DISEASES OF CABBAGE CONTRIBUTING TO ITS WILTING

“For several years now, I have been literally fighting for cabbage in my area. It would seem that I comply with all the conditions: I took a sunny place for this culture, regularly water it, feed it ... But in the end, the leaves of the plants turn yellow and wither, and then some of them die. What should I do? How to save cabbage?

CABBAGE REQUESTS HELP

During the growing season, cabbage is affected by diseases. The black leg infects seedlings almost every year, especially in monoculture and in years with a long and cold spring. The stem of the affected plant in the root collar becomes thinner and darker, forming a characteristic constriction. In the future, rotting of the root collar occurs. The root system develops poorly, the roots of the second and third orders die off, the plant is easily pulled out of the soil. Blackleg quickly spreads between plants and can lead to the death of up to 60% of the crop.

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Peronosporosis (downy mildew) is a danger to seedlings. Gray-yellow blurry spots appear on the cotyledons and true leaves. On the underside of the leaves, a slight grayish or almost white bloom is visible. The spots increase, covering the entire leaf blade. Affected leaves die off, which can cause the complete death of seedlings. With high humidity on thickened crops, downy mildew can reach 45-65%.

The most formidable enemy of all types of cabbage is keel. This disease affects plants throughout the growing season. Growths and blisters form on the roots, growth and development slow down, the leaves lose their elasticity, heads of cabbage are usually underdeveloped or do not tie at all. The development of the disease contributes to the increased acidity of the soil.

Cabbage affected by mucous bacteriosis

Alternariosis (black spot) causes significant damage to the crop in regions with increased moisture. On the lower and integumentary outer leaves of cabbage, zonal dark spots with a black coating are formed.

Phomosis (dry rot) affects cabbage from seedlings to the end of the growing season. Greenish spots form on the cotyledon leaves, and dry brown spots with numerous pycnidia appear on the leaves of plants, an impression and rupture of the affected tissue is observed, the plants are stunted, have a chlorotic appearance, the lower leaves acquire a purple or bluish color. Affected young leaves quickly wither and die.

Fusarium wilt is often referred to as jaundice due to its characteristic symptoms. The leaves become yellow-green, lose their elasticity. On a cut of the base of the leaves, brown spots are visible - the mycelium of the fungus. The affected leaves fall off, and the head of cabbage that sets up is bent and does not develop.

Gray rot slightly affects the root neck and roots of seedlings, as a result of which they become dark, thin and rot. Rot is especially pronounced during storage. Affected heads of cabbage are covered with a gray coating, mucus, lose their commercial qualities, and are poorly stored.

The development of rhizoctoniosis is favored by high soil moisture. The infection usually appears after the formation of a head. The leaves, starting from the head, turn yellow and dry out. Often within ten days there is a complete rotting of the head of cabbage.

One of the most common cabbage diseases is white rot. The main reasons for its occurrence are sudden temperature changes and high humidity. White spots and a gray coating appear on the affected leaves. Then the leaves begin to deform and rot.

Fusarium wilt of white cabbage

A lot of grief for gardeners is caused by mucous and vascular bacterioses. When affected by mucous bacteriosis, the disease usually begins at the point of attachment of the petioles to the stalk, then spreads to the surface of the head. Affected leaves become covered with mucus, blacken and emit an unpleasant odor. As the disease develops, the head of cabbage rots and is easily separated from the stalk. The disease is most often weakened, frostbitten or damaged plants. When affected by vascular bacteriosis, the leaves turn yellow, the veins turn black, forming a grid.

Mosaic is the most dangerous viral disease of all types of cabbage. You can detect its symptoms a month after planting seedlings in open ground. On the leaves, at first, lightening of the veins is observed, then a dark green border appears around them, necrotic spots form between the veins. The leaves are wrinkled, acquiring an ugly shape. Mosaic is most often carried by sucking insects (aphids, mites).

Healthy cabbage seedlings. Prevention and treatment.

MEASURES FOR CONTROL AND PREVENTION WITH DISEASES OF CABBAGE

Agricultural practices will help prevent the development of diseases:

timely weeding, thinning, loosening and hilling, creating favorable conditions for the growth and development of plants;
regular tillage between rows;
timely removal of weeds;
collection and removal of plant residues.

To prevent the spread of diseases, it is necessary to observe crop rotation: return cruciferous crops to their original place no earlier than after 3-5 years. The best predecessors of white cabbage are winter wheat, onions, cucumbers, tomatoes, vegetable peas, carrots.

To protect cabbage from diseases, biological preparations are effective: planriz, trichodermin, phytocid-R, serenade, phytohelp. To increase the resistance of plants to diseases, it is advisable to soak the cabbage seeds in one of the mixtures of biological products for 4-6 hours;

5 ml of trichodermin, 5 ml of planriz, 3 ml of serenade - for 1 XNUMX ml of water;
5 ml of trichodermin, 3 ml of serenade - per 100 ml of water;
5 ml of trichodermin, 5 ml of phytocide-R, 3 ml of serenade - per 100 ml of water.

To prevent and reduce the development of bacteriosis during the growing season, 20-25 days after planting seedlings, cabbage crops should be treated with mixtures of the above biological products at the rate of 10 ml of each preparation per 10 liters of water. During the growing season, it is necessary to carry out at least 4 treatments with an interval of 18-21 days. Adhesive must be added to the working solution.

Such measures will help protect cabbage plants from diseases and get a healthy harvest.

Reference by topic: Cultivation of cabbage - planting, varieties and care for white cabbage. Disease and struggle with them.

Cabbage seedlings turn yellow and dry out: what to do