Onion sets - planting, growing and care from A to Z
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HOW TO GROW THE PERFECT ONION SETS - SELECTION OF VARIETIES, PLANTING AND CARE: INSTRUCTIONS
Usually, gardeners plant one variety of onion sets and are limited to that. We suggest not to skimp and buy a few. Everything you need to do to admire the result is in our article.
ONION SEVKA VARIETIES - SELECTION CRITERIA
They buy sevok 20-25 days before disembarkation, so that there is enough time for preparation. Let's start with a paradox: the price of a set should be… as high as possible. After all, it is much more profitable and interesting to grow an expensive and rarer variety, and buy a cheap and ordinary one in a grocery store. Still, you can't just get by with your own. And greens, and turnips to the table always need a lot.
A novelty in the garden is a must. This garden intrigue, otherwise boring! Suddenly, it will surpass the long-loved varieties in taste, beauty, and yield?
It is necessary to take into account the purpose of the onion: sweet for salads (Stardust), spicy for long-term storage (Alpha), especially curative for colds (Yalta), suitable in shape, color of the upper dry scales, size, weight and density for canning (Pearl, Bamberger). Necessarily with purple scales - vitamin (Red Baron, Carmen, Danilovsky 301).
Not the last criterion is the region of cultivation. It is impossible to plant southern varieties in the north, even in a greenhouse it will not be easy to grow them correctly. If there is no suitable variety for your area, get one that is suitable for any area where onions can produce a good harvest. The further north, the more early-ripening varieties should be chosen so that the bulbs are guaranteed to have time to ripen. And the range of maturation periods is large: from 60 to 125 days.
And finally, resistance to common diseases in a particular area and in storage. Again, it is worth dwelling on varieties that are universal on this basis with high immunity to a whole range of onion ailments (Sturon F1, Centurion).
The optimal height of the onion bed is 15-20 cm. It is watered (20 liters per 1 sq. M) to settle and compact.
See also: Onion onion - the best varieties and species for planting
ONION SEVOK - HOW AND WHEN TO PLANT
In most regions of the country, onion sets are planted in open ground in May - in warmed soil. But the climate today is unpredictable, so it is more reliable to stick a water thermometer into the prepared bed to a depth of 10 cm. When the temperature stays at 10° for three days in a row, you can get down to business.
Sevok in colder ground can go to the arrow. And if you are late, you will also lose: the onion loves melted spring water, and in the dried top layer of soil, the roots will germinate much longer, which will significantly reduce the yield.
See also: How to grow onion sowing through seeds (cherry)
SUBTLETS OF LANDING ONION SEVKA
After 30 cm from each other, grooves are made 2 times deeper than the height of the bulbs of the set. In them, immediately carefully, without effort, the prepared sevok is stuck strictly vertically every 10 cm and covered with earth. If last season the onion fly harmed, after planting, pour the onion with a solution of table salt - 3 tbsp. spoons for 10 liters of water.
From above, the rows are mulched with low-lying peat, rotted sawdust or sleeping tea with a layer of 2-3 cm. For the first time, a non-woven fabric is thrown onto the bed.
It is better to plant a large set of greens in a greenhouse along the ridges with cucumbers or tomatoes. It is laid in the grooves in a bridge way - close to each other to a depth of half the onion. Here, the forcing of greens takes place in a couple of weeks. Then the onion is removed entirely.
LUK-SEVOK IRRIGATION RULES
Until the onion leaves have reached 5-6 cm, it is not necessary to water. Then use only warm water (14-17 °). Irrigate the soil between rows to a depth of 20 cm from a watering can without a divider and make sure that it does not fall on the bulb and leaves.
The first 2 months, if there is no rain, they are watered early in the morning once a week, spending 6-10 liters of water per 1 sq. m. The next day, loosen the earth so that a soil crust does not form. After heavy rain, the beds are watered no earlier than a week later. Potassium permanganate can be added to water to prevent diseases.
Reference by topic: Onion: by seeds, through sowing and sampling - differences in cultivation
FERTILIZING REGIME FOR ONION SETS
Once every 7-10 days, the soil is sprinkled with ash -1 cup per 1 sq. m. This loosens the soil, and repels insects, and feeds vegetables.
If the leaves do not grow well and brighten, the bed is watered along the grooves with a nutrient solution: for 10 liters of water, 1 cup of mullein, 1 tbsp. a spoonful of urea. Spend 2-3 liters per 1 square. m.
However, onions respond better to mineral water, but since the roots are sensitive to high salt concentrations, fertilizers are applied in small portions.
A month before harvesting, watering-fertilizing is stopped. The latter is carried out during the formation of the bulb: per 10 sq. m contribute 150 g of potassium salt and 200 g of superphosphate.
ONION SEVOC: CARE
Onions can not be hilled, only shallowly loosen the ground around. But in early July, the bulbs, on the contrary, are unraveled, carefully raking the ground from them so that they are better warmed up by the sun and blown by air.
In a bed with onions, it is useful to sow dill, which will scare away pests. But next to the carrots, the bulbs do not gain weight, although they repel harmful flies.
After a sharp cold snap, plants are usually sprayed with a growth stimulator. If, in spite of everything, the bow nevertheless threw out the arrow, it is immediately cut off, while it is small. Then the sighting bulb will grow.
It is necessary to weed the onion, otherwise it becomes smaller, forms a thick neck and is poorly stored.
