Didimella on raspberries and care for berry bushes (Tomsk region)
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GROWING AND CARE OF RASPBERRY AND BERRIES IN THE TOMSK REGION
Perhaps many summer residents do not realize that their berry bushes were attacked by didimella, a fungal disease that occurs in dense plantings. How to identify it and what to do?
I decided to write about my fruit-bearing shrubs. There is nothing much to brag about, but failures, like successes, can also teach you something.
I have chokeberries, raspberries, black and red currants growing on my plot. My daughter has honeysuckle planted in her dacha, but gooseberries have not found recognition with us. The choice of shrubs is explained by the taste preferences of my family.
PROBLEM-FREE BERRIES
Chernoplodki - one ancient bush. Occasionally I cut out old branches, water them in the heat, and no more trouble. True, I bend down the bush for the winter: the chokeberry freezes over with us. I do not use berries, but my son-in-law makes a healthy and tasty tincture out of them.
With currants, too, there is little trouble and grief. I cut off old branches from the bushes, I replace the very ancient bushes with young ones. I choose varieties with sweet berries, I propagate the variety I like with cuttings. Four bushes of blackcurrant and one bush of red currant constantly bear fruit. We freeze blackcurrant berries and use them in compotes and fruit drinks in winter, and I make jelly from red berries. I leave part of the crop on the branches until the cold weather - it's nice to just eat berries from the bush in the fall. Red currant, unlike black, does not crumble.
In early spring, before bud break, I pour hot (70-80 °) water over the bushes, then spray with urea (500-700 g per 10 liters of water). These are measures against pests that have overwintered on the bushes. There are few lesions from the bud mite, in the spring I just collect swollen buds. In summer, leaves sometimes twist at the ends of the branches - which means aphids have appeared.
D I prepare a solution from infusions of garlic, a decoction of onion peel, add tar soap and dip the tops with aphids into this solution. Almost always helps the first time.
Sometimes a white coating appears on the leaves of the currant - powdery mildew. I try to capture the disease at the very beginning, I spray it with a solution of soda ash and biofungicides - it helps. Last autumn, while removing tomatoes from the greenhouse, I chopped the stems and mulched under the currant bushes, because I once read in Dacha that tomatoes repel pests. I poured semi-rotted horse manure to the bushes, additionally added mulch from sawdust, rotted with chicken manure.
DIDIMELLA ON RASPBERRY
My main concern is raspberries. The plantings on the site are old, but the varieties are good, however, I no longer remember their names, as, by the way, the varieties of currants. One of the old raspberry varieties, in my opinion, Kuzmin's News (photo 1).
For some time now, raspberry bushes began to disappear, and fruit-bearing branches dried up in the midst of fruiting. I began to look for reasons, re-read a lot of literature, including the Dacha file. It turns out that some of the bushes are infected with didimella (purple spotting). This is a fungal disease that appears on young shoots as purple spots. With a strong defeat, the bark of fruit-bearing shoots exfoliated, which led to their death. Processing with a Bordeaux mixture did not give a special result. Thanks to S.V. Zara, who in her letter "Crystal Plants in Waiting for Help" proposed a new method of dealing with didimella - trichoderma. Last season, I sprayed and watered raspberries with trichoderma biopreparations, in addition, I applied a hay stick biofungicide. I hope that next season the disease will recede, although I understand that this is not a quick process.
I noticed that dense plantings are more affected by didimella.
Therefore, weeding rows of raspberries, I cut out extra shoots to improve ventilation.
Old bushes, in which the fruit-bearing branches dried up for several years, and the replacement shoots became less and less, I uprooted. The roots of these bushes turned out to be so large that it was hardly worth expecting replacement shoots from them. I did not uproot all the old plantings, leaving bushes that still bore good fruit. I took seedlings from them, planted a new row of raspberries.
See also: Repaired raspberries in Siberia - the secret of growing
AGGRESSIVE NEIGHBOR
I started to revive my raspberry. I bought seedlings of the Gusar variety. The bushes are powerful, with large berries (photo 2). The daughters were given several seedlings of an unknown variety, and they planted them. The berries on these bushes were very large and sweet.
For a long time I have grown several bushes of remontant raspberries of an unknown variety. The berries on them are large, with a slight pineapple flavor. The plantings were old, and I also planted a small bush of sea buckthorn at the beginning of the row. Later I read in "Dacha" that more aggressive sea buckthorn displaces raspberries growing in the neighborhood, because their roots develop at the same level. And so it happened: sea buckthorn grew, and raspberry bushes disappeared one by one.
I uprooted the roots, planted spring garlic in place of raspberries in the spring. In the summer, raspberry shoots appeared among the garlic - apparently, carrion sprouted. I left these sprouts, and the next summer I got already good bushes. I planted a whole row of them, a year later the bushes grew into powerful bushes (photo 3), which gave the first large sweet berries (photo 4).
PLANTING RASPBERRY AND WORK ON ERRORS
I plant raspberries in holes measuring 40x40x40 cm. In the 19th volume of the Encyclopedia of Country Life, I read that she likes to grow on rotting wooden waste. I collect rotten after repairing the fence of the beds and use it when planting.
I put rotten compost at the bottom of the pit, put half-rotted compost on top, cover it with humus and plant seedlings, deepening the root neck by 2-3 cm.
Judging by the bushes planted earlier, they like this planting.
I cut out the fruiting stems immediately under the root, at the replacement shoots I cut off the tops. In remontant raspberries, fruit twigs with berries grow on the tops. In a warm long autumn, the berries have time to ripen, but I still collect the main crop on two-year-old shoots.
Found another reason for the drying of raspberries. My bushes are planted on the terraces of the southwestern slope. It's hotter there than the rest of the area. I water the bushes in the heat, mulch with sawdust rotted with manure. Irrigation, apparently, was not enough. Some young bushes did not give replacement shoots, I even wanted to uproot them, but decided to leave them and increased watering. In dry weather, she put a hose in the rows of raspberries, and for several hours water flooded the bushes with a small stream. I added mulch - half-rotted compost. The improvement immediately became noticeable: replacement shoots appeared and began to grow rapidly. Next season I will take into account all my mistakes, and I hope the situation will improve.
Poppy grows in my self-sowing raspberry. I do not pull out, it blooms very beautifully (photo 5).
I wish all readers health: we all really need it, especially in recent times.
We also recommend reading: Varieties of raspberries Gusar - reviews and description
RASPBERRY GUSAR - VIDEO
© Author: Valentina Aleksandrova SAGEEV A, Tomsk
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