How to treat bark damage in fruit trees in autumn?
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BAR DAMAGE AT TREES IN THE GARDEN - AUTUMN WORKS
After leaf fall, all bark damage becomes visible. Now is the time to inspect the trees from all sides and see if they need help.
WHY THE BARK IS DAMAGED?
The reasons are different. Pests could work here, and then the spores of the fungi joined in and increased the extent of the damage. In winter, bark burns, frostbites, and warming appear. Mechanical damage is often found - for example, incorrectly placed chatals rubbed the bark or a garter to a peg (in young plants) injured. Or maybe you forgot somewhere to remove the strapping from the vaccine and it has already grown into the bark? Now you can easily see it.
If the crop was large and you did not set up backwater, the branches could break or break off completely, ripping off the bark. Such wounds are difficult to heal.
In the process of pruning, wounds can also occur. This means that pruning has been performed incorrectly. Say, you can’t cut a large branch in the right place right away. Cut to the end will not work: the branch under its weight breaks off and rips off part of the bark. And to heal this wound is very difficult, as mentioned above. Therefore, it is always advised to retreat some distance from the saw cut, make a file from the bottom, then from the top and remove the branch. And the remaining stump is already cut down by the influx, as expected.
Often bark is damaged by hares and mice.
WHAT ARE THE Bark DAMAGES?
The most dangerous thing is when the crust is damaged in a circle - the so-called ring damage. Most often, such damage is caused by rodents. If the stem is damaged, the tree has no chance, although those who can vaccinate do the vaccination with a bridge and save the plant. But this is more of an experiment. A full-fledged tree from such a seedling will not grow.
Partial damage (a part of the cortex, wound, hollow, fissure is torn off) must be treated.
WHAT DOES THE Bark DAMAGE LEAD TO?
First of all, pathogens of various diseases easily penetrate the body of the tree through these wounds. Black cancer is a disease that spreads instantly, it is not easy to treat it, and the gate for it is just the wounds of a tree. Have you ever seen how the trunk and branches are covered in black? This is black cancer. "Gangrene" of plants. It is also called "Anthony Fire."
HOW TO TREAT A Wound?
First you need to remove all dead parts. Do this carefully and carefully, dead bark can remain a source of infection for healthy tissues and interfere with healing. With a sharp knife, cut the dead bark, capturing a few healthy areas. Now sanitize with copper sulphate (300 g per 1 bucket of water) or 1% Bordeaux liquid and cover with garden varnish. Var prevents the evaporation of moisture, and for the plant it is now very important, especially in anticipation of winter.
If the tree is damaged by black cancer, use appropriate fungicides to limit the spread of spores.
If callus (influx) has already formed around the wound, then healing is underway. Then just spread the bare wood (the part that has not yet been overgrown with callus).
The correct sequence for trimming a large branch
There is evidence that wounds heal faster in the shade than in the sun. Therefore, many gardeners prefer to close the wound, for example, wrapping it with black paper or an opaque film (the film also protects from moisture and allows the wound to heal faster).
WHERE DO THE HOPS COME FROM?
Hollows are not a sign of an old tree at all. This is precisely the result of improper or inattentive care. For example, if a wound appeared on the cortex and was not treated in a timely manner. Either pruning was incorrectly carried out: too high (hemp) or too low bulge of the bark. All this prevents the tree from quickly healing the wound on its own. And then the tree begins to rot - the bark, wood under the influence of atmospheric precipitation become soft and pathogens easily develop on them. Rotting wood is immediately visible: it becomes rotten, black or yellowish, the bark exfoliates. The core core is most susceptible to decay.
HOW TO TREAT A HOLLOW?
Different gardeners treat hollows differently. Someone thinks that it is better to cut down a tree and plant a new one right away. Someone uses well-known tips: pours a hollow with cement mortar or glosses over with a mixture of mullein and clay. It is clear that in the second version, the cork will soon be washed by rains, and cement corks often fall out or cracks appear between the cement and the wood, in which decay begins again, because the linear expansion and compression coefficients are different with temperature changes in wood and cement. Therefore, we suggest you take advantage of the find and know-how from an experienced gardener V. Kontsevykh: make a cork from a material similar in properties to living wood, for example, from sawdust and small shavings.
But first, all dead tissue will have to be removed, for example, with a scraper or a chisel. The main thing is to remove all rot and get to white wood. If the hollow is deep, work hard at the bottom. There certainly should not be any dead rotting tissue left.
Now the hollow is disinfected, for example, with copper sulfate (300 g per 10 l of water). Or use a gas burner: it burns the inner surface of the hollow to ash. The entire infection burns and blood vessels become clogged. Now you can not be afraid that the infection will penetrate deeper.
If the hollow is small, after processing it is possible to hammer an ordinary cork into it, and cover the cracks with garden var or balsam lacquer.
For large hollows, a filling mixture is prepared: 4-5 l sawdust or small shavings (from hardwood) with a fraction of up to 10 mm, 40 g of HOMA powder and 1 l of natural drying oil. All mix thoroughly. Close the container with the mixture with a lid and leave it to soak overnight (although without the access of air the mixture can stand longer).
With the help of a scoop, the mixture is laid in a hollow and rammed. This should be done only in dry weather (if it was raining, hollows need to be dried from the inside using a burner). After 3-5 days, the mixture hardens and, by consistency, becomes like a cork. In order to protect the closed hollow from external influences, it is advisable to cover the seal with oil paint (2 times with an interval of 1-2 days).
According to gardeners, it shows itself well, a modern way of sealing hollows - with mounting foam. She holds on for years. But from the outside it needs to be coated with oil paint, which will protect such a cork from the destructive effects of water.
Reference by topic: How to fix a hollow in a tree with your own hands - photo
HOW TO MAKE A HOLE IN A FRUIT TREE - VIDEO
© Author: L. ROMENSKAYA
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