Chinese pears neshy (photo) planting and care, varieties, my reviews
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PEAR NASHI FOR THE MIDDLE BAND - LANDING AND CARE
A few years ago I bought amazing pears in the supermarket - round, sweet, crispy. I liked them so much that I decided to look for information about them. Will it be possible to grow these in your area? After a long search in magazines, newspapers and the Internet, I concluded that I was buying our Asian pears, or naxi. It’s just that people in Russia grew them mainly in the southern regions, and I live in the Tver region. And yet I decided to try to grow these varieties at home.
Asian pears are not only Chinese. The group of "Asians" includes East Asian species - pear pear (Pyrus pyrifolia), Ussuri pear (P. ussuriensis), Bretschneider pear (P. Bretschneideri), as well as numerous hybrids between them. But if we dwell on those very pears with crispy fruits and which I fell in love with so much, then we are talking about Chinese and Japanese varieties. They have a large number of stony cells in the pulp, which is why pears are called "sand". Here they are JSSIP and are called Nash. And they are also called "apple-pear" because of the round fruits, and the leaves of the Neshi at the same time resemble the foliage of both apple trees and pears.
In addition to very special fruits, Asian pears have another huge plus - their high resistance to diseases and pests. Trees practically do not get sick, and from pests, only an apple flower beetle can sometimes attack.
The year before last, I managed to get seedlings of the Olympic and Kosui varieties in Krasnodar. Planted, did not hide. At the end of October, the pear foliage has not yet been shed. There were fears that they would freeze. However, in the spring the buds woke up, long, well-leafy shoots appeared. By the way, Nash blooms before everyone else, even before plums, in early May. By the end of May there are already ovaries.
And in the summer there were several fruits. They grew quite slowly (compared to ordinary pears), but ripened (Kosui - at the end of August, Olympic - in mid-October) and I really liked the taste. Although they were not as sweet and crunchy as from the store. Further frosts were expected, I decided to remove some of the Olympic pears and try to ripen, and leave some on the tree. After 2 weeks, the pears in the box became tastier. But the ones left hanging on the tree are even sweeter than in the box (the promised frosts were not there, so the fruits ripened perfectly).
In the first year there were only a couple of fruits, and in the second there were already a lot - whole clusters hung on the tree. Olympic fruits kept perfectly until January, could have been longer, I think. Kosui is an early variety, the fruits are almost not stored.
I am optimistic about the future, I believe that my neshes will take root and grow further. Although there is always a danger that freezing to the level of snow is possible in a frosty winter.
Of course, Asian pear varieties grow best in the southern regions, but they can also be grown in the middle lane. After all, how they behave depends not only on the region, but also on the microclimate of a particular site, but on the correct agricultural technology.
This year I purchased two varieties of Asian pears of Russian selection. This is Bronze and Morning freshness.
Bronze - an early autumn variety, obtained from the free pollination of Korean varieties by the famous breeders E. N. Sedov (VNIISPK) and G. V. Eremin (Crimean OSS). The fruits are flat-round, weighing 140 g, with a yellowish-brown skin and tasty juicy crispy pulp. The variety is self-fertile - a pollinator is needed. I chose Morning Calm.
Morning freshness - summer variety. The fruits are obovate, weighing 120-180 g, with a shiny bright green skin and very juicy, fragrant, tasty pulp. The variety is partially self-fertile.
All my neshes are grafted onto a regular pear tree. I read that on such a (very tall) rootstock, the Nash will be up to 4 m high, and on a dwarf stock - up to 2 m, but they also live less on it.
I want to tell you in more detail what kind of pear this is - neshi, what she loves and how to achieve good harvests.
Most varieties are partially self-fertile, which means they can bear fruit without a pollinator. However, to get high yields, you need to plant a pollinator.
In regions where winters are cold, the choice of varieties must be approached carefully and the most winter-hardy should be chosen. For example, Kosui, Hosui, Olympic, Seku and Chojuro.
Nashes practically do not get sick, but the apple flower beetle can attack and damage the flowers, depriving you of the crop.
Chinese pear fruits are low in calories, making them a desirable fruit for dieters. At the same time, they contain many vitamins and microelements, and fructose instead of sucrose (thus, people with diabetes can eat Nash).
