Altai strawberry varieties - photo, name and description
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THE BEST VARIETIES OF ALTAI STRAWBERRY
The selection of garden strawberries is very active. Varieties are created that are suitable for different climatic conditions. Gardeners always need to remember that the cultivated varieties must winter well on their site, give high yields, have large, even berries, and be resistant to major pests and diseases.
Today we will tell you about the best Altai strawberry varieties.
Selection work for strawberries in Altai began from the day of the formation of a strong point for gardening (1933). At the first stage, local wild and introduced forms of strawberries and varieties available by that time were collected. However, neither interspecific, nor interspecific crosses, nor sowing of seeds from free pollination at that time gave practical results. Two varieties were created - Lisavenkovskaya and Elephant.
And only since 1986 a scientific program for the selection of strawberries was approved. Since that time, varieties have been created in Barnaul - Anastasia, First-grader, Solnechnaya Polyanka, Barabinskaya, Zabelinskaya, Barnaulochka, in Gorno-Altaysk - Alexandrina, Anna, Alenushka.
In 2000-2002. strawberry varieties Anastasia, First-grader, Solnechnaya Polyanka (now they are in the register) were transferred for state testing.
Anastasia reacts strongly to soil moisture and especially to air humidity. So, in years with low relative humidity, the yield of this variety is below 0,8 kg / sq. m, and in wet years -1 -1,5 kg / sq. m. The variety is winter hardy, quickly recovers after winter damage and gives high yields, and is also very slightly damaged by strawberry mites.
The first grader still remains an unsurpassed variety both in terms of large-fruited and yield. The average weight of berries is 12,3 g, the maximum is 48,4 g, the average yield is 2,1 kg / sq. m and above. The disadvantages of this variety are an extended period of fruiting (7-9 harvests), in rainy weather it is strongly affected by gray rot.
The variety Solnechnaya Polyanka has smaller berries (8,2 g) and the yield is slightly lower than that of the First Grader (1,7 kg / sq. M). The variety is very weakly affected by the strawberry mite.
See also: What kind of strawberry is better - choose the right one
Sorts First grader and Solnechnaya Polyanka resistant to unfavorable conditions of both winter and growing seasons, give a high yield every year.
Now about the newer varieties.
Barabinskaya... During the period of state tests, it showed high drought resistance (in a very dry 2003, the yield was 1,1 kg / sq. M, which is 73% higher than the control variety Festivalnaya). The berries are large (8,7 g, up to 31,2 g), maroon, dense and transportable. Sweet and sour, with aroma. Productivity in Barnaul is up to 1,7 kg / sq. m. Differs in amicable ripening of berries, 90% of the harvest is harvested for 3 harvests.
The variety is winter-hardy, medium-late ripening.
Advantages of the variety: high yield, friendly yield, berries leveled in harvest, transportable, visually attractive, high resistance to gray rot.
Disadvantages of the variety: moderately affected by the strawberry mite.
Alexandrina... The variety was released in 2009. The berries are dark red, shiny, with firm pulp, juicy, good sweet and sour taste. The average weight of berries is 8,4 g, the maximum is 29,6 g. Productivity is 1 kg / sq.m.
High winter hardiness, average drought resistance. Medium ripening.
Advantages: high yield, uniformity of berries.
Disadvantages: does not like shading and excess moisture, unstable to brown leaf spot and powdery mildew.
Barnaulochka... Submitted for state variety testing in 2015. Berries of medium density, juicy, weighing 8-27 g. A variety of early flowering and fruiting.
Advantages: high winter hardiness, drought resistance, heat resistance, early maturity, resistance to white leaf spot, raspberry-strawberry weevil.
Disadvantages: the berries become smaller by the end of the collection, are strongly affected by brown leaf spot and strawberry mites.
Alenushka... The variety was released in 2013. The berries are dark red, sweet acidic, aromatic. Average weight 5,6 g, maximum 18,4 g. The variety is winter-hardy, drought-resistant.
Advantages: good drought resistance, dessert flavor of berries, easy separation of the cup.
Disadvantages: average berry size, lodging of peduncles.
Zabelinskaya... The variety was zoned in 2018. The berries are juicy, sweet and sour, weighing 7-44 g. Average yield 1,3 kg / sq. m.
Advantages of the variety: large-fruited, high yield, resistance to powdery mildew, brown leaf spot, strawberry mite.
Disadvantages of the variety: lodging of peduncles, the berries become smaller by the last harvest, unstable to white leaf spot.
Anna... The variety was released in 2015. The berries are red with orange-red dense pulp. Sweet acid, aromatic, weighing 4,7-11,8 g. Winter-hardy, drought-resistant.
Advantages: elastic, erect, non-sticking peduncle, resistance to gray berry rot.
Disadvantages: small berries, low yield, light color of the pulp, damaged by a strawberry mite.
