade of buildings or under wires. High points of the site - a suitable place for berry bushes. In its lowest part, the highest trees should be planted. Near greenhouses and foundations of fruit crops should not be. This harms the root system and can cause stem burns from glass. Trees and shrubs are planted at the following distance from each other:
- apple trees - 3-4 m;
- pears - 2,5-3 m;
- plums - 2 m;
- cherries - not less than 2,5 m;
- gooseberries and currants - 1,5-1,8 m;
- raspberries and blackberries - 80 cm.
Experts advise taking into account the climate in general and the microclimate in particular: in unsuitable conditions, plants cannot be well. So, in Siberia, unlike the southern strip, gardens take root only in favorable microzones - on the southern slopes of hills protected from winds.
Selection of seedlings
It is believed that annual seedlings take root best. You can learn about the age of the tree by its appearance: the number of lateral shoots in annuals is small, and in biennial plants, the shoots are often more than three. The seedling trunk should be smooth, without growths and defects. The root system of a tree grown from a seed should be at least 30 centimeters long, developed and intact. In vegetatively obtained shoots, the root length is about 25 centimeters.
Dig on the conscience
If the owner does not plan to plant the plant immediately, then it should be purchased in a container, and not with open rhizomes. You can place the seedling from the container in a previously prepared pit at any time for a light cloudy weather.
Trees are planted in autumn, less picky shrubs can take root in spring. Tall trees — apple, cherry, plum, pear — need pits 1 * 1 * 0,8 m in size. For most shrubs, 0,6 * 0,6 * 0,6 m are sufficient. Dig a hole to the glue layer, which follows completely remove from under the roots, as it inhibits their growth, retaining moisture.
Nicety
In order not to inconvenience in the future, gooseberry bushes should be planted at a distance of 1,2 m in one row, and between rows should be at least 1,6 m. Currants tolerate the proximity of groundwater. Raspberries need space, solar heat and loose soil. Stone fruit plants are “capricious” and poorly fruitful if they are planted on acidic soil, and blueberries “rebel” on alkaline soil. An apple tree is suitable for neutral soil or land with a slight acidity.
Trees bearing fruit at the same time, experts advise planting nearby. Not far from each other, you can plant pears and mid-season apple trees, late apple and plum trees in the neighborhood, and cherries separately from everyone. It is believed that for a family of four ten fruiting trees are enough - two cherries, two pears, two plums and four apple trees.
Garden styles - geometric or landscape
You can cloak the garden in a regular (geometric) or landscape stylesconsidered basic. In the first embodiment, plants are planted symmetrically to the main axis of the composition. Distances between trees of the same species are the same, paths and rows are straight. The planting pattern of fruit trees can be rectangular, square or checkerboard.
Landscaping (natural) style is good for areas with depressions, natural irregularities, inconspicuous slopes. It allows you to plant trees in random order, use a variety of ornamental plants, apply imagination.
See also: How to make a beautiful garden - planning and setting up a garden with your own hands
"Construction" of the garden
The garden is formed according to the same principles. For vegetables and herbs, according to the famous agronomist and popularizer N.I. Kurdyumov, you need only 2,7 acres - this is more than enough for a family of five. In such a well-groomed area, you can grow a larger crop than on six acres half filled with weeds. If plants are grown in containers, even less space is needed. The author of the "Encyclopedia of a smart summer resident" advises the rest of the earth to be used for lawns, small flower beds, exotic or coniferous plants. In this case, an important role is played by convenient tracks leading not at right angles, but diagonally. They diverge around the site like rays, minimizing the path to the beds.
How much space do you need
When deciding what to plant in a personal garden, it is better to dwell on reasonable amounts of seedlings. If vegetables are not intended for sale, but only for the family, they will not need too many. Zucchini, peppers, tomatoes, cucumbers "work" for the gardener all season, so it is better not to overdo it with the planting of these plants. Another thing is carrots, beets, radishes, fruiting only once a season. Given the needs of households, they can take more space.
