Creating the best conditions for tomatoes
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How to create optimal conditions for growing tomatoes
In order to make tomato happy with the rich and vitamin harvest, it is necessary to create suitable conditions for it.
Southern origin affected the biological characteristics of tomato. He is demanding of temperature, lighting, moisture, mineral composition of the soil and, of course, fertilizers. Only under conditions of compliance with all its requirements can we hope for a really good harvest,
The growing season (from shoots to biological or seed ripeness of fruits) is very long and, depending on the variety and growing conditions, is from 82 to 125 and more days.
See also: Cultivation of tomatoes in "changeable" climatic conditions
The best soil for tomatoes
Soil tomatoes prefer loose, light, well-cultivated, fertile, with a pH of 5,5-7 This is a loam with an admixture of impoverish and humus. On soils with a strong acidity (pH 4,5 and below), tomatoes develop poorly.
Surpluses of lime and ash in the soil are very dangerous: they can cause starvation of plants or even their death. Therefore, it is necessary to use these mineral substances only on acid soils (in recommended doses) and not on sandy loams
How much water does tomato need?
Tomato is a moisture-loving crop, although on soils with a high moisture capacity it is better than other vegetable plants to tolerate drought. The greatest demand for water is noted about the seedling period and at the time of formation of the ovaries and the filling of fruits. The lack of moisture during the vegetative phase causes the fall of the ovaries, the twisting of the leaves, small fruiting, and the disease of the fruits with vertebral rot.
However, tomato negatively reacts to the overmoistening of soil and air. Especially dangerous is the excess moisture in the air during flowering: the flowers do not properly pollinate and do not form fertilizer ovaries
What kind of fertilizer tomatoes need for a high yield
Tomatoes need abundant litany, since they form a huge amount of raw mass per unit area, consisting of 734 of fruits and 274 tops.
It is necessary to timely replenish the supply of nutrients in the soil through the joint application of organic and mineral fertilizers. Of organic, the best are humus (completely decomposed manure) and mature com-posts that have the appearance of a dark friable earth. You can make them in autumn and spring.
Mineral fertilizers are introduced in the spring. Under the mats can be applied as simple (in complex), and complex (one of the types).
Reference by topic: The best temperature for a tomato
Lighting for tomatoes
Tomato plants are photophilous at all stages of development, but they are especially sensitive to the intensity of illumination during the laying of reproductive organs - in the phase of seedlings and during flowering.
Therefore, after germination, it is necessary to ensure the optimum illumination - 20000 lux.
For tomatoes, the following lighting mode is offered: 16 hours - light, 8 hours - darkness. The lack of light in the spring should be compensated by additional lighting - fluorescent lamps with an installed power of 160-240 W / m2. In the summer months, the number of hours of sunshine in the middle belt is quite enough to produce high yields.
Temperature conditions
The optimum temperature for seed germination is 20-25 C, the minimum is 8-15 C. After the emergence of seedlings, the daytime temperature of 20-25 C in sunny weather and 15-18 on cloudy days is considered the best for the growth and development of plants, and 10-12 at night.
The soil temperature should be constant within 18-20 # С, at a temperature below 10'С the root system does not function.
Air temperature below 10 С has a retarding effect on the life of tomato, and a prolonged exposure in these conditions leads to the death of plants.
Critical temperature for normal fruit setting 13-15C.
Too high temperatures are also dangerous: when plant ЗЗ С plant growth is delayed, and above 35 С flowering and fruiting, the ovaries fall.
Below other entries on the topic "Dacha and garden - with their own hands"
- The best temperature for a tomato
- What kind of tomato to plant - reflections
- Varieties of tomatoes for the Bryansk region - my reviews and description
- Planting scheme for tomatoes 4x5 - my reviews
- Formation of tomatoes: Advice from a specialist to A to Z
- Cultivation of early-maturing tomatoes in a greenhouse
- Tomato cheat sheet - continued (part 7 + fight against mining moth)
- Varieties of black tomatoes - photo, name, description
- Brad's Atomic Grapes and Other Tomato Varieties - Description and My Reviews
- Green tomatoes (green-fruited) - varieties, photos, name and description
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Last year, I was pleased with the excellent harvest of tomatoes. The reason, I think, in the old recipe for feeding, which the acquaintance shared.
In a glass of warm water you must dissolve 5 g of dry yeast, let them brew 1 an hour. Then add to them 5 l of water, pour in 0,5 glass of sugar and 1 a glass of wood ash. Stir, put in a warm place for 3 days for fermentation.
Then dilute 1 cup of this infusion with 10 liters of water, mix and water the tomatoes with the resulting solution - 1 liter for each bush. At the same time, it is desirable that top dressing does not fall on the leaves.
The secret is that yeast has the richest composition of microelements, activating the growth of plants and strengthening resistance to diseases. But since the fermentation process absorbs a lot of potassium, we also fill it with ashes.
That's all the wisdom. If you feed tomatoes in this way every 15 days, the result will not take long.
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Tomatoes are grown in the open ground and seedling for quenching back in April in the stage of 3-4-x real leaves dive into a small outdoor hotbed, shedding before it the soil for heating with boiling water. On low arches I throw 2-3 layer of film, at cooling I cover also with old coverlets. When seedlings take root in this breeding ground, I feed it with complex fertilizer (according to instructions). At the end of May strong hardened tomatoes are placed in a permanent place.