Quarantine plant pests - name, description: memo to the gardener
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PLANT QUARANTINE PESTS
Not once met the name "quarantine pests". Who are they and how dangerous for our gardens and gardens?
Yegor Kuzmich Zaitsev, Omsk
These are insects that damage crops in other countries and are potentially dangerous to us. They are entered in special registers, and at the points of entry of all plant products and planting stock, they are monitored for their possible presence. But, unfortunately, it is not always possible to put an insurmountable barrier for enemies on the borders. And alien pests still find themselves in our gardens and kitchen gardens, as, for example, recently this happened with potato and tomato moths, and even earlier - with the Colorado potato beetle. In case of enemy penetration, plant protection specialists make recommendations on how to deal with “interventionists”.
ANDIAN POTATO DOLGONOSICS
In the homeland of potatoes, in the mountains of the Andes, these pests are considered much more terrible than the Colorado minke whales. Those are not very camouflaged, and they can always be collected and destroyed. And weevils have a discreet appearance, the color is the same as that of the earth, so you can not always find them. In addition, during the day they hide in the soil, and they are active at night. Insects even with systemic treatment with insecticides destroy almost half of the crop, and sometimes completely negate potato plantings. If there is no potato, they switch to other crops: oats, radish, daikon, sorrel.
Pests lay eggs on plant debris not far from potato plantations. Hatching larvae burrow into the tubers, this is their main feed. At a certain stage, white potato worms, as local farmers call them, pupate in the ground at depths up to 30 cm, without going to the surface.
Weevils have no natural enemies, which complicates the fight against them. However, they also have a weak point: these bugs cannot fly. And in order for them not to crawl from one field to another, they install fences made of solid plastic plates, plates, or simply pull a fence made of plastic film.
Andean weevils can pose a serious phytosanitary hazard to our countries. When live animals are found in damaged crops, fumigation (bromomethyl) disinfection is carried out or the cargo is destroyed.
TOMATO SHEET MINER
This pest, common in Africa, America and Oceania, is equally dangerous in both open and closed ground. He "specializes" in plants from the families of nightshade and beans. Damages tomatoes, peppers, cucumbers, eggplants, melons, alfalfa, flower crops.
These are small, greenish-black flies about 2 cm long. The larvae are born colorless, then acquire an orange tint and, continuing to darken, turn brown. The females of flies pierce the leaves of the host plants, forming wounds that serve as a place for feeding and laying eggs. The fecundity of one fly varies from 40 to 100 pcs. After 2-5 days, larvae hatch from eggs. Eating, they make mines in the leaves. Because of this, the ability of plants to photosynthesis decreases. Leaves with severe damage can fall off, leaving the plant stems unprotected from the action of the wind, and buds and developing fruits are exposed to sunburn.
The larvae live and feed on plants for no more than a week, and then pupate directly on the surface of the leaves. The duration of development of the larvae depends on the temperature and forage plant and is usually 4-7 days. Miner usually pupates on the leaf surface. Most often, eggs or larvae of the pest are distributed with planting material of host plants, as well as cut flowers.
In the fight against the miner effective drugs from the group of pyrethroids (for example, "Abamectin") and the use of predatory insects.
Reference by topic: Pests of vegetables: thrips, mites, aphids and cicadas - photo and description, signs
APPLE FLY
Black shiny flies up to 0,5 cm are common in Canada, USA, Afghanistan. They damage apples, pears, plums, apricots, cherries, hawthorn. Recognize this insect can be on the yellow-brown head. Sami ki lay up to 400 eggs under the skin of the fruit from which they appear. In the same apple can simultaneously be 12 larvae and more.
Of particular danger are those that are introduced into the pulp of the fruit, and this causes their premature fall. The fruits of early and sweet varieties are especially affected. The larvae have a yellowish-white color, the front end is pointed.
In the pupal stage, the pest overwinters in the soil, compost and garbage heaps, in storage facilities. The release of insects begins from mid-June and lasts until the end of July.
Due to the danger of the spread of the apple fly, the import of apricots, apples, plums, cherries and other fruit crops from the pest spread countries is prohibited. Fruits imported from other countries must be disinfected. If an apple fly is suspected to be infected, plants are sprayed with Carbofos, BI-58 and insecticides of a group of synthetic pyrethroids.
See also: Butterfly pests - photo and description
Table. Dangerous quarantine pests |
|
Unregistered in Russia |
Limited in Russia |
Asian barbel |
American white butterfly |
Potato flea beetle |
Western (Californian) flower trip |
Diabrotic corn beetle |
San Jose scale |
Palm tripe |
Oriental moth |
Fruit weevil |
Potato moth |
Mediterranean fruit fly |
Gypsy moth (Asian race) |
Indian bean seed |
Tobacco whitefly |
Japanese beetle |
Peach moth |
Mulberry Shield |
Phylloxera |
Below other entries on the topic "Dacha and garden - with their own hands"
- How to get rid of double-wort and onion flies using folk remedies - collection No. 7
- Pests of vegetables: thrips, mites, aphids and cicadas - photo and description, signs
- Treating a tree for lichens - how and why? Expert advice
- Scab of potato (photo) species and fighting disease
- Combating leaf-eating pests on flowers
- Cabbage seedlings - how to protect against ants
- Protection of the garden from pests and diseases - photo and description + set of processing measures
- Tomatoes got late blight - to remove leaves or not?
- The fight against phytophthora in tomatoes is my method
- Apple-tree commander scale - how to fight (+ PHOTO)
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The apple moth last year ruined not only apples, but also pears with plums, so last season I prepared thoroughly for the fight.
Took a shag 200, mixed it with 200 g of crushed garlic heads, added onion peel 150 and spread it in a bucket with water. The mixture was set on fire and boiled for 2 hours, then cooled, filtered through gauze folded in the 3 layer, added 2 Art. l liquid soap and sprayed all the trees. More pest on my trees did not attempt!