Ideal layout of the garden
Regardless of how big or small your garden is and what you decided to plant on it, success requires three conditions.
1. Sunlight. Most vegetables require at least 6-8 hours of direct sun. If they do not get enough light, they will not be able to bear fruit to the full and will be more susceptible to disease.
2. The abundance of water. You need watering any vegetables, especially in hot weather.
When plotting the garden plan, make sure that the beds are as close as possible to the water source.
3. Good soil. The lion's share of vegetables perfectly suits in a moist, well-drained and organic-rich land. To make it such help compost or peat.
When planning the site, it is advisable to place a garden near the house - it is easier and easier to collect fresh vegetables. The closest thing is to plant those plants that need more care than others, and further away you can place perennials, potatoes and pumpkins by running a water pipe there.
Reference by topic: Design, layout and design of a small plot and giving
Layout in the garden
Compact planting implies the creation of beds that are convenient to process and weed manually. Vegetable seedlings can be alternated with ornamental plants, and beds can be made in the form of rectangles or small squares (1 x 1 foot): abroad, this is called the "square foot method". Part of the beds should be adapted for the repeated planting of lettuce, radishes, green onions, carrots - this will make it possible to collect another crop at the end of the season.
The width of the bed should correspond to the type of plant. Root, cabbage and bush legumes will feel comfortable in the garden at a width of 1 meter. High tomatoes, melons, cucumbers, curling beans are planted on narrower beds about 60 cm wide. In the center, a trellis for a green wall is useful here. The bottom of this bed is intended for planting greens, lettuce, early carrots, peas and beets.
For those who do not need a garden, round beds are suitable. They can
look like islands of arbitrary height and shape width of 1-1,5 meters. On such an island you can establish a support for climbing plants. You can create a circular patch around the dried tree and put the plants on it.
The garden in the ornamental garden
If you think over the plan of the garden and the kitchen garden is not on an empty lot, and where the ornamental garden is already grown, the task for the owner becomes more difficult. Sacrificing beautiful plants for the sake of breaking up old-fashioned slender beds, very few people want, so it is better to compromise. The garden can also be made decorative and harmoniously fit it into the existing garden. For this it is necessary to adhere to several rules.
1. Do not break the garden at the end of a small plot. This will underscore its modest size. It is better to do this in the center: immediately at home or in the middle zone.
2. In the elongated gardens, the second option looks spectacular, if you envisage a partial separation of the zone from the orchard from the ornamental garden with evergreen walls, hedges of flowering bushes or lattices lined with lianas. On a site of the correct form the garden in the central zone needs to be issued in the form of a circle or several symmetrical sites.
See also: Planning a garden on the site
3. So that the garden does not violate the previous look of the garden, you need to arrange it as a series of flower beds - with Red borders, decorated accessories, located nearby paths. The beds can be broken right on the lawn and thus create a meadow garden with islands of beds. To do this, you need to mark the contours of the beds, remove the lawn grass from them and dig up. Then fill the free space with berry bushes and trees.
Detailed plan of the garden and the garden
In the clearing garden, the beds and fruit trees should occupy no more than half of the plot. The rest of the land is reserved for the lawn. Trees and shrubs, as mentioned above, love the light, so they need to be planted closer to the borders of the site. The beds should be located along an existing or specially created trail. It is better to give islets with vegetables and shrubs the same shape. In relation to the axis path, they should be arranged symmetrically: this way they will give the impression of a designer garden decoration. The shape of the islands should be associated with the style of the garden. It can be round, oval, triangular or have complex contours. For greater clarity, at the borders of the beds, you can plant undersized flowers - for example, marigolds or calendula.
Another version of the design approach to business is the design of the garden as a series of flower beds. For this purpose, if the beds are large, a sheared boxwood border is suitable, and for small ones - border plants, special stones, miniature fences.
In the center of the flower garden, you can plant a flowering plant, such as a rose bush, and arrange vegetables around. In this case, only a few fruit trees can be planted - the emphasis should be on the beds.
