Siderata: sowing calendar. Crop rotation table for green manure
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WHEN TO SOW SIDERATES - THE GARDENER TO HELP.
Siderata are an excellent organic fertilizer that enriches the soil with nutrition and improves its structure. Throughout the season, they can be sown between the beds, and sown throughout the plot in the fall.
The following plants are most suitable for cultivation in late summer - autumn:
- legumes, in which nodules with nitrogen-fixing bacteria are formed on the roots (peas, soybeans, lentils, clover, spring vetch, annual lupine, sweet clover, alfalfa);
- cereals (spring oats, barley, winter rye, wheat, millet);
- phacelia, marigolds, buckwheat, amaranth, sunflower.
Siderata not only make the soil looser, help to replenish the stocks of substances necessary for plants, improve fertility, but also protect the soil from scab, rot, and a number of pests. Another plus of siderates - due to their active growth, they inhibit the development of weeds.
When to sow siderats?
In August, it is best to sow plants that do not develop vegetative mass very actively, for example, winter rye, oats, vetch, lupine, clover, phacelia. They manage to build up green mass sufficient for incorporation into the soil.
In September, give preference to plants that grow as quickly as possible - these are barley and peas. You will also have time to embed them in the ground before frost.
Sowing rules for green manure
When choosing a crop, consider the basic rule of crop rotation - do not sow green manure of the same family in one place as the vegetables that grew before it. For example, rapeseed after cabbage, radish, radish and turnip, as well as in those areas where you plan to grow these plants next season.
If the soil in the area is too wet, sow lupine, seradella (legumes), rye or oats (cereals).
Don't forget the phacelia. This crop belongs to the borage family, which makes it a versatile plant, since this family has no relatives among vegetable crops.
Dig the vacated beds to a depth of 25 cm, if possible, select the roots of the weeds.
If it hasn't rained in recent days, pour plenty of water over the area.
Sow seeds in grooves 2-3 cm deep (you can make them with a rake).
CROP ROTATION AFTER SIDERATES
PLANTS |
BENEFIT |
WHAT TO SEED AFTER |
Vicat, beans, peas, clover, lupine, lentils, alfalfa |
They loosen the soil, increase its nutritional value, saturate the soil with available nitrogen |
Tomatoes, bell peppers, eggplant, cucumbers, potatoes, any cabbage, radish, pumpkin, zucchini, radish |
Buckwheat |
Reduces soil acidity, enriches the soil with available potassium and phosphorus elements |
Any crops except rhubarb, spinach and sorrel |
Spring oats, rye, barley, annual ryegrass |
Increase the content of available potash and phosphorus elements in the soil, improve moisture permeability, cleanse the soil from nematodes |
Tomatoes, peppers, eggplant, cucumbers, potatoes, pumpkin, zucchini |
Mustard, rapeseed, rape, oil radish |
Saturate the earth with available potash and phosphorus elements, get rid of nematodes, wireworms, slugs |
Tomatoes, peppers, eggplant, potatoes, zucchini, cucumbers, pumpkin, carrots, dill, parsley |
When to mow green manure?
When the plants are 20-25 cm tall, mow and embed them in the soil. This must be done before they form the seeds, as otherwise the plants will turn into rather vicious weeds.
Reference by topic: Siderats to be sown in early spring - how much, when and where?
SAVE THE MEMORIAL PICTURE
WE PROCESS THE BEDS BEFORE SOWING SIDERATES - TIPS FROM READERS
If in the summer something did not go according to plan, and the plants on the site were sick, then it is advisable to disinfect the beds before sowing siderates. To disinfect the area where tomatoes or potatoes grew from phytophthora, immediately after harvesting, I water the soil with Baikal EM, Trichodermin or Fitosporin diluted according to the instructions. Then I sow mustard: it helps to destroy the remnants of the infection.
Andrey PODGAYNY
If in the summer I found rotten fruits on the plants of zucchini, pumpkins and cucumbers, after fruiting I remove all plant residues, and sprinkle the unduged beds abundantly with Oxyhom diluted according to the instructions or 3% Bordeaux liquid. Immediately after that, I cover the area with a film and leave it for a couple of days.
Olga GRIBKO
After harvesting, I spill all the beds abundantly with infusion of garlic (I pour 1,5 tbsp of crushed cloves in 10 liters of boiling water, insist until it cools, dilute with water 1: 5).
