We choose plants for a pond in the country

The coolness and freshness of the pond attracts us on a hot summer day, the quiet noise of the waterfall or the soft whisper of the fountain caress the ears.

Here, by the water, in silence and tranquility, you can hide from the bustle of everyday life, enjoy heartfelt talk or spend time in unity with nature and yourself. Exotic blooming of nymphs reminds of a pleasant rest in warm countries, and the feeding of goldfish will entice both children and adults

Modern requirements for the construction of reservoirs include two main indicators - practicality of use and beauty. Every year the idea of ​​creating a bio-pool or swimming bio-pond is gaining popularity.

In such water bodies there is a water garden and a place for swimming. To clean the water in them, chemistry is not used, and the filter function is performed by plants. As a result, water becomes soft and disinfected. Plants in the regeneration zone are planted in small gravel or sand, they are allowed to grow freely, form water thickets. The more intensive this zone is planted, the better the biofilter will work.

The desire to maintain the purity and transparency of water makes it necessary to improve existing and develop new technologies for the construction of a reservoir and its purification. At present, this is a combination of mechanical, biological and physico-chemical stages of purification. However, we can conclude that the means of chemical cleaning are increasingly giving way to biological filters from plants.

A classic decorative pond is still popular. As a rule, it means the device of a stream, a hill or a waterfall, through which the water, passed through the filter, returns to the pond.

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To design its shores, a pebble dump, textured stones, landscape groups from various plants are used. If desired, you can run decorative fish into the pond. A special task in the construction of an artificial decorative reservoir is to create a frame that will look most natural. To achieve this result, the design and design of the future pond must be thought out at the project stage.

GROUPS OF PLANTS FOR WATER

Aquatic plants are divided into groups depending on the planting sites and the depth of their growing zone.

On planted plants that do not require disembarkation into the water; these are ornamental grasses, some herbaceous perennials, shrubs.

As a rule, plants that can tolerate short-term underflooding are chosen. Their main role is to emphasize the beauty of the shore line, to link this zone with the overall picture of the entire garden.

The second group is plants that are planted in the shallow zone of the pond.

Their roots are in the ground underwater at a depth of 10-50 cm. These include irrigated marsh, reed, cattail, sedge, shepherd, arrowhead, pontoderia, umbrella umbrella, etc.

The next group of plants suitable for landing in the deepest places. The zone for growing such plants is at a depth of 80 cm. These include a nymphaeum (water lily), a yellow egg capsule, and a swamp-leaved swamp flower (nymphaeum) - their leaves and flowers adorn the water surface. Oxygenating plants also live under water. They grow in the ground at a considerable depth (Elodea, cirrus leafis, river mayak). The last group of aquatic plants - floating on the surface of the water and at the same time not fixed in the ground. These include excellent ejhornia (water hyacinth), a flycatcher floating (or water chestnut), and piston floating (water cabbage).

SILICON PLANTS FOR POND

Shallow-water plants are perhaps the most diverse group. They are used for planting in areas of regeneration and bioplato. When choosing an assortment, it is important to evaluate their stability, growth rate, decorative qualities. The most suitable plants for planting in this zone are cattail narrow-leaved, cattail broadleaf, iris swamp, reed lake, calamus swamp, all types of coastal

sedge, southern reed, plantain cassowa, cereal arrow, cereal branch, sword-mesh. Very interesting look decorative forms of shallow plants. For example, the variegate form of the aura of the marsh has a narrow green leaf with a bright white longitudinal stripe. A variegate form of reed southern is notable for a pronounced yellow stripe on the leaf blade.

Bulrush lake Zebrinus is an elegant unpretentious plant with transverse white stripes. Landing areas of shallow plants are covered with fertile heavy soil, decorated with a pebble dump from above.

There is also a technology for planting these plants in fine gravel or coarse sand. With this method of placing plants, less nutrients enter the water, which significantly reduces the intensity of algae reproduction. The optimal time for planting plants is until the end of July. This will allow the plants to take root well and prepare for winter. Representatives of this group winter well right in the reservoir, freezing into the ice.

