Growing beans: sowing and grooming (agronomist advice)
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How to grow beans - and a vegetable and a good predecessor
Like all beans, the bean lives in symbiosis with nodule bacteria, which allows it not only to provide itself with nitrogen to a large extent, but also to store it in the soil. And this means that it is an excellent predecessor for most cultures.
Distinguish the bush bean (height to 40-60 cm), semi-scanned (60-1S0 cm) and curling (reaches 5 m).
Preparation for sowing
Beans prefer well-cultivated, drained, medium and light soils. Does not like clay, swim and acidic soils. Preferably, the groundwater table is below 1,5 m. The site should be well lit and protected from wind.
If the soil is medium or heavy, you can make phosphorus-potash and organic fertilizers or 0,5 buckets of compost from autumn with 30-50 g of wood ash. If the soil is light, then it is better to apply fertilizers to avoid washing away nutrients from them in the spring.
Seeds before sowing should be sorted out, getting rid of wrinkled, and soak overnight in water for swelling.
Sowing beans
For sowing in the garden, make grooves or holes deep 5 cm, in which poured warm water, sow 3-5 beans, sprinkled with soil and watered again. The bed is immediately mulched or covered with a spunbond.
When emergence emerges and there is no threat of nocturnal frosts, mulch or shelter is removed. You can at first open the garden only for a day.
For frizzy varieties pre-installed supports.
Note
The national landmark for determining the time of sowing beans - flowering chestnut.
See also: Cultivation of asparagus beans (photo) - my advice and feedback
Beans - what care?
Leaving consists in fight against weed vegetation, regular cultivation of row-spacings, top dressing and watering. Watering is best in the morning under the root of the plants, avoiding getting on the leaves, as this contributes to the development of fungal diseases. The criterion for irrigation is soil moisture to the depth of the root layer. In the absence of precipitation, this should be done at least once a week and most abundantly during flowering and ovary formation.
The first fertilizing is carried out after 35-45 days after sowing. For this, you can use any complex fertilizer or an infusion of ash -120 g (glass) in the evening to dissolve in a bucket of water and let it brew. Then, stirring constantly, pour into previously prepared grooves, which immediately sprinkled. After three weeks, "lunch" to repeat.
Fighting diseases and pests
The main pests of beans are slugs, to control which you can use the ash scattered around the plants. And in the “battle” with scoops, autumn tillage will help.
Anthraxosis and bacteriosis are annoying from diseases. With it, they struggle by spraying with copper-containing preparations, "Fitosporin M", which in spring and after reaching 10-12 shoots the treatment is carried out. It is repeated after harvesting.
See also: Varieties of beans - new and better
Harvest
To harvest beans for winter or for seeds, harvesting is carried out only after full ripening of the pods, when they dry up. The bean bush is cut to the very root and suspended for two weeks in a warm aired room until full maturation. Ideal for this is the attic. After the beans are extracted from the pods and, removing the underdeveloped or damaged grains, store in a dark dry place in a glass container.
On seeds it is necessary to take 2-3 lower pod, from which the largest and most beautiful beans are left for storage. They retain their germination capacity up to 10 years.
Council
The roots and root system of the beans, after harvesting, should remain in the ground, and in the autumn it should be dug to enrich the soil with nitrogen.
101 bean variety
Beans are unpretentious in growing, yielding good yields even in cold climates. In my collection there is already 101 bean variety. With great pleasure I am acquiring new varieties of this wonderful culture in order to diversify my menu with tasty and nutritious dishes.
Since the bean is a heat-loving plant, all-I / I let it light a well-lit area with fertile soil for it. Under this culture, I do not add fresh manure and nitrogen fertilizers, they contribute to the development of a powerful vegetative mass of plants. This means that there will be many scapula, but their maturation will slow down. And since I am engaged in seed production, it is not in my interests.
If you plan to collect beans during the technical ripeness phase, the site can be fertilized with fresh manure.
I sow the beans from the 1st to the 3rd decade of May. For bush varieties I use a nesting method with a distance between plants 40-50 cm, but large-grain varieties (Aureka, Nata, Riposto, Vesta, KaRo, Kontra, Blanka, Felicia, Fayas Yas) are sown in nests at a distance of 50-60 cm, 2-3 seed per well. Seeding depth 3-4 see
Curly varieties of beans I grow on trellis, a fence and extreme rows of corn. Also across the beds I make the chopping five shallow round trenches with a diameter of 2,5 m, leaving between each circle a distance of 1 m. In trenches every 40 cm I make holes into which I sow the seeds of 3-4 sorts of curly beans. In the center of each circle I dig in a metal pipe or a wooden stake (height 3 m), and the old bicycle wheel completes the construction.
When the bean will ascend, near each plant with a wooden peg I fix one end of the twine, and the second - I tie to the bicycle wheel. In this way, the bean whips curl up the twine and in summer turn this design into a vibrant multicolored "tent".
