Growing onions - BEST tips from gardeners and "brand" secrets
Contents ✓
- ✓ Just not in the store!
- ✓ Delicious Holiday Gift
- ✓ MULTI-LINE BOW LANDING
- ✓ Eastern delicacy
- ✓ ONION - WANGI RECIPES
- ✓ MONUMENT ONION BROWNER
- ✓ From chernushka to buttons
- ✓ EXCIBISHEN - LOVE FROM THE FIRST HARVEST
- ✓ MULTI-TIRE ONION - WALK ON FLOORS
- ✓ 6 RULES OF THE BIG BOW
- ✓ SECRETS OF GROWING ONION - VIDEO
EXCIBISH AND OTHER
We eat it all year round - fried, boiled, pickled, raw. Essential oil gives it a specific smell and taste, but it is rich in volatile, damaging harmful microbes. And all cooking without onions is simply unthinkable.
Just not in the store!
Good afternoon, maybe evening, dear friends! So, I decided to write a letter about onion from seeds - it is healthier.
In 2018, she bought seeds of the Exibishen and Ailsa Greig varieties, the latter - very large.
This is a variety of onions of foreign selection. Bulbs rounded, slightly elongated, golden yellow, peel thin. The pulp is juicy, white, with a slightly spicy taste. Bulb weight - 800-1500 g. Designed for cultivation in open ground. Well kept. The maximum mass of the bulb is achieved by seedling cultivation in a one-year crop. Luke Exibishen and Ailsa Greig are very similar in some ways.
The third grade is the Stuttgart giant. Large smooth bulbs. Stored until a new crop. This is an early ripe variety, high-yielding (the period from germination to mass lodging of leaves is 65-68 days). Bulbs are flat-round, dense. The color of dry scales is golden brown. Good keeping quality, suitable for all types of home cooking, but compared to Exibishen and Ailsa Greig, the Stuttgart giant is quite bitter.
I grow all these onions in the seedling method. I am preparing four beds, each 1 m wide and about 6-8 m long. Why do I love Exibishe so much? Many women tell me: “Why plant a lot of onions, if it can be bought in a store for 25-30 rubles?” But I do not agree, and that’s why.
Shop bow is always bitter. It is not known what and how it was processed.
Onion Exibishen not bitter, sweet, salad, juicy, when it is sliced from the eyes, tears do not run.
It is not damaged by an onion fly, an onion bug, an onion weevil, a secretive worm, a stem nematode.
It grows very large. If it stays in the spring, I lower it into the basement, where it is stored longer.
Every day, onions do not leave my table; you can eat it just like that, with vegetable oil.
In each seed shop you can buy this variety.
See also: Growing onion garlic from A to Z - planting and care (PHOTOS + VIDEO)
Delicious Holiday Gift
Perennial bows are divided according to the structure of the leaf into tubular (butt), multi-tiered, chives and flat (slime). When onions shoot, their nutritional value and palatability deteriorate, so they are cultivated in one plot for no more than three years. Personally, every three years I sow another type of seed - onion-batun. It is very similar to onions, but does not form a real strong bulb. The leaves are tubular, growing throughout the growing season. The bulb is a container of reserve nutrients, the largest outflow of which from the leaves occurs in the second half of summer. In early spring, the growth of young tubular leaves (feathers) occurs, which we cut with scissors to salads. Onion-batun is frost-resistant, we do not shelter it for the winter, and in the early spring it grows. Water, remove weeds. If you wrap it in the first ten days of April with a film, it will be ready for 1 or 9 salads in May - on Victory Day you can bake delicious pies with eggs and onions.
I plant a little onion set for greens: when the batun is already roughened, the set will arrive in time. I sow carrots around it, otherwise the onion fly will lay eggs, and white worms will appear in the bulbs - such an onion is unsuitable for food, and in general it dies.
I plant seedlings and leeks. I add it to soups and salads, it is also a good seasoning for the main dishes. In the autumn-winter period, I keep the leek underground in the bath (I fill it with sand). Leek is a wonderful fresh vegetable at this time! I prefer the Karantansky variety. I rarely plant, and then spud three times so that the white leg is longer.
I harvest at the end of September: the frost is not afraid of frost to -6 ... -10 °.
