FIRST FEEDING OF VEGETABLES: AN IMPORTANT IMPACT FOR A FAST AND RICH HARVEST

Have you ever wondered why some vegetables are recommended to be fed two weeks after planting in the garden, while others - only a month later? Who needs one feeding, and who has to be fed and fed all summer long? We will talk about this and many other things with the candidate of agricultural sciences Anton LESHCHEV.

SIGNS OF DEFICIENCY:

• nitrogen - leaves become smaller, lose color, plants develop poorly
• phosphorus - the leaves at the petioles and veins become purple, then darken and dry out
• potassium - the leaves turn white, wrinkle, develop unevenly, the edges are tucked down
• calcium - the leaves turn white, twist up, the tops die off, the ovaries fall off
• magnesium - leaves in the middle turn purple, red or yellow, veins and edges remain green

WHEN SHOULD YOU START FEEDING VEGETABLES?

Mid-season and late-ripening white cabbage, carrots, beets, onions and other plants with a long growth period (more than 100 days) can be fed a month after planting in the garden, and then as needed.

Early maturing crops and varieties need one top dressing for the entire growth period. To determine when to apply it, divide the growth period by two - this will be the feeding period.

For example, leaf lettuce fully grows in 40 days, which means that it will need to be fed 20 days after germination. Multi-harvest crops (cucumbers, tomatoes, peppers, broccoli) need to be fed for the first time 3-4 weeks after planting in the garden, and then fertilize every week or after each harvest. But since you have to feed so often, the consumption of fertilizers each time is insignificant. This is the principle of fractional nutrition - often and little by little, so that there is always enough nutrition for plants in the soil. So fertilizers are spent more economically, and plants will like it more.

WHAT FERTILIZERS SHOULD I HAVE IN STOCK FOR FEEDING?

The most versatile and common option is azofoska. Contains nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, necessary for the formation of the crop. However, there are no trace elements in this complex. They will have to be compensated with manure, compost or special fertilizers containing trace elements (for example, Cytovit). Organic fertilizers, even in finished form (compost, biohumus), release nutrients slowly. Keep this in mind when choosing fertilizers for top dressing.

See also: End of spring-early summer: planting of seedlings, fertilizing, pest control

HOW TO APPLY FERTILIZER CORRECTLY?

There are several ways to apply top dressing. The most common:

1. spreading dry granules and embedding them in the soil;
2. watering with a nutrient solution;
3. spraying.

When spreading, keep in mind that if dry fertilizer gets on the leaves, burns will inevitably appear. Plants will be seriously harmed! It is especially dangerous to apply pulverized (non-granulated) fertilizers in this way. Indeed, even with careful application, gusts of wind will lift small particles of fertilizer into the air, and they will end up on the leaves. Granular fertilizers can be spread evenly between the rows and incorporated into the soil. If rain is not expected after top dressing, then fertilized beds should be watered abundantly.

FACT: WHEN USING HERBAL OR MANURE INfusion, THE CONCENTRATE SHOULD BE DILUTED 1:10 WITH WATER, 1:12 WITH BIRD DOORS.

When watering with a fertilizer solution, first lightly irrigate with clean water, then pour with the solution, and finally pour a little more with clean water. The first watering protects the roots from burns in dry soil and ensures good penetration of the solution. The final watering washes off fertilizer that has fallen on the leaves.

The most effective option is spraying plants with diluted mineral fertilizers (Aquarin, Tsitovit, Fertika). To do this, dilute 1 tsp. the drug in 10 liters of water, spray the plants until the leaves are completely wet. It is advisable to carry out such treatments, regardless of the weather, once a month. After spraying with fertilizers, the crop can be eaten immediately, the main thing is to wash the vegetables thoroughly (do not confuse with pest treatments when vegetables cannot be eaten immediately).

See also: Top dressing in the spring - asparagus, rhubarb, lovage and perennial bows

IS IT POSSIBLE TO SAVE ON EXPENSIVE MINERAL FERTILIZERS?

Manure can be used as top dressing. Fill a 200 l barrel or other container by a third with manure, add 1 kg of ash and 0,5 kg of superphosphate or phosphate rock and potassium chloride, fill with water almost to the top. Let ferment 10-14 days. Dilute 1:10 with water before use. With this composition, you will make up for the lack of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. Cover the barrel tightly with a lid so that the smell of fermentation does not interfere.

When this composition is over, prepare a herbal mash (the so-called green manure): fill the barrel halfway with weeds, add the same fertilizers as in the case of manure, and fill to the top with water. After all the infusion has been scooped out, put the rest of the manure and grass in a compost heap and cover it with fresh weeds on top so that there is no putrid smell and flies do not circle.

In addition, siderats will help save on fertilizers. Sow the freed beds with them. When the green manure grow up, dig the ground with them. And in order to decompose the stems faster, spill everything with a solution of a biological product (Baikal, Bak-Sib, Em-Bio). He will heal the soil, and "eats" hard organic matter. If there is a bio-solution left, pour it onto the compost heap: it will also benefit there.

WHAT ELSE TO FEED?

Pour 250 g of chopped dry chaga mushroom into 5 liters of hot (not boiling water!) Water. Infuse for 2 days, strain, bring the volume with water to 10 liters. Pour the cake onto a bed with tomatoes. Spray on the leaves of tomatoes, cucumbers and peppers. The first time - during flowering. The second - during the formation of fruits. This top dressing will help strengthen the immunity of plants and make up for the lack of copper, aluminum, zinc, silver, cobalt, barium, magnesium, sodium, nickel, calcium.

After the first thinning and during the formation of root crops, water the beets with a solution of sodium chloride (50 g per 10 liters of water; a bucket for 2-3 sq.m of beds). Root crops will become sweeter and grow without white streaks.

Reference by topic: Fertilizing conifers in spring

FIRST SPRING FEEDING - VIDEO

© Author: Svetlana KRIVENKOVA, agronomist

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