Early pests: how not to miss the first treatment of the garden
Contents ✓
WHAT GARDEN PESTS RANGE EARLY SPRING AND WHICH PROCESSES / SPRAYING SPRAYS ARE NEEDED?
With the breeder-phytopathologist of the Institute for Fruit Growing of the Republic of Belarus, candidate of agricultural sciences Julia KONDRATENOK, we continue the conversation on how to protect the garden from pests.
PREVENTION OF THE APPEARANCE OF Pests
- Sanitary pruning
- Planting planted varieties and disease resistant varieties
- Site cleanliness
- Mounting of hawking belts
- Attracting birds to the garden
PROCESSING CHERRY, CHERRY, PLUM
Cherry Weevil (or Elephant, Cherry Pipeline) - enemy number one for cherries, cherries, plums, cherry plums, apricots. This beetle with a golden sheen and a characteristic proboscis hibernates in the upper layers of the soil, and during flowering it climbs trees and feeds on buds, flowers and ovaries. Female pests lay their eggs in the emerging fruits of the cherry, later the larvae gnaw the bones.
What to do? After flowering (when all the flowers fly around) spray the trees with an insecticide (Kinmiks, Fufanon, Tanrek). This will protect plants from waking aphids, various leaf-eating insects such as the cherry mucous sawfly, as well as another dangerous pest - cherry flieswhich, under favorable conditions, can destroy the cherry crop
Its larvae (white worms) eat out the flesh of the fruits, which makes them uneven, lethargic, dull, and unsuitable for food and processing.
Raspberry processing
Raspberry kidney moth winters in cocoons under exfoliated bark, among fallen leaves and other plant debris. In early spring, the caterpillars climb the stems and begin to gnaw out the buds, then they start to shoot. Butterflies appear during the flowering of the bush and begin to spoil the flowers, laying eggs in them.
Malicious and raspberry stem gall midgewhose larvae bite into shoots, eating under the bark of tissue.
What to do?
Completely cut out damaged shoots with swellings (galls) and burn. In case of severe gallium damage, be sure to spray the plantings immediately before flowering (Fufanon, Kemifos, Actellik), and immediately after flowering with a biological product (Fitoverm, Akarin or Lepidocide). And be sure to mulch in early spring the ground under bushes with peat, humus, compost with a layer of at least 10 cm so that insects could not get out of the soil to the surface after wintering.
PROCESSING EARLY SPRING CURRANT
Perhaps the most evil enemy of the currant is kidney tick. He spends his whole life on the bush, hibernates in the kidneys, where the females lay their eggs, and activates with increasing temperature. Damaged kidneys are very large, loose, similar to mini cabbage cabbage, because a large number of ticks grow and grow in each. They settle on new buds in the spring (during the flowering and setting of currant berries).
What to do?
Buy healthy planting material: most often the tick gets into the garden with seedlings. Inspect the bushes in early spring. Pluck and destroy the first damaged kidneys before they bloom. Arrange with your neighbors to do the same.
If there are a lot of damaged kidneys, then a reasonably young bush should be cut off completely. And it’s better to uproot the old one: it is difficult to destroy the tick by chemical means. During the period of the pest resettlement (immediately before flowering and immediately after it), Actellik, Novaktion, Fitoverm, Akarin can be used.
Glassmaker - a harmless-looking butterfly, similar to a small wasp, is actually incredibly malicious. Two weeks after the flowering of black currant, the butterfly begins to lay eggs in small cracks in the bark or next to the buds on young branches. Spawning caterpillars penetrate the stem, gradually moving (sometimes passing more than half a meter!) Lower and lower to its very base. The middle of the shoot then turns black.
What to do?
Cut damaged branches with a “master” inside at the first sign of wilting, which can be noticed when the buds begin to bloom (such branches do not bloom well or they may bloom, but the leaves literally immediately begin to fade).
On red currants a lot of trouble red aphid. Swollen red leaves are the work of this pest. If currants cannot be cured in time, the aphids will suck out all the juices from the plants - there will be no harvest.
What to do?
When you find red bubbles on the leaves, there is no one there. The pest begins its nutrition when the leaves only bloom, and then goes to the weeds. Therefore, as soon as the currant has faded, after the buds open, treat it from aphids. If the settlement is not serious, use biological products (Bitoxibacillin, Avertin, Actofit, Fitoverm) or folk remedies - for example, tansy infusion (1 kg of fresh raw materials or 350 g of dried material, pour 5 liters of water, leave for a day, then boil, strain and add the settled water to 10 l). But if last year there were a lot of red leaves on the currant - use an insecticide (Aktara, Tanrek, Kinmiks, Actellik).