Varieties Exibishen, Ailsa Greig and the Stuttgart giant can be planted on the beds in early spring seeds - this is the usual reckless way. But I use seedlings - I sow seeds in plastic boxes. In the fall, I pour fertile garden soil into them, add a little sand, ash, superphosphate, mix everything and leave the boxes under the canopy. February 25, I bring it into the house, and when the ground thaws, I spread potassium permanganate and pour the already mixed ground in drawers with a hot pink solution.
Then, with the end of a spoon, I make grooves in the ground across the box every 5-6 cm. I sow onions in these grooves - rarely - and fill the seeds with earth. I water a little, cover the drawers with foil and put in a warm place.
When the first shoots appear, seedlings need to be transferred to a bright but cool place. The fact is that in a warm place, seedlings develop slowly and poorly.
As the onions grow, I constantly unfold the boxes on the other side so that the seedlings do not stretch. I remove the film as soon as the shoots appear. In mid-May, when the land is already plowed, I transplant seedlings on prepared beds.
MULTI-LINE BOW LANDING
Onions require light fertile soils with high moisture capacity and moisture permeability, cleaned of weeds. Best predecessors: early cabbage, cucumbers, tomatoes, potatoes, legumes. In no case should you plant the onion in the same place earlier than in 4-5 years?
I add sand to the beds (we bring buckets from the river, since the sand is very heavy, but it goes to all 15 buckets). I scatter sand in the beds and evenly distribute with an iron rake, mixing with the ground. I pollinate with ash above. Before planting, I spill plenty of seedlings and trim the onion a little bit with scissors. I take out the sprouts with a lump of wet earth, slightly pruning the roots, and plant them on the beds so that the bulbs do not interfere with each other. Abundantly, but carefully water from a watering can every day in the evening, until the roots of the onion grasp, cling to the ground.
The root system of onions is relatively poorly developed, so I bring fertilizers into the zone of its location.
Often I bring in ash, in small quantities - superphosphate. I loosen the earth and remove the weeds in the “white thread” phase with the Fokin small plane cutter, which my sister Vera Kornilovna Kulygina from Ulan-Ude gave me. Then, with buckets, I bring humus to all four beds and mulch with organic matter (2 cm layer) so that there are no weeds. I spread hay between the beds - also from weeds (photo 1).
And one more thing. I sow onion sets multiline, with a distance between the lines of 7,5-10 cm. I roll up the surface of the ridge before sowing (I slam it with an shovel). I sow bulbs soaked during the day in the beds at the earliest possible time, and they germinate on the 6-7 day. I water it well from a watering can. I water the onion, like everything else, every other day, if there is no rain.
I start cleaning on August 27, digging with a pitchfork and weaving a scythe. There is only one sort of land under a canopy - Exibishen (photo 2). Dry for 7-12 days: slow drying promotes ripening. I put in the cropped, dried and peeled onions for storage. Then I keep it at home in large cardboard egg boxes.
I use onions in large quantities for the conservation of tomatoes, eggplant, peppers, zucchini. But onion extracts are used as components in the preparation of various medicines. For example, used in the treatment of tonsillitis, chronic tonsillitis, otitis media, purulent ear diseases, chronic dysentery, colitis, fungal skin lesions, acute catarrh of the upper respiratory tract, abscess, pulmonary tuberculosis, etc.
You can supply yourself with spring onions rich in vitamins in winter by distillation on the window. I also want to share the tools that Wang recommended. But first, about chickpeas.
Eastern delicacy
Lamb peas, or chickpeas (photo 3), is an annual cultivated plant of the legume family. The stem is erect or curved, with a height of 25 to 75 cm. The leaves are unpaired, small. The stems, leaves and fruits are covered with short hairs. The flowers are single, small, white, rarely pink. Where a leaf leaves the stem, there comes a flower, and so on to the very top. The fruit is a bean 1,5-3 cm long with 1-2 pale yellow or brown seeds. Grain contains a lot of protein (20-30%), 4-7% fat, 48-61% nitrogen-free extractives, and is used in food and as animal feed.
Chickpea is cultivated in India, Italy, Bulgaria (as I myself was convinced when I visited Bulgaria in 1974 for a package tour) and other countries with areas with an arid climate and unstable moisture. In Russia, chickpeas are common in the Caucasus, Central Asia, and are found in the North Caucasus and the South Volga. Chickpea is also grown in Ukraine.