Care for beans is quite simple. So that the soil does not form a crust, I regularly loosen rows between rows. If possible, try to cover up the garden. Mulch perfectly preserves moisture in the soil, which can reduce the number of watering.
It is also advisable to fertilize the plants with mullein or infusion from kuryak before flowering plants. I noticed that the winding sorts of beans are especially good for such feeding. I do not apply chemical preparations on my site.
Harvesting the beans is carried out as the beans mature. The bush bean varieties ripen together, so I remove all the scapula at the same time.
Blades of curly varieties are collected selectively, as they mature. All varieties are stacked separately and each of them is signed. Every year I grow at least 50 varieties of beans and necessarily - 5-10 novelties.
We should say a few words about the storage of beans. As a rule, after harvesting, all the grains look clean, beautiful and healthy, and among the winter in them from nowhere appear small black beetles - bean grain. This pest is planted in the grain itself and eventually is selected on its surface. Infected beans are not suitable for eating or for sowing. Most of the bean grain affects early varieties of beans.
To protect the crop from this pest, remember one simple rule: the bean core is afraid of the cold. At -4 ° C larvae and pupae die in 15 days, and at -15 ° C - after 24 hours. Therefore, the beans must be stored in a dry, cool place.
Usually, I put the bean beans in plastic bags and leave them in the freezer for two days, and the beans intended for sowing, I freeze no more than 10 h. After that I transfer it to storage in a cold room.
© Author: Vladimir POBEREZHNIUK
ATTENTION: BUTTERS OF BEANS SAVE FROM PAIN
The bean leaves, which are also called the pericarp, are an agent that has been helping me for 13 for years with the medicine prescribed by my doctor, and the golden whisker tincture. Thanks to these means, I did not become insulin-dependent, because I keep the blood sugar level close to normal.
What is their strength?
These "details" of pods contain high-quality protein (in structure it resembles a similar animal substance). They also have the amino acids lysine and argenine, which when released into the human body are involved in the construction of insulin.
In addition, bean leaves are rich in carotene, vitamins C, group B, PP, as well as minerals - iron, calcium, magnesium, sodium, zinc, copper. All of these components help maintain normal blood sugar levels.
Herbs for diabetics are sold in pharmacies: domestic - Arfazetin and Czech - Diabeton. They include bean leaves. However, I want to caution hypertensive patients: both of these drugs greatly increase blood pressure. The first contains eleutherococcus, and the second contains belladonna.
Note
The use of bean leaves allows you to reduce the level of sugar and keep it for 6 hours. As an independent therapy, bean leaflets are used in diabetes of the second type. However, in no case should you independently cancel the medicines prescribed by the doctor.
How to make bean medicine
For the preparation of healing tools, the pods should be dried. Green doors cannot be used as they contain toxic substances. I use the sashes of beans grown in my garden: first I finely cut them with scissors and then grind them in a coffee grinder to a state of powder.
Infusion of beans
1) 50 g of powder pour 400 ml of boiling water, insist overnight in a thermos. Before use, strain, squeeze, take for 20-25 minutes before meals for half a cup of 3 once a day.
2) 3 Art. l crushed sashes pour 1 l of cold water, insist 8 hours. Strain, squeeze and take a glass before each meal. This infusion helps to get rid of puffiness associated with diabetes.
decoction
1 Art. l chopped sash beans pour a glass of boiling water and simmer 20 minutes in a water bath. Cool at room temperature, strain through gauze in 4 layer, squeeze. Take 3 times per day on 3 Art. l regardless of the meal.
Note
Do not use infusions and decoctions of the valves for people with an allergic reaction to the beans. It is not recommended to add sugar to taste.
From other diseases
In addition to the excellent action to reduce blood sugar levels, bean doors are a good anti-inflammatory and antirheumatic agent, they have a diuretic effect, dissolve stones in the bladder and kidneys and lower blood pressure.
For rheumatism and gout, you need 40 g of bean leaves, pour 1 1 of water and boil 1 for an hour in a water bath. After that, strain, squeeze and take on 1 4 glass times a day.
In case of chronic pancreatitis, fill 2 Art. l chopped bean leaves and pour 500 ml of boiling water. Insist 5 hours. Take 0,5 glass 30 minutes before a meal 3-4 times a day.
Note
In ancient Rome, beans were used not only as food, but also as a cosmetic. It was made of whitewash for face and powder. It was believed that the use of this tool softens the skin and smoothes wrinkles. The beans were part of the famous mask of Queen Cleopatra.
© Author: Anna Ivanovna Muravtsova, Gomel region, p. Terehovka
SPRING BEAN
This unpretentious plant deserves pride of place in the garden. A bountiful harvest can be harvested until autumn, if you sow beans several times over the summer.