GARDEN PROTECTION AFTER WARM WINTER
Forecasters, predicting a mild winter, nevertheless did not expect that in the middle lane it, in fact, would not exist at all. Will this weather anomaly affect our fruit plants?
- Beginning of the season, fruit and berry plants were met in excellent condition - frosts did not damage them, there were no sunburns due to cloudy weather. However, if in ordinary winters with severe frosts most of the pests and pathogens die, then this year they are all alive and well. In addition, when the winter is so warm, the spring, as a rule, is long, it is possible that with temperature changes. That is, during warming (above +10 deg.), Pests and diseases become more active, and during the cold snap, possible night frosts, they hide until the next warming.
What does it mean? A single eradicating spraying in early spring, the so-called “blue spraying” (Bordeaux liquid - 300 g per 10 liters of water), will not be enough! Plan several treatments before flowering. First of all, these measures are directed against apple blossoms (it is important not to let eggs lay in buds before flowering by insects). Use insecticides Fufanon, Tanrek, Kinmiks, Aktara, Iskra-M.
Summer residents to protect flowers and ovaries near-stem circles of cherries, plums, cherry plum are poured with water to extend the flowering period. It is right?
- I have said more than once that flowering depends not only on the root system, but on the heating of the aboveground part. And if there is a high temperature, then no matter what you do, you can not affect the flowering. It will start quickly and end quickly.
Is it too late to put on hunting belts?
- Not too late - you will have time to collect some of the pests before flowering into such traps. But the effect will be higher for those gardeners who did this work in March.
And if, according to the forecast, a sharp cooling, how to protect thermophilic plants, which already in March were almost ready for flowering?
- And you do not rush to completely remove the harness from them. It is possible and necessary to loosen the winter shelter so that there are no creeps. But to the end to reveal neither peaches, nor apricots, and especially grapes is not worth it.
Recorded by Victoria Gulko
STRUGGLE AGAINST
The flight of this pest begins with the flowering of apple trees (butterflies lay their eggs almost immediately). Therefore, when buds appear on the trees, I hang such baits in the garden.
In advance I cut pieces of cardboard 20 × 20 cm in size, which I glue with yellow paper (this color especially attracts butterflies of moths), wrap them with tape (from rain) and smear them with glue from rodents (they sell them in a store). In each cardboard I make a hole for the rope and hang it on the branches of an apple tree. Butterflies fly yellow and stick to the cardboard - I periodically remove them and update the glue layer.
In the crown of apple trees I also hang plastic buckets of mayonnaise (or PET bottles) with a fragrant bait, which I prepare from peeling apples, bananas, old jam, soured stewed fruit, bread crusts. In 10 liters of water I breed these "sweets" in an arbitrary amount and a pack of fresh yeast (100 g). In a week, my mug is ready for my arrival at the dacha. I pour it into buckets and hang it on the branches of apple trees. I regularly add to the old braga a portion of freshly prepared.
Irina KUDRINA, Voronezh
The first moths of the codling moths (and these are usually males) begin to fly out immediately after the flowering of the trees. So take your time with the bait. Indeed, many gardeners add poisons to them, which adversely affects bees that pollinate the flowers of trees. Tanks with bait for catching butterflies should be hung up after flowering. To prevent beneficial insects from entering them, close containers in the morning and open in the evening.
See also: Garden in early spring - fertilizer and cleaning: advice of sciences
TREATMENT OF A GARDEN FROM EARLY SPRING Pests - VIDEO
© Author: Raisa MATVEEVA, Cand. Biol. science
Below other entries on the topic "Dacha and garden - with their own hands"
- When and what to sow - the seed sowing calendar
- What can be sown in early August to obtain a second (third) crop
- What kind of care does the orchard need immediately after harvesting - agronomist's instructions
- Lunar calendar and what can be done at the dacha in July
- Garden at the beginning of winter - what to do? 5 questions and 5 answers
- Grapes in June: what needs to be done
- Winter in the garden: how to help the trees - advice from a doctor of agricultural sciences
- Garden work schedule for December - what needs to be done
- February: major garden work
- Care of berry bushes and orchards in late summer - early autumn
Subscribe to updates in our groups and share.
Let's be friends!