I buy chickpea seeds in the market of the city of Ulan-Ude from Tajiks or Uzbeks. Chickpeas can be added instead of rice to pilaf. Before sowing chickpeas, I soaked it for a day, it swelled, and then I planted it like peas, only the distance did more between the planted seeds. Planted in four places in the garden. On 13-14 of September, real frost broke out, everything around was covered with hoarfrost. But chickpeas are not frozen! He grew and bloomed with me until the end of October. Chickpea is resistant to drought, not damaged by pea weevil. Shoots tolerates frosts to -6 °.
The best regionalized varieties: Azerbaijan 583, Krasno-Kutsky 195, Kuban 199, Central Asian 400, etc.
With stalks of chickpeas, I cover raspberries and strawberries for the winter. And the grandchildren say: “Look, woman, but the chickpea is somewhat like a lamb’s head!”
Many thanks to the editorial staff of Dachi for working so hard on our letters. Patience and endurance! Inspiration and the most wonderful events!
Zoya Kornilova s. Shartikey. Buryatia
ONION - WANGI RECIPES
Wart bow
Peel the onion, cut in half, put in a glass with vinegar and hold for 2 hours. Apply half the onion to the wart overnight and tie it tightly so that it does not move. The course of treatment is 4-6 days.
Callus onions
Fill a liter jar with half the onion husk and pour table vinegar (9%) to the top. Insist 15 days, strain. Dry the husk and do a compress on the corn for the night.
Bow for asthma
40 seed onion heads pour 1 l of boiling water and insist until the onion is soft. Drain the broth, stew the onions in 15-20 min. Olive oil or refined sunflower oil, then mash to a consistency of a homogeneous gruel. Accept according to 1 Art. L.-2 once a day on an empty stomach.
MONUMENT ONION BROWNER
The proverb “onion mountain” seems to be outdated, now “onion sea” is in use - this motto is the annual festival in the famous village of Myachkovo, famous for its magnificent onion.
Thanks to Lucone!
I have a garden plot of 6 acres, where I plant all the vegetables. Best of all I manage onions. I live in the southeast of the Moscow region, our region is famous for garden crops - Lukhovitsky cucumbers and Shcholkovsky onions. That's about Shcholkovsky and I want to tell.
Once upon a time, a local resident Ivan Sekarev returned home from Bulgaria after the end of the Russian-Turkish war and brought with him several bulbs. Sweet aromatic onions were grown in the village of Myachkovo and its environs, and until now it is the main crop there. A few years ago, the villagers erected a monument to their breadwinner - Lukon, and every year at the end of August the festival "Luka Sea" takes place in Myachkovo.
All my ancestors grew onions. Grandfather Sasha always received excellent harvest. He lived in a neighboring town and in the spring came to our region on the collective farm market to buy several kilograms of onion sets. On the way from the market, Grandfather Sasha usually came to us, told how he had successfully bought a sevka, how he chose, how he found out that the seller was from the village of Myachkovo. After all, dishonest sellers have met before, although, of course, not as often as now.
Grandfather Sasha planted a lot of onions, and the crop always received one with which it was not a shame to enter the market. Onion-turnip and apples were one of the articles run-in by grandfather. Now I do onions, but not in such quantities.
Perhaps my technique will seem complicated to someone, but I'm used to it. Someone buys sets for planting every year, but my onions go through a full cycle from seeds to turnips - three years. After harvesting the turnip, I select large bulbs with a diameter of 6 cm or more for seeds, plant about 14-16 pcs. This is enough for me to get the required amount of seeds. Now I began to plant part of the onion (uterus) before winter, in late September - early October. And in order to be on the safe side (it is not known what winter will be), I still plant some in the spring, at the end of April. The mother onions, which I will plant in the spring, I put in the vegetable drawer of the refrigerator in November-December to pass the stratification, I quickly gave the arrow.
During the growth of the bow and throwing arrows, the main thing is to put fencing around the bow and tie it in two or even three rows with ropes so that the wind does not break. Arrows grow 1,5 m tall.
To attract pollinators I leave the dill and parsley that have ascended in the neighborhood. A neighbor, coming from fishing, supplies me with small fish - I hang it around balls (shooter) to attract pollinating flies. But in 2017, I suffered the first failure in many years (the summer was cold and rainy). Balls with seeds on the uterus onion were very poorly tied, there were almost no blackheads.