ONION SEVOK - LANDING AND CARE: ADVICE AND FEEDBACK
ONION SEVOK FOR TURNIP USING ONLY BIOLOGICAL PRODUCTS
Irina Leonidovna Ermolaeva - in our opinion, the most experienced agronomist and plant protector in Russia
The most common way for all summer residents to obtain large marketable bulbs is growing from sets. Growing onion-turnips from sets allows you to get a crop already 70-90 days after planting. The bulb ripens earlier, has a dense inner scale and a high nutrient content.
Onions grown from sets are very well stored for 6-7 months. In this article we will tell you how to get a decent harvest with minimal labor.
WHEN THE BIRD BLOOM BLOOM
Onion is a cold-resistant culture, seedlings in the phase of two true leaves easily tolerate frosts down to -5 ° C. Therefore, the landing time is the end of April - the beginning of May, when the average daily temperature is set at 10-12 ° C.
According to an old sign, this is the time when the bird cherry blossoms.
SOIL LOVES GOOD
The soil for onion sets is fertile and moisture-intensive. If you have heavy and acidic soil, be sure to add a mild Lime-Gumi deoxidizer, biopreparations 33 Bogatyr and PuhoVita in the fall.
In the spring, before planting the sevka, apply fertilizers Bionex, Khozyain-Father and Gumi-Omi Azot (400 g + 50 g + 15 g per m2), dig into the soil by digging and level the surface of the bed with a rake. To saturate the soil with beneficial microbiota, water the bed with Fitosporin-AS: 50 ml (3-4 tablespoons) per 10 liters of water per 2 or more m2. To obtain uniform seedlings, select seedlings with a diameter of 1,5-2,5 cm.
Warm onion sets, caress, protect
Two weeks before planting, warm the bulbs near the battery at a temperature of 30-35 ° C. Immediately before planting, to protect against diseases and stress, soak the planting material in a life-giving and natural OZHZ solution (2 drops of Gumi-20 + 10 drops of Fitosporin-M per 200 ml of water) for 30 minutes and dry to a free-flowing state.
Before planting seedlings in the garden, cut furrows 4-6 cm deep at a distance of 20-25 cm from each other. In the groove, add 1/2 tbsp. spoons of Mycorrhiza Nurse - this will help the roots and the plant itself to develop faster and be saturated with all useful macro- and microelements. Seeds are planted with a distance of 10 cm between the bulbs, covered with earth and lightly compacted the soil with the palm of your hand.
SEVOK GROWS NOT LIKE ONION WORSE
Onion care consists in timely weeding, loosening, watering and fertilizing, protection from diseases and pests.
Remove weeds to a height of 3-5 cm, because they increase the humidity in the garden and create favorable conditions for the development of fungal diseases.
Loosening should be carried out 3-4 times per season to a depth of no more than 2 cm, so as not to damage the delicate root system of the set.
Onions are demanding for watering only during dry weather, during the growth and development of green mass and the formation of the bulb. In May, in hot weather, water the onion once a week, 10 liters per 1 m2, in June - once every 10 days, 8-10 liters per 1 m2, in July - every 8-10 days, 10 liters per m2. About a month before harvesting, watering should be stopped to speed up the ripening of the bulb.
The first top dressing is carried out at a feather height of 9-10 cm with Gumi-Omi Potassium and Gumi-Omi Phosphorus fertilizers (dissolve 25 g of each in 10 liters of water and water the furrows with plants at the rate
10 liters per 10 m2 beds). Feed on moist soil, if the ground is dry, pre-pour the bed with clean water. After 10 days, make a foliar top dressing (by leaves) Rich Vegetables: 2 tbsp. l. dissolve the drug in 10 liters of water. Water the plants from the watering can from above so that the working solution gets on the leaves. Feed in the early morning or evening hours.
It is useful to repel pests next to a bed of onions to plant a bed with carrots. The pests of these crops do not tolerate the proximity of these plants and scare each other away.
See also: How and where to store onions in winter - one of the ways
ONION SEVOK - PREPARING FOR LANDING ON VIDEO
© Author: V. SUZAN, Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Yekaterinburg
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I grow onions with sevkom, processing before sowing, like everyone else, I will not repeat. I plant small sevok before winter. If not planted, it will dry out by spring - already tested. And I plant it like this: I make a groove about 3-4 cm deep, lay out sevok every 10-15 cm, cover it with earth and walk in a row, step by step, trampling. Once he planted and did not trample, so after a few days he was all at the top: the roots grow and push the bulb up. Some write that they dig out the onion when it begins to grow. I have never done this, and the harvest is always good.
I pull out the onion and immediately take it to the attic. There it dries up, and only in September I cut it off. By the way, I keep it in the attic all winter. The warmest place is above the bath, I cover it with an old sweatshirt on top.
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Grandma's advice for a great onion crop
I always buy a family bow for a feather from grandmothers in the market. Last year, along with a bag of onions, I received valuable advice. The gardener advised not to rush into planting family onions. According to her, the plant loves warmth and feels good when the air outside warms up to +25 degrees.
Immediately before planting, on her own advice, she soaked the bulbs for 3 hours in warm salt water (1 tablespoon of salt per 1 liter of water), and then for 2 hours in a dark solution of potassium permanganate. I dried the finished onions a little and planted them in a wet groove, into which I poured sand. The bow grew excellent, did not shoot and did not get sick. Thank you grandma for the tip!