Arrangement of a site on a slope - a variant of a lay-out + retaining walls
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Plot on the slope - development and plan
The villa, located on the slope, looks impressive: the terrain gives the garden a unique beauty, gives ample opportunities for realization of unusual ideas for the layout of the site.
As an example to follow, Italian and Greek gardens, located on the slopes of hills and mountains, are especially famous - here is a storehouse of interesting landscape solutions.
Design Features
Organize the space on the rough terrain helps to retain walls, giving a complex landscape a special charm. These carefully designed, expensive, durable, stable and heavy engineering structures withstand enormous loads: the lateral pressure of the soil and the hydrostatic pressure caused by groundwater accumulating behind the wall.
In addition to these loads, physical forces act on the retaining wall: the weight of the structure and decorative elements, the adhesion to the soil, frictional force, seismic phenomena (taking into account the peculiarities of the region), vibration (if a railway passes nearby), soil swelling in winter; strong wind (for walls with a height of more than 2 m), undermining rainwater.
The height of the retaining wall is chosen depending on the height difference of the site. On the plan, the retaining walls are designated by a double line indicating the marks of the top and the bottom of the wall at characteristic points along its length.
The difference between the top and bottom marks is the height of the retaining wall at a given point. To protect traffic along the path or the site, along the upper edge of the retaining wall (with a height of more than 1 m), fences of at least 0,9 m height are made. When calculating the retaining wall thickness, the type of soil and the height of the structure are taken into account.
Depending on the goals and objectives, the options for placing the retaining walls are different. The dimensions of the structural elements are determined by the designer, studying the climatic features, the results of the analysis of soils and the hydrological regime, the load on the structure, analyzing possible constructive solutions, figuring out which materials are suitable for application in specific conditions.
See also: Garden on the slope and terracing
Terracing
Powerful retaining walls made of concrete or stone are serious structures that protect the yard on the pronounced relief of the site. Designs help to use the relief to good use.
Variants of vertical planning divide the site into several sections (terraces) with horizontal levels fixed by the support: the slope turns into a multi-storey section resembling steps.
Moving from one terrace to another, retaining walls beautifully beat the terrain; at the interval of constructions, cottage elements (arbors, pools) are located, fruit and ornamental trees and shrubs are planted. Having poured a small layer of fertile soil, they organize a garden on the terraces, set up a garden, create picturesque compositions - flower beds, cascading ponds, rockeries, secluded recreation areas. Buildings (arbor, pergola) are built on wider terraces. On a slightly hilly plot, a single-tier structure is sufficient.
OUR REFERENCE
Retaining walls - an ideal option for structures for areas with large relief differences, which keeps the slopes of embankments and excavations from collapsing.
Vertical planning is an engineering measure to artificially change, transform and improve an existing terrain for use in construction and landscaping.
Practical
The arrangement of the retaining wall when the dacha is located on a hill, close to the steep bank of a reservoir, ravine is a technical necessity. Retaining walls for the purpose are divided into two types: reinforcing and decorative.
Reinforcing - capital engineering structures that equip the problem area, holding and preventing soil from creeping and collapsing on a slope. Their practical use: water retention on the relief with differences of more than half a meter, the direction of flows along the necessary path.
When terracing the natural slope, increase the useful area, divide the dacha into functional zones.
Aesthetically
Decorative retaining walls - beautiful fences, which perform only an architectural and artistic function: their decoration ennobles the exterior of the villa, decorating even a flat or flat plot. When choosing their designs and finishes, take into account the terrain and the size of the site, the style, the characteristics of the villa architecture, personal preferences of the owners.
Adding additional volume and grandeur to the garden, retaining walls significantly increase its cost. The beauty of the retaining wall is attached to its shape. Paying attention to the design, they take into account that the broken and smooth lines of constructions are more difficult to build, but they look more beautiful, plus they withstand a greater load than the walls of a straight form.
The retaining walls help to create elevated places for planting plants, for example, in high groundwater, or to protect the root system of existing plantations when removing soil from the site.
Reference by topic: The device of a garden, a site on a slope
Hillside plot - plan
© Author: M.Grigoryeva
Below other entries on the topic "Dacha and garden - with their own hands"
- Veranda at the dacha with their own hands - instruction and photo of the building
- The sewage system by one's own hands (and at the same time the compost pit)
- Construction of a frame house with their own hands in the country
- We warm the dacha with our own hands - choose a heater. Types, characteristics, cost
- Toilet in the dacha with my own hands from A to Z
- How to make a shelter in the country
- Do-it-yourself round barbecue in a summer house - a feminine look at construction
- How to make a composter yourself
- How to build a cottage from the bar with your own hands - photo and instruction
- Summer cottage all year round - we change the dacha into a cottage for permanent residence
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Our country plot has a big slope. We decided to slightly level its relief, but at the same time improve it and make it more convenient for movement.
First we removed the territory from rubbish, stones, weed removed. Then the square was divided into squares. For this, wooden pegs were used, and they were fastened with ropes at an altitude of about 10 cm. After that, it became immediately clear where and how much land should be removed, and where, on the contrary, sprinkled. With the help of shovels, we cut off the excess or added the missing. It was not an easy task, but since the site is not very big, we coped.
To the bottom of the site the embankment did not collapse, we decided to fix it with a decorative wall. For this purpose we built a timbering from boards (similar constructions are used for house foundations). There first, sand was poured, then metal reinforcement was laid, poured rubble, poured with concrete. When the solution seized, we overlaid the wall with a decorative stone.
In the middle of the support wall, there was a space for the stairs so that it would be easy to climb up the site. First, a small semicircular pad made of concrete was made. When the solution froze, the second step was built on top in a similar manner, but smaller in size. Then they made the third step. To make the staircase look aesthetically pleasing, it was decorated with the same decorative stone as the supporting wall.