From chernushka to buttons
Caring for the uterine onion is normal. In the summer, top dressing, watering - especially when it blooms. Flies, wasps, bees scurry about, and then I rejoice: there will be a lot of seeds in August. I clean it in the middle of August: you will tear off the box, and if there is a black seed inside, then you can clean it. I bring the bouquets with the heads of the balls home and lay them out on the window. After a month or two, I begin to peel a box of seeds. I rub the balls in the mittens and pour them into a basin with water for 10-15 minutes. All full seeds settle to the bottom, and all that remains on top, I once again fill with water, for 20 minutes. Good seeds sink to the bottom again, and now all the upper debris is thrown away. I dry the seeds on the newspaper and pour them into a jar. All. Waiting for spring.
And in the spring, at the end of April, as soon as the ground warms up, I am preparing a bed for planting chernushka to get the onion set (button). I fill this bed with humus, ash, level it and make a groove along the 2-3 chopper.
I water it with water and proceed to sowing, then I fill the grooves with humus and cover with a film. After 4-5 days, sprouts-loops form - chernushka went to growth. In May-June I spend 3-4 dressings with what I eat (nettle, chicken droppings, grass or mineral water), and water it.
To grow a good button, the garden bed must be kept clean from weeds and even dill! This is the most difficult in growing sowing, here you need accuracy.
Weed the weeds 2-3 times. If the seeds of blackberry are rarely sown, the seeds can grow large, i.e. the size of an average turnip. I start harvesting the onion sets after July 15, when the feather of the onion begins to dry, and the heads protrude from the ground.
I dry it for a day or two in the sun, on film, and clean it of debris. Then the onion lies for about a month or two at home in the newspapers. Once again, I sort it out, clean it from the remnants of the tops and put them in boxes, but only on paper, without any impregnation - this plays an important role in preserving the seed. In general, the storage conditions of the onion are of great importance - whether the onion will go in the arrow or tie a good onion.
I plant the onion on the turnip with the latest of all bows, in early May. In April I take out my sowing and sort it out. Since I kept it at a constant temperature, I am sure that my onion sets will not give the arrow, and I will not warm it up before planting.
Onions in May and June are very fond of water and top dressing. A good strong feather grows, and then an excellent bulb. In July, the onion begins to lay down, but there is no need to rush with the harvest. Now when the feather begins to fade, its neck will become thin, then it’s time to take out the bow and keep it on the bed for several days. Then I put it on the shelves in the barn, then I move it home and put it in boxes.
That's all I wanted to tell. Good luck to everyone in the affairs of the gardener! In the photo, my mother Alexandra Alexandrovna.
© Author: Lyubov MAKAROVA Moscow Region
See also: How to store onions by science - diseases and fighting with them from A to Z
EXCIBISHEN - LOVE FROM THE FIRST HARVEST
No one is immune from mistakes. And if something is done wrong, you need not to be upset, but try to get the most out of it. Yes, you can (and should) benefit from mistakes!
Excibishen, I fell in love with the first harvest I received. But its seeds are not cheap, so I decided: I’ll try to grow the seeds of this wonderful onion myself.
In early spring, planted three bulbs in a wide pot in a greenhouse. Separately, Red Baron (red onion) has planted seeds separately - it is good because it is stored for a long time and without waste in the winter and is suitable for use even in May. But she did a lot of stupidity when planting seeds in open ground: she planted them too close to each other!
As a result, they became dusty, although I ripened arrows with seeds when ripening marlechka. All this became clear in the second year when I received onions from these seeds. Excis was not as big as it should be. In the first year, the bulbs weighed from 600 to 900 g, and this one has a maximum of 300-350 g. The bulbs and their layers were red or lilac.
However, there is no silver lining. From the red onion, which can be stored until the new crop, this onion took good keeping quality, and from Exibishen - the size, although not so large. This is how I got a “hybrid”!
And I also have joy: I managed to purchase several bulbs of red Yalta onion, which I had long dreamed of. Now I’ll try to get a little black from him. What will come of this, I will write later, at the end of this year.
