Diseases of gladioli: name, symptoms and treatment - memo table
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FREQUENT GLADIOSIS DISEASES - SYMPTOMS AND DESCRIPTION
© Author: Tatyana SHEVCHENKO, gladiolus grower, nursery of the 100 best gladioli,
Alexandrov, Vladimir region
Gladiolus in the middle lane affects more than three dozen diseases.
More often plants suffer from fungal and viral.
We also recommend reading: Diseases and pests of bulbs of dahlias gladiolus and cannabis
Diseases of the gladioli - how to look and how to treat
NAME | EXTERNAL SIGNS | MEASURES TO COMBAT |
Fuzarioz | Deformation and curvature of the first leaves and peduncle, discoloration of flowers, defective flowering. With a weak lesion, the corm can grow, but soon the foliage turns yellow and the plant dries out. In case of strong - browned areas are visible on the lower part of the corm. Infection persists in planting stock | Dig the affected plants with a lump of earth and destroy. You can’t: plant gladioli in the same place (even healthy ones) for 4 years, use manure, overfeed with nitrogen, plant and store without storage with fungicide |
Sclerotinia | It often manifests itself in cold damp weather on heavy acidic soil. The lower leaves turn brown and dry, the stem is “soaked” in the neck and breaks off. Scales on corms turn brown, disintegrate into fibers, when breaking off, leave black rings at the attachment point | The same as in the previous case |
Botritiosis | It usually happens on the second half of summer. On the leaves are brown dots, then weeping spots, buds mucus. The infection goes from top to bottom. Corm, turns into a soft spongy mass | The same |
White mosaic | Yellow-green stripes and spots but the whole plant. It looks oppressed, corms are fading. The virus is spread by insects or through the tool. The infection is stored in planting material and perennial weeds. | Destroy the affected plants, spray insect plantings (Fufanon, Aktara) |
destroyed | Yellow-yellow spots (5 mm) appear on the corms, subsequently brown, dented “resinous-glazed” with raised edges. Wireworm contributes to the spread of scab. With a weak lesion, you can remove ulcers with a knife, burn with green | Discard severely affected, destroy plant debris, soak corms in a 0,2% potassium permanganate solution before planting |
Sprouting or cancer | Transfer nematodes. Young corms are ugly deformed, the baby looks like tuberous yellowish-greenish fleshy growths. The aerial part is ugly | Remove affected plants and destroy |
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GLADIOS DISEASES - VIDEO
Illnesses of gladioli
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I love gladioli and want to plant them in my house this summer. But I was told that different varieties of this flower should not be planted in the same garden. Something I can not believe, but just in case I would like to hear the opinion of people who know.
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There are almost no losses during storage of gladioli bulbs-bulbs, I threw out only one. But another problem arose - some sprouted and took root. Many bulbs have two or even three shoots. How to deal with them - leave one of the strongest on each onion?
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- Early emergence of roots is undesirable. This is facilitated by excess moisture in the storage. And while the bulbs fall into the ground, all the overgrown roots are injured or completely break off.
And the fact that arrows are sprouting is not scary. Two or even three sprouts on a large specimen are normal. Each will give a replacement bulb. And we usually leave them, but the sprouts that wake up from the side or in the area of the bottom are broken off. If you want large flowers, leave one sprout.
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This summer there were many gladioli with crooked peduncles. Why did it happen?
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- Peduncles can be uneven for various reasons.
In case of violation of the watering regime of gladioli during the formation of a flower arrow. For example, with a lack of moisture, the inflorescences, even those still inside the plant, lose their elasticity and bend. This happens especially often during the day during the heat. With the onset of cool weather, the stem can straighten, but not always.
In some varieties, curvature occurs, on the contrary, in conditions of a moist cool bed.
A shallow planting leads to a similar result - the gladiolus bends down from the wind, but the top of the plant grows vertically upward. It can bend and bend in several places. In this case, a timely garter of peduncles will help.
Deformation also occurs from oversaturation of the soil with nitrogen fertilizers. The plant receives an unbalanced diet. The ear is strongly stretched, loses its strength. You need to feed with complex fertilizers containing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium (according to the instructions).
Tamara LAZAREVICH, collector of gladioli, Zheleznogorsk-Ilimsk, Irkutsk region
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Gladioli without thrips
Often, gladioli damage thrips - small insects that suck plant sap. So that in the next season the flowers do not hurt, in October, digging out the corms, I cut off the stems completely, and also discard the shriveled old bulbs. I clean the healthy material of outer scales, pollinate it with any insecticidal powder (to destroy wintering thrips), wrap it in newspaper and put it in the basement for the winter.
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Grid for gladioli
As the leaves grow, I tie plants at three levels depending on the variety: at a height of 20-30 cm, 40-50 and 60-70 cm from the ground. To do this, I put stakes along the beds every 2 m, and I pull the rope around them along the perimeter.
When inflorescences appear from the leaf axils, over the bed at a height of 60-80 cm, I horizontally fix a nylon net (possibly volleyball) with cells 10 × 10 cm. As the inflorescences grow, the inflorescences pass through it and are held vertically with strong wind and rain.