And of course, taste and aroma! That's why I (and not only me) love Nash. The pulp is dense, very juicy, sweet and fragrant. Pears lie well just in a cool place (near the balcony or in the basement, in the refrigerator). I also really liked Nash jam - the slices remain whole, slightly crispy. And what candied fruits! Beautiful, delicious!
It is necessary to plant neshes in the middle lane in the sun - there the pears are larger and sweeter, they ripen better, and the tree itself feels better. Ideally, even where there is no wind. It is also good to plant on a hill, because it is colder in the lowlands, cold air “flows” there.
When planting, leave the distance between the trees at 3 m if the seedlings are grafted on a vigorous stock, or 1 m if on a dwarf one.
Nash - early ripening, very quickly come into fruition. This is another plus. My first fruits appeared in the first year of planting, and the next year there was already a good harvest.
I poured loose nutrient soil into the planting hole with the addition of humus, fertilizers and sand. If you have clay soils, add more sand, and if acidic, add lime. I added 6 kg of humus, 60 g of superphosphate, 30 g of potassium sulfate, 0 buckets of sand per planting hole.
It is necessary to plant seedlings in our region in the spring, so that they take root well over the summer and go into the winter healthy, with mature shoots. In the south, autumn planting is also possible.
If you manage to get cuttings of Chinese and Japanese varieties and you want to graft them yourself, then use Ussuri pear seedlings as a rootstock, or, if they are not available, you can simply graft a pear tree that is already growing on your site into the crown.
Summing up, I would say that Nash in the middle lane should be grown by those who love experiments and unusual plants. But for the southerners, neshi is a magnificent plant. It definitely won’t freeze, it will give large, sweet and ripe fruits, and I already wrote about their benefits.
See also: Unusual hybrids for the garden derived by crossing
VARIETIES OF CHINESE PEARS NASHI FOR RUSSIA
These varieties are suitable for growing in conditions of not very long summers and cold winters.
Morning freshness is a summer variety bred in Russia.
The fruits ripen in August. They are bright green with gray dots, shiny, sweet, weighing 120-150 g. Stored for a month. The variety is partially self-fertile, pollinators planted nearby will increase the yield. The tree is resistant to fungal diseases and pests. The variety is zoned for the North Caucasus region, so it can freeze slightly in the middle lane.
But withstands frosts up to 20 °.
Kosui is a Japanese summer variety. In the southern regions, the fruits ripen in July. In the middle lane - later, in August. The fruits are round, beautiful bronze-gold color with white dots, weighing 130-160 g. Very sweet and juicy. They keep very little, only a week. The tree tolerates frosts well, even in the middle lane. Resistant to diseases and pests.
Khosui is a late summer variety. The fruits ripen in mid-August - the second decade of September. They are bronze-brown, large (150-200 g), juicy, sweet and delicate in taste. Keep until December. The variety is self-pollinating, but a pollinator will not hurt. The tree withstands frosts up to 30 °, resistant to pests and diseases.
Chojuro is an autumn variety, ripening in late August. The fruits are large (200-300 g).
CHINESE PEARS NASHI - REVIEWS FROM THE EXPERIENCE OF GARDENERS
A variety was grafted onto an ordinary pear
Morning freshness. I did not have a pollinator from Chinese pears, so I think that either self-pollination or cross-pollination with ordinary pears occurred.
When the fruits ripened, I tasted them. I don't know what to compare the taste to. It reminded me a little of the taste of Talgar-ska pear, I am beautiful - with delicate pulp, while crisp, fine-grained, excellent sweet taste.
N. KISELOV Stavropol Territory
I am testing the Sekui variety in my suburbs. When the first fruiting was, the variety was slightly disappointing. The fruits, although juicy, were fresh, with a very dense skin. But the next year, the quality of the fruit improved. They turned out sweet, the taste was reminiscent of melon, with dense, juicy, crispy flesh. They also have a subtle fragrance.
There is in the Temboli collection, Sikotel. Satisfied with them. However, if put on ripening, then the fruits do not become sweeter. You have to keep them on the tree as long as possible.
Temboli is an autumn variety that ripens in October. The fruits are golden, the taste is good, but moderately sweet and without aroma, I like Sekui more. But Temboli has very juicy fruits - like a glass of juice sealed in the skin.
N. ALEKSANDROV Moscow region
Reference by topic: Plants pomitofel, nashi, apium (pluto) and romanesko
CHINESE NESH PEARS IN THE MIDDLE STRIP - VIDEO
© Author: E. PAVLOVA, gardener Tver region
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