I won’t write about my favorite tomatoes: I talked about them in 16 for 2016 a year. I can add only one thing: only tomatoes can be better than tomatoes! Of all the varieties I have tested, I still give preference to taste and yield to the following: Fenda F1, Gift to a Woman F1- amateur series for fresh consumption and F1 Good News for salting. Still very good is a large salad variety Heavy Siberian with fruits according to 350-400
© Author: Anna SHILOVA Buryatia
TEARS OF SORROW WILL NOT HELP
For the first time planted strawberries cultivars Sylvia (Selva). And then my daughter came, brought onion seeds. I ask the name, and she says: “Oh, I bought in Ulan-Ude at the bazaar and did not ask what kind of variety. I took it and planted it in strawberries so that there were fewer pests, and began to watch how they got along. Both cultures went together in growth, I watered them. In early August, onions grew half a meter high — broad, beautiful, leaves bent into tubules. I have not seen such a bow anywhere. It turned out to be a leek. I was so glad that the lovely leek first grew with me. We cut off the stems and leaves with scissors, and began to add them to salads - how delicious it is! Juicy, fragrant turned onion, everyone liked it. Then, as a seasoning, I began to add it to cabbage soup, soups, and main dishes - well, this is really exotic.
And the main thing is that now no pest is touching my strawberries! Both seem to grow in an embrace, helping each other.
My daughter arrived, saw her bow, gasped and was stupefied: so her leek surprised her. Because no one is planting it with us.
The following 2018 year, I decided to plant leek with seeds, not seedlings. She made a garden bed and fertilized the country house: three buckets of humus, a half-liter jar of oven ash and a bucket of small peat were mixed with a spatula and watered abundantly. In the evening, she sowed the seeds of leek, added dill, and everything began to grow. Of course, I watered: leek loves moisture.
By the fall, our neighbor, containing cows and horses, had an outdated fence, the pillars began to rot. And then one morning I got up early, went to the site and ... What I saw terrified me: the neighboring cows and horses broke the hedge and trampled my entire site! Yes, while all the leek and dill were safely eaten. I was in shock. The son jumped out, looked and gasped: they even ate cabbage! I felt so sorry for my leek, so beautiful, tall, with wide leaves, that I burst into tears.
Three days later, I decided that you couldn’t help with tears, and went to see - maybe at least something was left? I saw the roots of the onion and, without thinking twice, took a spatula and began to dig them out. I called my son, and we dug up all the roots, put them in a bath with water and left for two days.
Then I took a long box, dragged the garden soil, added three buckets of humus, a jar of ash, small peat, mixed everything and watered well. In the evening, she scrubbed the roots a little with scissors and planted densely, but not closely, and sprayed water on top. We put the box on the veranda - it’s neither hot nor cold. And the leek began to come to life! I was so happy, because I saved him.
Now I know that leek is the friendliest vegetable, it gets along well with other plants. And I'm sure that it can be planted with seeds directly in the ground, no seedlings are needed.
All good health, good luck and high yields!
© Author: E. BUYNOVA. with. Ollur. Buryatia
MULTI-TIRE ONION - WALK ON FLOORS
They have already written about the "multi-story" bow, but not so much. Strange: the method is effective. Maybe this letter will inspire onion lovers to create three-tier structures?
I want to draw your attention, friends, to a multi-tiered bow. That's really well done! Perennial, cold-resistant, appears in spring earlier than all other species (photo 1). No need to buy blackberries and sowing, it itself grows on bushes floors.
In the first tier, the most even and large onions, they all go to the landing. From the second floor I choose the largest and also leave for landing. I do not allow the third tier to grow (photo 2): I cut arrows with bulbs, separate them and dry them - this sevka can be planted all second half of summer for greenery.
When the main bushes grow, they form many underground heads, so that they can be freely pulled out for food. The same bush can be thinned out or seedlings planted. But I do this: I plant sowing in the winter in late autumn. In the spring I use greens for food and leave a few onions to grow to replace the old ones - it also needs to be rejuvenated. I do a replacement every 3-4 years.
After reading the article by Veronika Alekseeva “Restless Vegetable” in a year, in which she claims that you can get a head for food from bulbs, I doubted, but still planted a decent bed. Without fail, each bulb gave an arrow to create bulbs. This onion shoots arrows too late; the greens are gorgeous and stand for a very long time without arrows. And in that article it was said that onions in the first year did not give arrows. So, a multi-tiered onion has several types? Or is there some other reason?