See also: White strawberries - varieties, planting and care
GROWING STRAWBERRY - 2 IMPORTANT RECEPTIONS
MULCHING THE SOIL with black plastic wrap or non-woven mulching material with planting holes.
Black film thickness 0 mm, 05 sq. m weighs 1, 46 g, 5 kg of film 1 m wide is enough for 1, 21 m beds. We cover the beds with a width of 5 m and plant the strawberries in 1 rows, mulch the aisles with straw.
Benefits of mulching:
- - the soil under the film warms up faster, and plant growth begins earlier, the onset of fruiting is accelerated by 5-7 days;
- - protection from weeds - weeding is required only in the first year of cultivation, we weed in the planting holes;
- - berries on the film are not contaminated;
- - the plants are well ventilated, no thickening is observed (since the shoots (whiskers) on the film do not take root, they must be cut off);
- - the washing out of nutrients under the film is very weak.
Disadvantages of mulching:
- - Before mulching, the soil must be very carefully prepared, it must be leveled. If irregularities in the fossa remain, then water will accumulate in them, waterlogging of the soil will be observed, and the plants may die;
- - on hot days during ripening, burns may occur on the berries.
DRIP IRRIGATION.
On strawberries it can be used both under mulching materials, and in areas without
mulch. Water goes directly to the root system and is consumed evenly, and thanks to the use of a black film, evaporation slows down and moisture is retained in the soil longer.
Laying of pipes and belts is carried out during the formation of the beds. The system allows simultaneously creating a favorable greenhouse macroclimate under the black film in spring and avoiding overheating in summer.
Watering is carried out approximately once a week, and in hot weather - daily. The average watering time is 1 minutes, and at harvest time increases to 25 minutes. More watering will be required when growing remontant varieties due to long-term fruiting.
In the forest-steppe of the Altai Territory, negative aspects of drip irrigation sometimes appear. On days with very low relative humidity (below 30%), despite watering, plants may lack moisture, and in some varieties the leaves lose their turgor. Sprinkling watering has its advantages on days like this.
GROWING STRAWBERRY IN ALTAI - TIPS AND FEEDBACK ON CARE
ALTAI STRAWBERRIES - MY EXPERIENCE
I work as a teacher at a school, I have a big vacation in the summer, so I spin and spin on my thirteen acres on Mount Tugaya near Gorno-Altaisk. People go to nature - we have beautiful places here: mountains, forests, lakes Manzherok and Aya, the Katun River. And I "rest" in the garden.
You need to do business: under a lying stone, you know, water does not flow. No water flows on our mountain either. In the spring, the snow melts, the water flows from the mountain in streams - and that's it. If it rains, then there will be water in the stream, otherwise you have to bring it in.
The first berry is a strawberry. And for me, it takes the main place. I collect 100-120 buckets. Varieties Festival, Holiday, Baby Elephant, two or three more local. Early berries buy well.
I plant strawberries in autumn in rows across the slope after 70-80 cm, in a row after 25-30 cm. It’s better this way, the plants do not wash out from the rain. Then I form mustache ribbons. I don't cut them. The first sockets closer to the mother bush take root well if the weather is rainy. And if it is dry, then by autumn they will take root anyway.
On my plantation, there are only trace areas left to pass, the bushes will not be crushed. And you don’t need to lay straw, the berries are already clean. I lay out only weeded grass on the site of the first year. I plant garlic over strawberries.
I lay a new plantation in the fall, after harvesting onions and garlic. The bushes grow and winter well. My property is in the northeast. The snow stays for a long time. So that the plants do not rot under the snow, I do not weed out the weeds in the fall. Let them grow. Thanks to them, the air comes to the strawberry, it breathes and never dies.
Once we covered the aisles with sawdust to cover the moisture. This delayed the ripening of the berries. Neighbors from the southern slope were already picking buckets, and we have one or two berries to ripen. Then the neighbors' berries quickly departed, and we began a massive collection. Under sawdust damp, loose, warm.
When all the strawberries bloom and bear fruit, I make sure that there are no “panicles” - plants that have a lot of flowers, but no berries. Immediately I tear out such bushes with a root and - into the compost. There are also such "parasites" that give a lot of whiskers, but again there are no berries. I mark good bushes. And I select high-quality seedlings. I sell part of it, the rest I lay a new plantation for 3-4 years. The best seedlings can be obtained from the site of the first year.
Every year after harvesting, I dig up the site that has served its time along with the plants, carefully select the roots of perennial weeds and cook it for potatoes.
© Author: N.P. Drozdova G. Gorno-Altaisk
DUTCH STRAWBERRY IN ALTAI - VIDEO
© Author: N. STOLNIKOVA, Doctor of Agricultural Sciences NIISS them. M.A. Lisovenko, Barnaul
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