Bulb flowers diseases name, photo and description
Contents ✓
- ✓ MUSHROOM DISEASES
- ✓ GRAY ROT OF BULOUS FLOWERS
- ✓ BULOUS FLOWERS
- ✓ PENICILLESIS OF BULBS
- ✓ WHITE ROT, OR BULAD SCLEROTINIOSIS
- ✓ BACTERIOSIS OF BULBS
- ✓ NON-INFECTIOUS FLOWER DISEASES
- ✓ HOMOZ (GAMING)
- ✓ KNOWLEDGE DISEASE
- ✓ BASIC DISEASES OF FLOWERS (BULBS) - PHOTO
- ✓ LUKOVICH DISEASES - CONTROL MEASURES AND TIPS
- ✓ STORAGE AND PROTECTION AGAINST BULB DISEASES AND Pests - VIDEO
WHAT BULBERRY FLOWS ARE PAINFUL
When we plant bulbs of tulips, daffodils and hyacinths in the garden in the fall, we expect the garden to bloom with bright colors in spring.
But the result may disappoint us. Bulbous often suffer from diseases. In order to preserve the health of plants, one must not only learn to recognize diseases and pests, know the measures to combat them, but also be able to prevent them.
Bulb diseases, like other plants, are divided into infectious and non-infectious.
Infectious diseases are caused by living organisms (fungi, viruses, bacteria). They get into the tissue of a healthy plant through damage and open wounds. An unpleasant feature of infectious diseases is that they are easily transmitted from plant to plant. Usually, the presence of an infection is judged by the decay or death of some organ. By this time, the plant is in need of serious treatment.
Noncommunicable diseases are usually associated with adverse external conditions (temperature, light, moisture) and lack of or excess nutrients. In most cases, the elimination of the causes of the infectious disease will lead to the disappearance of the symptoms.
MUSHROOM DISEASES
GRAY ROT OF BULOUS FLOWERS
The most common disease, caused by a botrytis fungus, affects all bulbous cultures.
Signs of the disease.
The main symptom is the appearance on the affected parts of plants of plaque: at first dark fluffy, and then gray powder. Infection occurs from diseased bulbs. Large brown (initially dry, and then decaying) spots form on the leaves, which gradually cover an increasingly large surface. 3 In this case, the leaves die off. And in humid conditions they are covered with a gray coating.
This plaque consists of filaments of the fungus and its spores, which quickly spread with drops of moisture during irrigation and wind. Getting on the leaves and flowers of other bulbous, spores quickly germinate, leaving small watery specks, which then turn brown and white.
The bulbs soften, turn brown, and later shrivel and rot, becoming covered in the same gray bloom. Later on, black fruit bodies with a diameter of 1-2 mm can be observed, which retain their viability in the soil for up to 2 years.
Risk factors.
The emergence of the disease contributes to high humidity. It is recommended not to water the flowers in the evening.
Control measures. Before storing for storage, etch with a preparation based on fludioxonil (KS, 2 mg) for 30 minutes, followed by drying. Fluid flow rate - 1 liter per 1 kg of bulbs.
See also: Care after bulbous after flowering
BULOUS FLOWERS
The causative agent of the disease is a typical soil fungus. Penetrating into the plant from the soil, it moves through the vessels and releases toxins, which cause tissue death and root decay.
Signs of the disease.
Plants do not grow well. The tips of the petals turn yellow, the buds dry out the leaves turn purple. When stored on the bulbs appear brown spots. Sick onions acquire a sharp specific odor, shrink, and the outer scales hang freely on them. Fusarium-affected bulbs secrete ethylene. Planted in the soil, they inhibit the growth of neighboring bulbous.
Risk factors.
Infection is promoted by planting bulbs in the ground at temperatures above 13 °. It is important to quickly remove plants that are stunted.
Control measures.
Same as with gray rot.
PENICILLESIS OF BULBS
The source of the disease is a fungus, which is widely distributed in nature. Infection occurs through the bulb.
Signs of the disease. The first symptom is visible immediately when a young sprout appears from the soil: the tip of the outer leaf dies off and becomes covered with a bluish-green patina. In the future, such a plant can bloom normally. With the defeat of the bulbs on the inside of the integumentary scales, a yellow-brown stain is formed. When storing such a bulb in cool and wet conditions, the spots become covered with a bluish-green patina.
Risk factors.
Damaged and early dug bulbs are particularly affected. The fungus is dangerous for bulbous during growth and when humidity is greater than 80% during storage. Penicillosis is often accompanied by gray mold.
Important! During storage, the internal scales, the bottom of the bulb and the emerging stem are not affected. Weakly infected bulbs form healthy plants.
Control measures.
Helps with the observance of culture. That is, it is better to plant bulbous on a new place, since the pathogen is stored in the soil until 3 years. The soil should be well drained. To prevent the disease from spreading, you must promptly remove diseased bulbs.
It is also possible to recommend dressing with a preparation based on fludyoksonil (KS, 2 mg / l), which can be combined with the treatment with biological preparations based on the bacterium Bacillus subtilis (presented in the form of tablets). The bulbs are soaked in 2 h in a solution of warm water (2 tablets on 0,2 L).
WHITE ROT, OR BULAD SCLEROTINIOSIS
The most common pathogens are the spores of the fungi Scleritinia bulborum, Sclerotium tuliparium.