When the arrows began to appear en masse, I began to pluck them, because I need heads, but still the heads did not work. I mean - they grew, but very small. I dug in the same terms as the onions. After drying well, I started using it as food. It turned out that the arrow (dry) runs almost in the middle of the bulb, and the bulb itself is harsh. But not a single dried head started to grow, unlike the onions of Veronika Alekseeva, although it was already November. I think, all the same, by nature this onion was created for greens, but still I’ll try again to grow a head.
I also have three huge bushes of chives. This is also a perennial, but I grow it for beauty - it is very pleasing to the eye. When it blooms, the whole garden looks very different, more elegant. The bushes are literally studded with bright raspberry balls. I tie them up so that the feathers do not shag and keep their shape.
Apple seed tree
I still grow an apple tree without a name, but with the fruits of an unusual taste. And it grows not where it is necessary: it obscures a large space and part of the greenhouse. For this reason, I want to move it to another place.
And I decided to grow a tree from seeds. I decided to try to stratify the seeds of these delicious apples. In September, she selected the best. White sand was poured into the pot and slightly moistened, selected the largest and most poured seeds, laid them out with sharp tips down and covered with a layer of wet sand (2 cm).
She put the pot in a plastic bag and put it in the garage. When winter came, she transferred him to the cool corridor of the house, to the corner near the front door. Sometimes she opened cellophane for airing. At the end of February she brought the pot into a warm room to let the seeds hatch. When the sprouts appeared in early March, I transplanted one sprout in a container with fertile soil. Only seven seeds hatched, and even less survived - three.
And one of them was very weak, but I felt sorry for him, and it did not die (photo 3). In early May, I transplanted the sprouts to a permanent place. Every morning I go up to them and stroke the leaves .... I’ll try to carefully cover them for the winter, and next spring I’ll try to plant one with the cuttings from the mother apple tree, because I heard that wild animals can grow, and I will leave the other two seedlings without vaccination. I hope I succeed.
Last year I planted on an adult tree (the taste of apples, which I do not like) the cuttings of the apple tree Grushovka in two places. But the most successful vaccination was obtained on a trunk with a diameter of 8 cm.
Inoculated with three cuttings by the bark, and all went to growth. Of the three I chose the strongest, and cut the rest, next spring I will shorten the branches (photo 4).
Autumn "pies"
At the end of the season, when all plant residues are accounted for as intended, I begin work in the greenhouse: I water the walls and doors with a strong soapy solution with the addition of a pinch of copper sulfate. Since the bushes with tomatoes stood until mid-October, and it was too late to plant green manure, when digging the soil, I put all vegetation in the depressions - leaves, previously cut and dried oats, flower stalks cut with pruners, etc. I dug it all in with earth from the next row - and so on until the end of the bed. Then she poured it with a hose to moisten all this "pyrope" for decay. In addition, in the winter, she threw snow into the greenhouse several times.
In the autumn I wash my containers, dry them and hang them on the beams at the top of the greenhouse (photo 5).
There is still much material and photographs, but it’s time and honor to know. All health and happiness!
Chinese onion (poultry tailed, infernal root) is an unusually useful variety of onions. In cooking, it gives piquancy to vegetable snacks and meat dishes, in medicine it is used in the fight against herpes, fungus and other diseases. People who regularly eat Chinese onions are almost not infected.
© Author: Tatyana Ilyinichna g. Stary Oskol
See also: Hybrids onions - from planting to harvest
6 RULES OF THE BIG BOW
For many, planting an onion set is a ritual action. Here are just digging in the fall, large, vigorous bulbs "with a tear", and not samples, or even better preserved sowing, you can, if you fulfill the wishes of Senor Chipollino.
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DO NOT MORE BETTER MORE
Do you still think that large bulbs come from a large set? Alas, this is not so. Sevka with a diameter of 1,4-2 cm is considered optimal for sowing. Larger bulbs, especially if they were not stored in ideal conditions (but where is the guarantee that the seller knows about the storage rules for the sevka at all?), Planted in the spring will leave in the arrow. Smaller ones during spring planting simply will not have time to gain weight.
