Frost-resistant varieties of peaches and nectarines - photo and description
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NEW VARIETIES OF PEACH: DARK AND NECTARINES, DIFFERENT TERMS OF RIPPING, FROST-RESISTANT
TASTE DELICIOUS
Peach is a recognized gourmet fruit. To enjoy delicious fruits, it can, fortunately, be grown in open ground in the southern and central regions of Ukraine.
Due to changes in climatic conditions, increasing average annual temperature, softening of winter, peach culture is rapidly moving to the north of the country. And in areas where previously they could not even think about growing it, today they are laying peach orchards.
PEACH - SUSTAINABLE SOUTHERN
The homeland of peaches is China. It has been cultivated there for several millennia. Through Persia and Greece, this culture reached Ancient Rome, and from there it spread throughout Europe.
Peach and nectarine trees are very sensitive to external conditions: light, heat and humidity. But peaches are superior to apricot in winter hardiness of wood; fruit buds withstand at -25 ° C during deep dormancy.
Peach trees grow on almost any soil of medium mechanical composition. Medium loamy soils with good moisture and air exchange and chernozems rich in humus, low-lying turfy soils and deep fertile soils of medium mechanical composition are optimal for them. Peach trees do not like the close occurrence of groundwater. Excessive calcium in the soil can cause chlorosis.
Peach fruits are pubescent, covered with small pubescence over the entire surface and without it. Peaches with a smooth skin, without pubescence - nectarines.
There are still fig varieties of both pubescent peach and nectarine. Their fruits are flat, flattened from top to bottom. They have an exotic appearance and good taste.
Peaches may have white, yellow and red flesh.
By ripening fruit There are varieties: early, ripening from 15 June to 1 July, early - from 1 July to 15 July, medium early - from 15 July to 1 August, medium - from 1 August to 15 August, medium late - from 15 August to 5 September, late - from 5 of September to 10 of October. At such times, peaches ripen in the central part of Ukraine, in particular, in Krivoy Rog.
By the degree of separation of the bone from the pulp the fruits are: with inseparable, semi-detachable and detached bone.
See also: Cultivation of peaches in the garden. Diseases, yielding varieties, pruning and care.
All these characteristics are usually paid attention to when choosing varieties to create a peach orchard. I must say that in recent years the varietal composition of peaches and nectarines has been very updated. Peaches are grown not only for fresh consumption, but also for processing. For this use canning varieties.
In the consumption of fresh fruits, fig varieties and nectarines significantly replaced the pubescent peaches. There are no bad peaches for me. Each variety is good in its own way, each has its own zest: the size of the fruit, color, taste, detached seed, ripening time, etc.
Of pubescent peaches, white pulp varieties are in great demand. They are very juicy, delicate, fragrant. However, such fruits do not withstand transportation well. Therefore, they are extremely rare in the market. The exception is, perhaps, only the variety Lebedev, which is popularly called the "White Swan". This variety has a good presentation and transportability. True, the taste is inferior to other white-meat varieties. But this variety is not intended for fresh consumption, it is canning, all its advantages are manifested in processing.
PEACH VARIETIES: BEST OF THE BEST
For my garden, I select the most frost-resistant and productive peach varieties with good taste and beautiful appearance. But I’m not chasing large-fruited. It is more difficult to realize large fruits on the market; their price is higher. They are admired, admired, but not bought.
Of the pubescent varieties of peaches, in my opinion, Sugar Time, Temira, Rich Lady deserve attention. Stark Erliglo, Vine Gold. Red Top, as well as many varieties of Paul Freidea from the Fleming Fury series (English, abbreviation PF): PF-5B, PF-19, PF-23, PF24007, PF-24C, PF-25. From the Royal series - these are Royal Majestic, Royal Glory, Royal Pride, Royal Summer, Royal Time and other varieties. Of the classic varieties, Dixired, Red Haven, Jerseyland, J. Hale or 1000000 $, Christ Haven and others have not lost their relevance. In these varieties in my garden, the mass of fruits is usually within 150 — 700 g.
Of the nectarines, the following varieties deserve attention: Snow Queen, Super Queen, Lady Erica, Guen Lada. Harblaze, as well as new varieties: Beat Fire, Honey Sun, Queen Glow. The fruits of these varieties are very attractive in appearance, fragrant, have excellent taste and good consistency. The mass of individual fruits reaches 400 g. All of them are of different ripening dates.
Of the fig varieties, the best, in my opinion, are Pletimun, UFO-5, Pink Ring, Sweet Bagel, Scourge First, Southie 660, Tyoma. These varieties of different ripening periods have beautiful flat fruits with high taste, very sweet and aromatic. The mass of fruits to 300 g ..
Usually I give preference to varieties of foreign selection, but today we have already obtained good domestic peach varieties that have proven themselves and are not inferior to foreign varieties in all respects. They are large-fruited, with excellent taste, beautiful appearance of the fruit. Trees of these varieties are relatively resistant to disease and spring frost.
In my garden I have tested and can recommend varieties of different ripening dates: Early Anniversary, Start, Peace Ambassador, Vavilovsky, Ryabovsky (Spartak), Southern Fantasy, Crimean Autumn.
DESTROYING MYTHS
Some gardeners claim that peach is a short-lived tree with low frost resistance. However, scientists have already proven that peach blossoms can withstand lower temperatures than pear, apple, cherry and plum blossoms.
Applying the right agricultural technology in a peach orchard, timely pruning, watering, top dressing, regular treatment of fungal diseases (curly peach leaves, moniliosis, powdery mildew) and pests (eastern codling moth, peach aphid), gardeners get excellent yields of delicious fruits.
See also: Decorative peaches - varieties, how to grow and care for
© Author: Alexander DYADURA, peach breeder, Krivoy Rog
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- Peach cultivation in Moscow Region - planting and care, specialist advice
- Cultivation of peaches - advice of experienced gardeners
- Peach variety Kievsky (photo) - description of care
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- Selected varieties of peaches for the Moscow region and the Middle strip - name, photo and description
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autumn bought apricot grafted on a two-year-old seedling of Donetsk yellow variety
Temporarily identified the plant in a bucket with fertile soil, in which 1 tbsp was mixed. phosphorus-potassium fertilizer. I wintered a seedling in the basement, and in the spring I planted it on a site in well-fertilized organic soil. The standard pit size is 80 × 80 cm. The root neck was not buried.
And in the same year 24 peach grew on a tree! The gardener assures that such juicy fruits cannot be bought on the market. After fruiting, the host fed the plant with ash infusion. A third of the bucket was filled with ash, poured hot water to the brim, insisted for two days, drained and poured. Immediately after the first frosts he built a hut made of boards around the peach. I wrapped it on the outside with polyethylene, leaving an outlet on top, which I later closed. From rodents, the Stambik tied a spruce branch.
As snow fell, he threw snowdrifts on the ground around the shelter at least 40 cm high. In the spring, as soon as the air temperature rose above -5 degrees, he opened an air vent in the shelter. And in order to grow the crown and strengthen the peach, in the following years from April to July, I fed it with a solution of mullein (1: 10) or chicken droppings (1: 20) once a month, the trunk circle was mulched with mowed grass, and watered with infusion in late summer and early autumn. ashes.