What is the difference between a simple copy and an improved one - all about this tree grafting
Contents ✓
CAPULATION: VACCINATION IS GRAVED EVEN BY BEGINNERS
If you want to plant fruit trees, but you have never done this before, start by copying. This is one of the easiest ways to graft a graft.
COPY DATE
Early spring - from March to mid-April (before the swelling of the kidneys)
KINDS
Simple
Improved
INVENTORY
Copy knife
Secateurs
Tying material (strips of polyethylene or polyvinyl chloride film 1, 5-2 cm wide are suitable)
Garden Var
Copulation is used when the stock and scion are of the same diameter. The rootstock can be a young little wild bird or a twig of a fruit tree with a diameter of 2-5 cm. The graft is also selected of the appropriate size. The key to success is the most careful combination of two shoots. Scion grafts should be stored in a cold place before the procedure so that the kidneys do not bloom. They are usually stored in the refrigerator or in the snow. If the kidneys swell or bloom, the survival rate will be sharply reduced.
See also: Inoculation of trees - methods and terms from A to Z (photo + video)
ABOUT THE ADVANTAGES OF CAPULATION ...
The technique of copulation is simple, one might even say, primitive - and this is definitely a plus of the method.
In addition, with the help of copulation from a young wild game, you can quickly get a fruit tree of the desired variety. And, importantly, the output is a high percentage of vaccine survival rates.
... AND LACK
The disadvantage of this method is only one - the consumption of a fairly large amount of grafting material (the gardener does not always have this amount). For comparison: when budding from one shank with 5 buds, you can theoretically get 5 independent plants, and when copulating, cuttings with just 5 buds are usually used, that is, 1 plant is obtained.
FACT: COUPLING (FROM LATIN COPULO - CONNECT) - ONE OF THE MOST EFFECTIVE VACCINATION METHODS, BECAUSE IT ALLOWS EVEN VERY SMALL ADAPTER AND IT IS SMOOTHED SMALL.
COST OPTIONS
Gardeners divide the copulation into two options - simple and improved.
1. Simple replication
Prepare a stock - it can be one twig growing from the ground, or the most even branch in the crown. Wipe the shoot with a clean cloth. With a copying knife, with one clear motion of the hand towards yourself, make an even cut at an angle of 30 degrees. For beginners, I advise you to practice on the shoots of ash maple (there are many of them, they are direct).
Now the scion: cut the grafted graft, leaving a site with 3-5 eyes. Make a cut on the handle at the same angle as on the rootstock. At the same time, at least one eye should be on the side opposite from the surface of the cut and approximately in the middle of the cut.
Join the surface of the slices so that the layers of the bark and cambium of the cuttings and stock are exactly the same. No gap should be visible in the lumen.
Tie the place of vaccination with a film. At the same time, make sure that the slices do not move. After tying the tape, tie a small knot, and cover the top of the slice on the scion with garden varnish (so that the vaccine does not dry out).
If after about 2 weeks the buds sprout, the vaccination is successful.
2. Improved replication
When tying a simple copy, the stalk is often shifted to the side. Therefore, it is more convenient to carry out improved copulation.
As with a simple copulation, make the same diagonal slices on the scion and rootstock.
Mentally divide the rootstock section into 3 equal parts and, stepping back a third from the top, make a longitudinal incision (about 2-3 cm long) with a knife to a depth of about 10 mm. Do the same on a scion cut. Get a kind of "tongues."
Connect the shank with the stock so that the "tongues" of each of them fit snugly into the sores.
Tie the place of vaccination with a film.
© Author: Nikolai CHROMOV, Cand. of sciences
SIZE MATTERS
The length of the cuttings practically does not affect their survival, but the start date of fruiting the scion directly depends on its size.
If, saving varietal material, you take a stalk with 2-3 buds, quite strong shoots will grow from it, but fruit buds on these shoots will appear only after three years, and possibly later.
A stalk with 7-8 buds will give shoots with different growth powers, including weak ones, but with a flowering bud. However, it makes sense to use long cuttings only in areas protected from the wind, since under its action the cuttings easily break in the first days after vaccination.
AFTER VACCINATION: FIRST YEAR CARE
Remove shoots that will grow below the vaccination site. It is important to do this in a timely manner, otherwise the shoot will take on all the juices and prevent the grafted plants from developing normally.
But the strapping material do not rush to remove immediately, as soon as the leaves appear on the handle. But so that the film does not squeeze the growing branch and does not damage the plant tissue, it is advisable to loosen it approximately 2-3 weeks after copulation.
When the stock and scion completely merge and become a single branch, carefully cut and remove the binding material (approximately this can be done 2-3 months after the procedure).
TIP: Do not break out the shoots that appear below the vaccination site, but cut off with a sharp knife. Otherwise, new shoots will grow even more intensively.
CAPACITY SIMPLE - VIDEO
COPY IMPROVED - VIDEO
© Author: Raisa MATVEEVA, Cand. Biol. science
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