It is best to buy sets in advance, in the fall. Sniff it - it should not smell of mold. Sort carefully, removing rotten, empty and damaged onions. The remaining ones - dry, elastic, one-color (without spots and spots on hiding scales) - put in a box from under the shoes. A canvas bag, a paper bag are quite suitable - here the bulbs can breathe freely. Keep them in a room where there are no differences in heat and humidity, dry. The best temperature for storing onions is 15-18 °, humidity 70-75%. Throughout the winter, periodically sort through and look through the stocks - if suddenly some onion decays, it will not “take” neighbors with it. We have to discard the dried and smallest onions.
2-3 days before planting, spread the sevoc with a thin layer in the greenhouse or on a sunny window. Let him believe that his life expects quite comfortable.
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ONION IS AFRAID OF FROST
When is it better to plant sowing? Plants are cold-resistant, begin to grow already at 5 ° and seem to even withstand small frosts. However, you should not rush to the landing. The onions will fall in the cold, or just cold weather will come for a long time, and you will get a forest of arrows. Onions will decide that under such conditions, seed propagation is more reliable.
Traditionally, the second decade of May is considered the best time to land in the middle lane. In the Leningrad region, in the Urals and in Siberia - the end of May - the beginning of June. And in the south of the country, in the Krasnodar Territory and Crimea, onions are usually planted in the second decade of April. It is not worth delaying the planting - the bulbs will grow medium-sized.
However, there are pitfalls here. One of the worst pests that can "halve" the crop in a matter of days is the onion fly. Insects start laying when the cherry and lilac bloom. At this time, the feather on the onion grows to 5-8 cm ... and then the tips of the leaves begin to turn yellow. If you dig a bulb, you can see small worms at its bottom - this is how the larvae of a fly look. An early planting bow is more resistant to the pest. The second generation of onion flies harms in the middle of summer, from the end of June to the middle of July (depending on the weather, the timing may vary).
L. Dmitrieva from the Oryol region before planting soaks the sowing in a solution of birch tar, and before planting cuts the upper part on the shoulders with bulbs. Planted sorting by size. This allows you to get faster and more uniform shoots. After planting, the bed necessarily spills with tar water and closes with non-woven material. The sharp smell of tar scares away pests. During the summer, she repeatedly watered onions with tar water to protect against pests. As a result, by the fall, 2 or 3 bulbs in 3 beds were damaged.
But D. Zhivichnova from the Moscow region mulches plantings with wormwood branches, watered with infusions of tobacco, garlic and even a solution of ammonia. Harsh aromas knock down insects from the target, protecting the crop.
By the way, a solution of ammonia (1 tablespoon per 10 liters of water), used in the first half of summer once a week, is an excellent high-speed nitrogen top dressing. At the beginning of the growing season, onions are simply necessary. Well, if after 30 minutes after watering the soil in the garden is loosened, the anti-mushroom aroma will last longer.
I. Vertsinsky from the Lipetsk region destroys pests with the help of “heavy artillery”, using an insecticide with DV malathion and cypermethrin during the flight of the pests (this preparation must be used strictly according to the instructions and only on onion grown on turnips. There is greens from treated plants You can't. - From the Editor)
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DO NOT DEPTH!
To what depth do you need to plant sevoc? Everyone knows this, but they plant everything in different ways. Someone to the depth of a finger, someone makes holes with a shovel handle or a suitable diameter wand ... And what, in fact, does the onion itself prefer? He likes to warm his sides in the sun. It is highly undesirable to bury it on heavy soils. It is extremely difficult to grow a thick-sided bulb in such conditions. Therefore, the optimum depth is such that the top of the bulb is flush with the soil. To dig, and then only by 1-2 cm, the onion is justified only on light sandy and sandy loamy soils.
As for the predecessors, it is better to plant Senor Cipollino after cabbage, tomatoes, potatoes, cucumbers, pumpkin or bean crops. In no case do they plant onions after onions (any kind) or garlic.
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SENIOR, WHICH SOIL DO YOU PREFER?
Onions can grow successfully at pH 5,5-7,5 on both sandy and loamy and peaty soils. The main thing is to provide him with a sufficient amount of nutrients, including phosphorus and potassium, which improve the appearance and preservation of the bulb. Do not overfeed onions with nitrogen (add
under it, fresh or rotted manure, but in large quantities). And then the weight of the tops will significantly exceed the weight of the bulb, and the crop will not be stored (in spring, chlorine-containing fertilizers are strictly contraindicated. But in the fall they can be brought in for digging the soil. - From the editors).