DEEP DEVELOPMENT FOR WATER

The group of deep-sea plants includes the most striking representatives of aquatic plants - nymphaea (water lilies). The variety of varieties is surprising. Dwarf and medium-sized forms are suitable for small ponds, silnoroshnye decorate natural ponds with massive curtains, ponds with a large area of ​​the water mirror.

Representatives of dwarf varieties of nymphs are 'Pygmaea Alba' with white flowers; `Pygmaea Helvola` with pale yellow flowers slightly raised above the water; `Pygmaea Rubra` with a rich red middle and pale blurry extreme flower petals; 'Perry's Baby Red'c with dark red terry flowers, as well as Aurora delicate salmon buds. There are a lot of medium-sized varieties of nymphs.

The most stable varieties with pink flowers in the middle and central strip are 'Madame Wilfron Gonnere', 'Marliacea Rosea', 'Hollandia'.

All of them have a delicate pleasant aroma. Winter-hardy mid-sized varieties of white nymphs: 'Gonnere' - snow-white terry, 'White Sensation' - one of the largest flowering. Yellow and peach flowers have 'Marliacea Chromatella', 'Yellow Sensation', 'Colorado'.

Red nymphaea - a bright accent of the water garden; small ponds will decorate the nymphs 'Attraction', 'Burgundy Princess', 'James Brydon'. Large water lilies are more suitable for natural reservoirs, as their rhizome, actively growing, quickly occupies a container. These are varieties Alba ', Tuberosa Richardsonii. For lush flowering, nymphs need annual fertilizing with mineral fertilizers. Strongly overgrown specimens are divided and updated every 4-5 years. Nymphaeas winter only below the level of freezing.

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IN WATER FREQUENTLY

There are also plants that conduct a complete cycle of life in the water column. This Elodea dense, elodea nayas, mayaak river, peristolistnik. The main function of these plants in the pond is the release of oxygen in the process of photosynthesis. Within a few years, these oxygenators are expanding, forming underwater thickets, in which the fry successfully hide.

Floating plant ayhorniya excellent (water hyacinth) has unusual leaves, in which there are air cavities. In warm water intensively grows, in sunny weather blooms with blue flowers. In the pond does not hibernate.

Floating flyweed (chili, or water chestnut) - a beautiful star on the surface of the water. In the middle of summer, a long underwater root begins to grow, which is fixed in the ground by autumn, and wintering. Propagated by seeds. Floating pistia (water cabbage) is more like an aquarium plant, but in warm sunny weather it feels great in a garden pond.

It is used as an annual culture.

Plants of this group shade the thickness of water, thereby reducing the passage of sunlight. As a result, the intensity of algae reproduction decreases. They also reduce the water content of nitrates and phosphates, which serve as food for algae.

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WATER PLANTS - TIPS, REVIEWS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

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Landscaping of a reservoir - what plants and where to plant?

How wonderful to sit in the morning on the lake with a cup of coffee!

Or to talk with friends, admiring the children splashing in the water, to admire the water lilies fluttering on the watery surface. Many draw in imagination such idyllic pictures. But not everyone decides to implement them, considering the creation and landscaping of the pond as an impossible task.

In fact, creating a pond in the garden is not as difficult as it seems. It can be a small container with aquatic plants or a chic bioprud.

But in order for your "water body" to please the eye, you need to properly choose plants for it that will harmonize with each other, maintain the purity of water. The huge variety of plants for a pond opens up enormous opportunities, but at the same time creates no less difficulties.

When selecting plants for a water body, it is important to take into account: the depth of planting; degree of illumination of the reservoir; qualitative indicators of water; natural or artificial water body; the presence of a current in it; rate of growth of plants.

DEPTH OF LANDING

This is the main feature of aquatic plants, which must be taken into account. An over-planted plant will rot.

In order for the reservoir to function normally, the plants were healthy and the water did not bloom, it is necessary to plant plants from each group. You can do without plants. floating on the water surface.