According to "external data" beans are divided into curling and bush. This time we will talk about the latter. Spray bean grows only by 50-60 cm, does not need support, but is inferior to curly in terms of fruit bearing duration. Already after the third wave of flowering, the plant no longer forms new shovels. Therefore, if you want to have fresh fruit for the kitchen all the time, the beans should be sown again every 2-3 of the week.
In the open ground, the beans are sown when the soil warms to 16 ° C (otherwise the seeds do not germinate for a long time). It is impossible to deeply deepen - the sooner the sprouts get out into the light, the less danger there is that the larvae of the bean weevil will take over the seeds.
Watering is especially needed in the period of germination, flowering and the formation of beans. Also, the bushes do not hurt to pile up, to give them greater stability. You should not feed the beans with nitrogen fertilizers - the plants themselves supply this element of nutrition thanks to nodule bacteria found on the roots, fixing nitrogen from the air.
It is desirable to harvest in the morning, the dew barely dries - in the afternoon, the blades become soft and lethargic. How to use the kitchen depends on the type. By the way of eating beans are divided into grain (shelling) and vegetable (asparagus, or sugar). In the first, only grains are suitable for food, in the second - the whole bean. Asparagus is harvested as soon as the shoulder blades are as thick as a pencil. But in the case of the grain will have to wait for the full maturation of the seeds. Important: neither grain nor paddles can be eaten raw! They contain toxic phasin, which can lead to serious problems with the gastrointestinal tract. To destroy the toxin, the beans must be thermally processed.
- The stalks of the beans are very fragile, and in order not to accidentally pick flowers, you need to gently pinch the shoulder blades. 2. Lovers of tasty and unusual fruits will surely like the purple blades with velvety thin doors. The plant can be grown in a pot, where it looks very decorative.
- Bush beans can be grown in the balcony drawer. In this case, make sure that the earth is moderately moist, and that excess water does not stagnate in the pan - then even in cramped conditions, the plant will produce a crop.
- If you grow beans through seedlings, you will be able to harvest yields on 2-3 weeks earlier. Sow the seeds at the beginning of May, and at the end of the month transplant the young plants to the garden bed.
beans are sown depending on the region from mid-May to the end of July. Cut the grooves (for convenience, pull the cord) with a depth of 2-3 cm and spread the seeds in them through 4-5 see. Sprinkle with a thin layer of earth.
Corn Beans with Cherry Tomatoes
On 4 servings: 650 g asparagus beans, salt, 300 g cherry tomatoes (red and yellow), 4 shallot bulbs, 2 garlic cloves, 4 table, spoons of olive oil, 4 table, spoons of brown sugar, 150 ml of balsamic vinegar, chives, balsamic vinegar, XNUMX ml, balsamic vinegar, chalice, chives, chives pepper
- Wash the beans, peel, put in boiling salted water and cook 5-6 min. Pour with cold water and drain in a colander.
- Rinse the tomatoes and cut each in half. Peel the onions and garlic and cut into small cubes. 3. Heat olive oil in a pan, caramelize onions and garlic on it, sprinkle with sugar. 4. Mix the tomatoes and beans, pour vinegar. Hold on the fire until the acid is boiled out and the vinegar becomes viscous. 5. Before serving, salt and pepper to taste. Tip: as a side dish is well suited to meat and grilled dishes.
How to grow beans on the site
© Author: Dmitry Ilyich DIYAKONOV, agronomist
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- Asparagus beans - growing and care
- Bean variety "Borlotti" - growing reviews about it
- Cultivation of asparagus beans (photo) - my advice and feedback
- Growing red beans - councils of the dacha
- Vigna - photo and description, pros and cons of growing
- Growing Asparagus Beans - Planting and Care (Kaluga Region)
- Growing beans - planting and care (Orenburg region)
- Growing beans in the Orenburg region - planting and care
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I used to plant bush beans, but it is stunted, and there are few beans. A neighbor gave me his tall bean seeds - a glass, not more. I planted her, but put down low sticks, and she waved above me. I had to stick two stakes and pull the wire - it bent in half and continued to grow like that. I never watered, even when planting. She didn’t feed her either, things were more important, and there’s not much strength anymore: I get tired quickly, although I plant a little of everything. So my beans grew without attention. The neighbor said that you can take green pods and chop for freezing. But she ripened almost all, the pods turned yellow, and I collected a whole 10-liter bucket of grains.
And I want to talk about pumpkin and zucchini. Six bushes of courgettes grew in my garden with potatoes. As they were there, I do not understand: there were not close enough zucchini or pumpkins. I had to make holes in the area where the grass grew.
But following the example of readers, I made holes in a bed of grass, sprinkled with earth from above. Grown 20 pumpkins and zucchini (pumpkin planted, like zucchini, in the holes of grass). I had to carry on my train one harvest, nobody helped. The daughter works, the granddaughter has small children.