Hope ODINTSOVA
© Author: Nikolai CHROMOV
See also: Winter crops of siderats - what to sow (TABLE - MEMORY)
WHEN TO SOW SIDERATES - IN AUTUMN, SPRING AND SUMMER: VIDEO
Below other entries on the topic "Dacha and garden - with their own hands"
- What siderates to sow in the Leningrad region - my reviews
- 5 popular fertilizer for the garden
- Proper fertilization of fruit trees and berries in the garden
- We buy soil for seedlings - which is better
- Banana Peel Fertilizer
- Where to get manure and ashes for fertilizing a plot of land
- Citric acid as a top dressing - my recipe
- Kvass from effective microorganisms for potato irrigation
- Super feeding for cucumbers: potassium + ammonia - reviews and expert opinion
- Vegetables as green manure - what soil fertilizers to plant
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The unfortunate weeds are excellent seeders.
Common nettle in terms of nutrient content has no equal. Mulching from it not only increases productivity, but also repels slugs and snails. But nettle does not get along with onions and garlic.
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Green manure is a strong fertilizer, so it is important not to overdo it. If there is too much green mass, do not plow all, leave it on the mulch. I always lay out the grass on the beds, and in a thick layer - about 10 centimeters. It will help preserve the soil, crush the weeds, and enrich the soil with humus, because earthworms breed in the mulch. Notice the slugs, don't worry: they feed on withered grass and do not touch the main plant.
And it happens that after plowing, and after the mulch, the greens remain. She has a direct road to compost.
I also want to advise those who first purchased a garden. Of course, I really want to eat my vegetables as soon as possible, but you better be patient for a year.
First, plant the entire garden with green manure.
They are like medicine, like food for the earth, it will only become healthier. You will lose a year, but on the second you will thank me for the advice - all the neighbors will envy your harvest.
The optimal rate of green manure per 1 hundred square meters: winter rye - 1,3 kg; hairy vetch - 0,7 kg; oil radish - 200 g, white mustard -120 g.
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A strange term - green manure. From the Latin word sidera, which means stars. Or maybe it’s not for nothing that this type of fertilizer was called that, their power is really magical. We all know that there is nothing better than manure for the soil. And go ahead and buy it now, but bring the car to the site ... The way out is to sow the vacated beds with greenery and then patch it into the soil. The result is not worse, I checked it on my own experience.
What exactly to plant is an individual question. Of course, these should be annual crops, but which ones - it depends on what you want to enrich your land with, what it lacks.
I read that legumes give the most nitrogen - peas, beans, soybeans, lentils, beans. But I prefer grasses, I plant alfalfa and clover. Also suitable vetch, mouse peas, annual lupine. All of them are cold-resistant, so they are perfect for winter sowing. And vetch can also be planted in early spring - for example, on the beds, where later there will be late cabbage.
Plant lupins either now, at the end of summer, or just before winter. If now, then after 8 weeks, until the buds are colored, they already need to be buried. In order not to have problems with potatoes, plant vetch on these beds in the second half of August, and rye a few days later. Next year, an excellent harvest is guaranteed to you.
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Siderites: is there any harm?
I read that green manure absorb minerals from the ground (phosphorus, potassium). And after embedding their green mass into the soil, they return only organic substances (primarily nitrogen-containing ones). Is it so? Is it true that after growing green manure, the soil should be enriched with phosphorus and potassium?
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- I've never heard of this. If all the green mass that has grown over a specific period is embedded in the ground, then there is simply no question of any depletion of the soil.
In fact, green manures are grown exclusively to restore soil fertility. And, for example, legumes are able to accumulate nitrogen at the soil surface. Siderata have a powerful root system, due to which they pull substances such as potassium and phosphorus from deeper layers of the soil into layers accessible to plants. Moreover, these elements are available in a form accessible to plants.
Of course, if you want to enrich the soil as much as possible, then along with the use of green manure, you can apply mineral fertilizers.
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In order to saturate the soil with organic matter, to improve its structure, in the first half of October I sow green manures on the empty flower beds.
Approximate rates of seed consumption per 1 sq. m:
- winter rapeseed - 2-4 g;
- winter rye - 10-15 g;
- vetch-oat mixture - 10-12g;
- lupine - 20-22 g;
- phacelia - 2-3 g;
- mustard - 3-4 g.
When shoots appear, I mow them and embed them in the ground. Decaying, the green mass will enrich the earth with the necessary nutrients.