PLACE INTO PLANS: “SOW EAGLE PLANT”

Eggplants are becoming increasingly popular among gardeners in Russia and Belarus. but grow eggplants mainly through seedlings. How it's done?

TIME OF SOWING EAGLE

To determine the date of sowing seed of eggplants for seedlings, one must clearly know where they will grow: in open ground, in a greenhouse or under arcs. Already at a temperature of 15 degrees, the growth of eggplants stops, and when the thermometer drops just below zero, the plants die. Therefore, this vegetable crop is planted only when the air temperature is established above 16 degrees and bypass the return frosts.

And now let's calculate: the eggplant seeds germinate within 8-14 days, the seedling period lasts 60-70 days. Thus, it takes about 10-12 weeks from sowing seeds to planting eggplant seedlings in a permanent place. If we consider that in Belarus the threat of freezing frost disappears on May 15, then sowing seeds for seedlings intended for greenhouses should be from mid-March, and for temporary shelters and open ground - at the beginning of the month. In central Russia, this is done about a week later.

Variety of Eggplant

Preference should be given to early and middle-ripening varieties and hybrids of eggplants. Their technical ripeness comes on the 80-90 day.

Well-known hybrids F1 Nutcracker, King of the North, Truffle, Klorinda, Alekseevsky variety are suitable for cultivation in the open field.

Mid-ripe high-yielding varieties Almaz, Sancho Panza, Black Handsome, F1 marzipan, Hippopotamus, and Baikal will feel good in greenhouses.

Note

For lovers of exotics, eggplant seeds of various colors appeared on the market: white, striped, pink and even orange and yellow. Colored eggplants have a less pronounced bitterness, present in the taste of eggplants with a typical violet color, as well as unusual for this type of vegetables taste: for example, mushrooms or chicken meat.

PREPARATION OF SEEDS BAKLAZHAN

Sowing starts with checking seeds, they should not be older than 5 in years, but last year’s fresh seeds have poor germination. It should be noted that the seed of varietal high-yielding hybrids is usually processed by the producers, after which it is fully ready for germination and sowing. The remaining seeds before sowing should be reviewed and removed all non-standard, differing in color, as well as the presence of stains or mold. Then they can be tested for viability in a solution of table salt: seeds with a living germ are usually heavier and settle to the bottom. To do this, take a glass of water 1 tsp. salt with a small slide. Seeds are poured into the solution and stirred, the surfaced ones are removed, and those that have settled at the bottom of the glass are left. If all the seeds have surfaced (this also happens), sow them separately, they may have been dried out, and they will also sprout, but much later.

The next step is the disinfection of seeds in a freshly prepared bright pink solution of potassium permanganate. They stand it for 15-20 minutes and then washed.

An experienced gardener, knowing the tightness of eggplants, will definitely take advantage of plant growth stimulants, which are now quite a lot on sale in specialized stores for summer residents. These are well-proven drugs "Epin extra", "Zircon", "Heteroauxin" and "Kornevin". Stimulation is carried out according to the instructions.

For friendly shoots the prepared eggplant seeds are germinated in a damp cloth or filter paper. Conveniently use small plastic containers for food for this purpose. Seeds from above are covered with a second layer of cloth or filter paper, they are well moistened, and excess water is removed. The seed container is placed in a warm place near the battery, but they are careful that the temperature does not rise too high. In general, for germination, eggplants need a temperature not lower than 25, but not higher than 40 degrees. Already on 4-5 day, the seeds prepared by the applied technology will start to hatch and be ready for planting.

WHAT NEED FOR SOIL FOR BORRY

The eggplant root system is very sensitive to various manipulations and therefore does not tolerate a pick, after which the plant growth stops. Therefore, it is recommended to grow seedlings not in boxes, but immediately in individual cups with a volume of 500 ml or smaller, but with subsequent transfer into large containers.

Soil mixture for growing eggplants can be prepared by yourself from a mixture of humus or compost, peat, sod land, coarse river sand, or you can buy ready-made soil for solanaceous plants.

Self-prepared soil mixtures require additional treatment for the prevention of seedling diseases. You can use the mixture to warm in the oven at a temperature of 90 degrees for 30 minutes or steaming in a colander over slowly boiling water or etch the soil with a pink solution of potassium permanganate. After cooling down, add half a cup of ash to the bucket of the mixture, 1 Art. l superphosphate and according to 1 tsp. nitrogen and potash fertilizers.

Council

Ready-made, store-bought soils are recommended to be treated with a solution of fungicides and to remove large solid particles.

CROP SEEDS BAKLAZHAN

Cups filled with soil should have openings for the release of excess moisture and a layer of drainage. 1-2 seeds are planted at a depth of 3 cm, then the crops are well moistened from the spray gun. The containers are placed on a tray or any suitable tray and covered with a film or glass on top. For the emergence of seedlings requires a sufficiently high temperature - from 26 to 30 degrees. Sprouts will appear on the 4-8th day, and after that they are kept under the film for another 3-4 days. In order for eggplant seedlings not to stretch, it needs additional illumination with special phytolamps (the best option is with LEDs). The first days need round-the-clock illumination, and with the advent of mass seedlings seedlings require a 12-hour light day.

CARE FOR BREEDING EAGLE

In the cups they leave one strong seedling one by one, the rest are carefully removed, taking care not to damage the seedling left.

Next, seedlings are grown at lower temperatures: about 20-24 degrees with a slight decrease in night temperatures. Until the end of March, the plants additionally illuminate the hours missing to the 12-hour daylight day, especially on cloudy days. The leaves of eggplants are large, wide and need good lighting, so the capacity of the seedlings should be placed as far as possible at a considerable distance from each other. As the cups grow, they should be turned towards the light on different sides.

You need to water the seedlings only with warm, well-maintained water, avoiding overmoistening of the earth coma. If necessary, plants are fed with ready-made fertilizers for seedlings. If it looks good, then top dressing can be omitted in order to prevent the so-called fatliquoring of plants - excessive build-up of green mass to the detriment of future flowering. Usually in seedlings all nutrients are sufficient.

However, if for one reason or another, the time of growth of seedlings in cups was delayed, then it must be fed.

Before planting, the seedlings are hardened, they are accustomed to temperature drops and its lowering. For this, containers with plants are placed in a place where a constant temperature of 12-14 degrees is held.

From the malicious pests of this culture - Colorado potato beetles and ticks - the first treatment is carried out several days before transplanting seedlings to a permanent place with the well-known Aktar drug. Such treatment will be enough for her for the first 3-4 weeks of growth in the garden. These insecticides are even treated with roots of planted eggplant, and this protection is enough for the entire growing season.

See also:  Eggplant (photo) planting and care, varieties and growing seedlings from A to Z

CULTIVATION OF AROUND BACLAAGES: VIDEO

© Author: Lidia V. VISHNEVETSKAYA, biologist

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