But oxygen generators are a group of plants, without which a reservoir is impossible. These plants, completely submerged in water, synthesize oxygen and saturate the reservoir with it, providing. thus the normal functioning of all its inhabitants. These are, for example, pondweed, Canadian elodea, two-headed aponogeton, water pine, aloe-like teloperez, uruti.

IN THE SHADOW OR THE SUN

Water plants, like everyone else, need varying degrees of illumination. But there is one fundamental difference: since they have unlimited access to water, which itself absorbs a lot of sunlight, most of them perfectly tolerate full sun, but the shadow does not like everything. But this is not a reason to abandon the lake in the shade.

For such reservoirs, care is simpler, less danger of "flowering water" (blue-green algae also need light). It is important only to pick plants that in nature prefer shady corners.

For such a lake perfectly suited: aloe-like telomeres (1 group); water pine, some pondy (2 group); yellow eggplant, bristle-brittle marsh (3 group); Amur mountaineer, small-flowered shepherd (group 4a); watch three-leaved, horsetail hibernating (group 4); various varieties of the Kaluga marshland, onoculum sensitive marsh variegate (group 4c); all kinds of ferns, astilba. hosts, buzulniki, verbeynik coin, Volzhanka, dummera and much more (5 group).

If the lake is located on a sunny spot, this opens up unlimited possibilities in the choice of plants. Let's name only the most popular ones.

The first group is suitable for water hyacinth (eichornia), aloe-shaped telestheses, layered pistia; from oxygenerators - uruti, rdestas, elodea, aponogetones; deep-water - yellow egg, all types and varieties of nymphs (water lilies) only with regard to the variety requirements for the depth of planting in water.

Of the near-water (group 4a), the panthederia is heart-shaped, the head is straight, the arrowheads, alsma (chastuha) are small-flowered.

Group 4b can be represented by marsh calf, all varieties of marsh and Siberian irises, hautuynia hearty, loosestrife loosestrife. From group 4c, one can choose a sleeve gunner, wintering horsetail, sedge palmifolia, needle-faced synet; and from the 5th - lyatris, window sills, buzulniki, daylilies.

All aquatic plants can be divided into the following groups:

1. - floating on the water surface;
2. - Oxygen generators (underwater plants);
3. - deep water;

4. - near-water (coastal deep-sea - 20-60 cm), 4 - near-water marsh (10-30 cm);

4c. - near-water (coastal shallow - 0-10 cm); 5 - moisture-loving, grow well in a humid environment.

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WATER HYACINTH - SECRETS OF LANDING AND CARE

In our pond) adjacent to the water lilies is Eichhornian thistle, or water hyacinth, - a spectacular perennial from the South American tropics. Shiny leaves are collected in an original outlet and always afloat. Eichornia produces high peduncles, on which lilac inflorescences, similar to orchid butterflies, flaunt.

A copy purchased at the store was planted at the end of May in a large container. The soil mixture was prepared from humus, river sand and lake silt, mixed in equal parts.

Eichornia loves open sunny areas, is sensitive to cooling.

It actively vegetates during the summer and is capable of producing up to one hundred new “daughters” in a month. But it cannot turn into a "green plague", as in its homeland, due to a different climate.

Nevertheless, I cut the petioles immediately, as soon as the daughter processes (they can propagate the plant) produce several leaves.

NOTICE Water hyacinth perfectly cleans the pond. But its juice is poisonous, therefore, when working with a flower, be careful.

In winter, 2-3 young sockets I relocate to a home aquarium with white backlight, located at the south window in a warm room. On the advice of experienced gardeners, I use a ring float. With its help, the roots of the plant are in water, and the leaves do not touch the surface of the water (otherwise they can rot).