Signs of the disease. On the upper parts of the plant a white, cotton-like bloom appears. With a weak degree of damage, diseased bulbs are difficult to distinguish from healthy ones, since they are covered on the outside with smooth, intact scales. Shoots, barely forming leaves, turn yellow and fade.
On the roots of diseased bulbs in the soil, fungal bodies are formed - sclerotia. They develop in the tissues of the roots and, tearing it, appear on the surface in the form of dark brown tubercles.
Risk factors. The disease develops foci on waterlogged and acidic soils. Infection can occur from diseased bulbs or through the soil.
Control measures.
Same as with penicillosis.
PESTROLEPESTNOST LUKOVICHNYh can be called the most common viral bulb disease.
Signs of the disease. Variations of color diversity depend on the plant variety. In pink, red, purple, lilac varieties, the color becomes non-uniform, smears appear on the edge on a white or yellow background. In white and yellow varieties, the flowers become smaller, the buds become loose, twist, and the growth of the plant is inhibited. The stem is shortened, the shape of the flower changes. Diseased plants degenerate.
Risk factors.
The disease is transmitted from infected plants with sap through microscopic lesions on flowers, leaves, peduncles, and bulbs. The main vectors are leaf aphids and bulbous mites. Infection with the virus is possible if you cut off healthy and diseased plants with one knife. Late varieties are more susceptible to the disease. The source of infection for tulips can be lilies, which are often infected with this virus.
Control measures. The only measure of struggle is the destruction of a diseased bulb. It must be buried in a deep pit, watered with burnt lime. However, the disease can be prevented. To do this, destroy the pests, weeds and disinfect the instrument with a solution of potassium permanganate or alcohol each time after dug up or cut the flowers.
Next to tulips, lilies should not be planted on which the virus can be present with no visible symptoms.
BACTERIOSIS OF BULBS
This disease is caused by bacteria.
Signs of the disease.
The bulbs can be affected during storage and in the ground. They appear wet stain with a specific odor. The affected light bulbs turn dark brown and turn into a rotting mucous membrane. The leaf bases and the floral arrows soften. The tips of the leaves turn yellow, curl, leaves and buds dry out.
Risk factors.
More often bacteriosis affects weakened plants grown with a violation of agricultural technology. Also, this disease is promoted by mechanical damage to the bulbs and parts of adult plants. The disease is widespread in non-compliance with the storage conditions of planting material.
Control measures.
Choose a plot without stagnant moisture. Use healthy planting material. Disinfection of tubers and planting substrate. Destruction of diseased plants along with the soil around them. Use immunostimulants, macro - and micronutrient fertilizers.
NON-INFECTIOUS FLOWER DISEASES
HOMOZ (GAMING)
Signs of the disease.
When buying bulbs in the garden center you can often observe the following symptoms.
On storing scales, there is a selection in the form of a light yellow sticky liquid, which later solidifies. Usually a plant from such a bulb develops normally!
Risk factors.
The reason is the high soil moisture at the end of the season. When stored, it appears under the influence of ethylene. Homosis often accompanies fusarium. If such bulbs are caught during storage, then all bulbs with Fusarium infection should be checked and discarded.
KNOWLEDGE DISEASE
Signs of the disease.
Blanching and hardening of the bulbs.
Risk factors.
The disease occurs when the tulips are dug prematurely, stored at high humidity and temperature.
Measures to combat non-communicable diseases.
It is necessary to dig out onions in time, to observe the correct mode of storage.
See also: Bulb flowers blooming in summer - photo, name and description
BASIC DISEASES OF FLOWERS (BULBS) - PHOTO
LUKOVICH DISEASES - CONTROL MEASURES AND TIPS
BULB DISEASES EASIER TO PREVENT!
For daffodils and other bulbs, it is important to prevent disease, since there are ailments that cannot be cured. These flowers often suffer from fungal infection (sclerocial and gray rot), a viral mosaic that is transmitted with sap when cut and aphids (affected specimens must be dug up with a large clod of earth and destroyed). Plants are harmed by a large daffodil fly, onion and tuberous hoverflies, and a root onion mite.
Preventive measures
Timely planting (September) and digging (after yellowing) of the bulbs. Plant in the same place no earlier than after 5-6 years.
Alternation of crops that do not have the same pests and diseases. Joint planting with phytoncidal plants (calendula, tagetes, nasturtium, pyrethrum, etc.).
Liming acidic soil, weakening the growth and development of plants. Slaked lime, dolomite flour is introduced in the fall for digging (350-500 g / sq. M).
Before boarding 30 min. pickling bulbs in potassium permanganate (0,15%) from diseases and 8 karbofos (0,2-0,3%) from pests.
During the growing season, daffodils are preventively sprayed with fungicides: Bordeaux liquid (1%) and copper oxychloride (0,5%).
In June, during the flight of the daffodil fly, it is treated with karbofos (0,3%).
© Author: Elena KUZMINA, agronomist, St. Petersburg
STORAGE AND PROTECTION AGAINST BULB DISEASES AND Pests - VIDEO
© Author: A. Petrunya, agronomist
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Flowering tulips, daffodils, hyacinths are watered well to keep the soil moist to a depth of 20, see. This is especially important in the warm dry season. After the end of flowering for another two weeks, the bulbous continues to be watered regularly, because at this time the plants accumulate nutrients. Then gradually reduce water procedures.