Next to such a garden, if you wish, you can create a recreation area, put a garden bench or trellises for climbing plants - vines, clematis, crops such as cucumbers, pumpkin or beans. This will make your garden harmonious and unique.
Below other entries on the topic "Dacha and garden - with their own hands"
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- Rabatka with own hands - an example of registration and planting flowers
- The color scheme of the garden - plants and compositions
- Flowers in a hanging basket - what to choose and plant and how to decorate the flower arrangement
- Do-it-yourself wicker willow + video
- What plants can decorate a garden or flower garden with your own hands?
- Mulch for a flower garden - which is better?
- Options for creating very beautiful flower beds (planting plan + design)
- Trees and shrubs with variegated foliage - photos, names and descriptions
- How to create a low-maintenance budget garden - investing in beauty on your site
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In order to plan everything clearly and conveniently, take a sheet of paper and draw your beds, and then write, mark, where and what they intend to plant. It does not matter how your plan will look: bright and colorful on a computer monitor or drawn with a simple pencil on a piece of paper in a box or a graph paper. The main thing is that it should be considered.
• It is important to plan annually to take into account crop rotation, plant compatibility, best predecessors and individual characteristics.
• Plant only the planned one. Perhaps the harvest will not be good enough. Correctly on it react: do not expand the area, search for other ways of increase in a crop.
• Use crop yield tables of different crops, reset 30-50% to inexperience and bad weather, you will get a real number of products that will grow in autumn in your garden.
• The number of beds will decrease every year, and not because you have become more lazy. Simply experience will help in a smaller area to grow more, and the work will be less.
• An aspiring gardener should not overload the garden with too many crops. Concentrate on the main ones: potatoes, onions, carrots, beets, garlic, cabbage, tomatoes, cucumbers, radish, parsley, greens. For beginners, who do not yet understand the crookedness of crop rotation, I advise you to simply remember that during 2-3 years you can not grow the same crop in the same crop.
• If you have limited space, you can extend your vegetable season by planting early, medium and late harvest species.
Much depends on whether you come to the cottage for the weekend or live permanently, as well as on the tool, the height of the beds and the attitude. You also need to pay attention to fertilizers - remember where, what and how much to pour.
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A decorative garden is very beautiful, especially when it is in the picture. But in life this does not work out: either flowers or vegetables. Although, as follows from this letter, there are pleasant exceptions to the rules!
I have a very small plot - only 3 hundred parts, a small house and two greenhouses are placed on it. You understand that there is almost no land left under the beds. But I want to grow both vegetables and my favorite flowers! And this is what I came up with. In order to save land, I decided to plant flowers for garden crops. For example, tulips began to be planted directly on strawberries. They do not interfere with each other. Also with flyers. 4-5 rows of the main culture, and then a groove for flowers. As soon as vegetables appeared, I plant seedlings of flowers so as not to accidentally plant flowers on top.
Garden classics
Along the perimeter of the carrot beds I always plant marigolds. And around cabbage and potatoes - nasturtium. These two flowers in the garden are indispensable - and beauty until the end of summer, and pests scare away. My flowers are not only neighbors, they are also predecessors of vegetables. In early spring, when the greenhouse is empty, the vegetables here are still cold, and I grow seedlings here.
Border of bottles
I equipped the flower bed with bottles. She collected them all winter, then dug two-thirds into the ground. The result was elegant flowerbeds, especially they shine beautifully after the rain. Of course, you can buy a beautiful plastic border, but I'm a pensioner, I save as much as I can.
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Planning a site
It is very important to plan the plot correctly, because later, when much is built and planted, it is already difficult to change something.
Do not plant trees and high bushes near the house, it is better to place them along the border of the site. At the house you can break flower beds. Climbing plants are well placed near the fence, which can become a support for them. It is especially convenient to plant grapes. Even with the help of climbing plants, you can decorate the veranda, gazebo. While the trees are young, you can plant berries and vegetables under them, and when they grow up, the beds will have to be moved to another place.