© Author: Victor ROSSIYSKIY

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PLANTING INTO A POND - MASTER CLASS

The end of spring and the first half of summer is the best time for planting aquatic plants. If the bottom of the pond has a film coating, or it is made of a special shape, a bath, then the plants in it can only grow in containers or mesh baskets

To make the pond look beautiful, the area of ​​\u15b\u20bwater covered by the leaves of plants should occupy no more than half of the surface. For large ponds, varieties with plants with a flower diameter of 50-100 cm and a planting depth of 10 to 40 cm are suitable. Each such plant can occupy an area of ​​​​2 to XNUMX mXNUMX in a reservoir.

For small reservoirs, there are dwarf varieties with flowers with a diameter of 5-10 cm, they occupy an area of ​​1-2 m2, and the planting depth is from 10 to 25 cm.

1. It is necessary to start planting aquatic plants quickly, since their leaves cannot be without water for a long time, so we prepare everything you need in advance: a container or basket, soil, fertilizers, a scoop, a pruner, a knife for dividing large plants), small stones (gravel or crushed stone) , twine or fishing line.
2. We cover the basket with large cells with burlap or thin non-woven material. If the cells are small, it is not necessary to cover them.
3. We prepare the soil: mix clay with peat in a ratio of 2: 1, add a little (about 5-10 g per plant) fertilizers (bone meal, lime-potassium or slowly soluble granular complex), mix. The soil must be damp.
4. We remove dead parts from plants. If the bush is large, divide it into several parts. Until planting, plants should be stored in a plastic bag or a bucket of water - drying out the leaves is detrimental to them.

5. We pour the soil at the bottom of the basket, put the plant on it, straighten the roots and fill it with soil to the level of the root collar. We compact the soil around the plant well.
6. We fill the surface with pebbles with a layer of 2-3 cm.
7. We tie a thick fishing line or twine that does not rot in the water to the basket in 3-4 places in order to lower the plants to the desired depth, then raise them. We bring the ends of the twine to the shore of the reservoir and decorate with stones.
8. Slowly lower the basket with the plant into the water, trying not to wash out or stir up the soil.
9. Initially, we place the plant shallow, for which we put the basket in shallow water or substitute stones under it. As the plants grow, we lower them to the required depth.

© Author: Elena Kolesnikova, plant collector, author of books on floriculture

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PLANTS - USEFUL DECORATIONS

Supplementing a decorative pond with aquatic plants is a solution that is not only right from an aesthetic point of view. Algae form a biobalance and are an important part of the ecosystem.

On the banks of the pond, you can place a gazebo, a barbecue area, a fountain, and make decorative lighting. If the pond is of sufficient width and depth, ornamental fish can be settled in the water, but the main decoration of the pond or reservoir is plants.

WATER ZONING SCHEME

1. Coastal area for planting near-water plants. Suitable plants: ornamental onions, irises, hostas, ferns, marsh geraniums.

2. Area of ​​marsh plants. Suitable crops: calamus, marsh, common, calla, loosestrife, cattail, bulrush, horsetail.

3. Zone of aquatic plants. Depth-up to 40 cm. Suitable crops: loosestrife, lobelia, taro.

4. Zone of nymphs and water lilies. Suitable crops: water lilies, hornwort, egg capsules, marsh flower, lotus.

5. Zone of oxygen generators Depth - 120 cm Suitable plants: elodea, tail, vodokras.

6. surface plants.

Suitable crops: Pistia, rogulnik, hyacinth, salvinia, azolla.

PLANTS FOR THE POND

The plants that adorn the shores are of different forms: trees, shrubs, herbs and flowers. They are much less demanding in care, however, when choosing, you should still take into account several conditions.

So, plants should be moisture-loving, have a small height, do not grow too much. Of the flowers, it can be recommended to plant various varieties of hydrangeas on the shore of the pond. Moisture-loving herbs include ornamental sedge, lightning. Among the shrubs that grow well near the water, one can distinguish decorative varieties of elderberry. If the area of ​​\uXNUMXb\uXNUMXbthe site does not allow decorating the pond with large trees, you can place tubs or pots with boxwoods and junipers along the shore.

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PLANTS FOR A RESERVOIR - VIDEO

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