5. I AM WATER, I AM WATER! ..
One of the worst dangers for an onion crop is moisture deficiency. If hot and dry weather is established, but there is no drip irrigation, the bulbs stop pouring and begin to ripen. From hard life, the taste of the scales becomes sharper. True, there is a silver lining: such an onion is stored much better than the one that consumed excess water.
You can reduce the risk of planting drought by covering the soil with a solid layer of mulch. Under it, the soil dries out more slowly, and the earthworm-producing vermicompost is comfortable.
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WHEN TO COLLECT ONION AND HOW TO SAVE IT?
3 weeks before harvesting onions, they stop watering it. Completely. In rainy weather, film tunnels are placed above the beds. In cool and humid summers, plants remain green, cheerful for a long time. In scientific terms, their vegetation is delayed. In order to hint the onions at the end of the season, on the industrial fields the bulbs are dug, leaving them for several days in the ground. At home, I just tear off their roots, gently twitching the tops. As they began to crackle (this is felt by hand), I leave it alone for 3-4 days, and then I clean it. During this time, the bulb ripens. I start harvesting when the feather grows in 50-70% of the plants.
If the yard is dry and warm, the collected bulbs can be dried directly on the beds. But when it rains, they will have to dry under a canopy or in a greenhouse. I dry them in a greenhouse with tomatoes: it’s about there, and onion aromas adversely affect tomato diseases. Dry the onion carefully, otherwise it will rot during storage.
I heard that with the joint cultivation of onions and carrots they are not affected, respectively, onion and carrot fly. But now you will not always catch pests and chemistry, to say nothing of such humane methods ...
Or does the method still work?
E. Zhilova, Bryansk region
There is information indicating that the aromas of onions and carrots mutually repel pests, knock them off course. But as practice shows, not always. It is much more effective to process these cultures with strong-smelling infusions or apply appropriate insecticides.
Moreover, there is great doubt about the appropriateness of growing these two crops together. In particular, onion farming involves a complete cessation of watering 3 weeks before digging the bulbs. At this time, carrots are actively building root crops. She is planted on the "dry ration" much later, for almost a month she needs a deeply moist soil. With a moisture deficit, the root crops will turn out to be mild, slightly sweet, rough and branched.
© Author: I. Belkina, agronomist
SECRETS OF GROWING ONION - VIDEO
Below other entries on the topic "Dacha and garden - with their own hands"
- The three best varieties of shallots - Dzhigit, Krymsky, Snezhok: my reviews
- Leek seedlings - sowing in spring and winter cleaning
- Growing onions in the Bryansk region - planting and care
- Growing onions and how to deal with its terryness (Tula region)
- Cultivation of different types of onions
- Leek loves deep planting hilling and does not like acidic soils!
- What can not be done to keep the onion well - 7 main onions bans
- Pre-winter planting of shallots - advice from an agronomist
- The bow does not like the shadow - but what does it love? 6 tips (Kemerovo region)
- Winter planting of a multi-tiered bow and a regular one - my reviews
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Green onions in egg trays
I sprout onions at home in the usual way - I put onions in glasses and jars. And on the Internet I spied another way of distillation. I tried it - I liked it very much! No dirt and space takes a minimum.
The lid was separated from the dense egg tray. At the bottom with recesses cut bottoms. I poured water into the lid, put the skewers across. They put the second part of the tray with holes on them, into which they dropped the peeled and peeled onions. Placed everything on the windowsill. A few days later, the roots started up, and two weeks later the first green feathers appeared.
As necessary, add water to the tray, and when the bulb ceased to bear fruit, change it to fresh. True, over time, I began to notice small brown midges next to the onion ...
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Take a look at the insects that wound up in your apartment. It is possible that these are tobacco (onion) thrips. Small dark brown insects leave yellow-white spots on the onion feathers. Hiding in the bulbs themselves, but you can observe them from the outside. Over time, the surface of thrips-damaged bulbs becomes sticky, wrinkled, with bright silver spots. To avoid the spread of pests, keep the bulbs in hot (+10 deg.) Water before distillation. Then dip in cold until completely cooled. After that, send for distillation in any way convenient for you.
Alexander Gorny, Cand. of sciences