Rare heart-shaped nut (photo) cultivation and care
GROWING A HEART-SHAPED NUT - PLANTING AND CARE
Peculiarly smelling green walnut repels flies, mosquitoes, improves the air in the garden. Phytoncides and other nuts are isolated. Moreover, some of them, and especially the Far Eastern species - Siebold's walnut, Manchurian, heart-shaped, are able to absorb even vapors of gasoline and acetylene.
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The heart-shaped fruit has a thin shell, and the horseshoe-shaped core is taken out entirely. This distinguishes it from other "relatives" of the walnut. Academician F.L. Schepotiev believes that the nutritional value of the fruits of the heart-shaped is not inferior to the walnut, but the taste is superior to it, especially the fried ones.
One of the authors grew several heart-shaped walnut trees in Kharkov. They bloomed in the 5-6th year. Weak-haired. Fifteen-year-olds have no more crowns than adult apple trees. In comparison with walnuts, heart-shaped ones are more decorative, especially when flowering (red pistils). The fruits are collected in bunches up to 12 pieces.
In favorable years, the yield of heart-shaped walnuts is 2-3 times less than that of “lateral” walnuts (with productive lateral buds). But heart-shaped ones are not inferior to walnuts and surpass them both in frost resistance and in resistance to the main disease of all types of nuts - marsonia, from which fruits and leaves turn black, especially in rainy years.
The homeland of the heart-shaped nut is the south of Sakhalin, where winters are colder, and air humidity is always higher than in Kharkov. According to F.L. Shchepotiev, the heart-shaped nut bears fruit in Voronezh and Lipetsk, and freezes in severe winters in Lipetsk.
In 1999, due to a frost on May 8, there were no walnuts in Kharkov, and the heart-shaped ones gave an excellent harvest.
In our experiments, some moments in the behavior of the heart-shaped did not coincide with the data of scientific literature. According to F.L. Shche-potiev, this nut does not tolerate transplantation well. In Orenburg and according to reviews from other regions, one-two-year-old seedlings took root better than walnut ones, gave a significant increase in the first summer. At the same time, the length of the tap root, cut off due to shipment, did not exceed 20 cm.
See also: Manchurian walnut (photo) planting and care, tips for growing in the suburbs
The most effective was the autumn sowing with freshly picked, not dried, unreleased fruits to a depth of 5-8 cm.
The deep dormancy of the seeds of the heart-shaped nut was determined by us at 20-25 days. After this period, at temperatures below 9 °, they germinate quickly - after 10-14 days. A decrease in dormancy led to a slowdown in germination - after 20-40 days.
The method of germination and storage of a heart-shaped nut is as follows.
First, 2-5 days soaked in tap water with the addition of potassium permanganate to a bright crimson color. The water was changed daily. The soaked seeds were laid sideways on the edge in a bowl with boiled wet sawdust. The dishes were closed with a tight lid, the germination temperature was 18-23°C.
We believe that the seeds germinate well when the length of the tap root is up to 5 cm, there are no lateral roots and a stem. The storage temperature of germinated seeds is 5-7°C.
The fruits of walnut, heart-shaped and other types of nuts of the Juglandaceae family contain not only proteins, like bread, but also fats. Therefore, in terms of value for a person, they are somewhere between bread and meat. No wonder IV Michurin called the walnut "the bread of the future." It seems that the scientist was not familiar with the heart-shaped nut, otherwise he would have been engaged in its cultivation, because this species, approaching the walnut in terms of yield, surpasses it in adaptability to northern conditions and in ecological value due to the already mentioned ability to absorb gasoline vapors.
See also: Reproduction of nuts: walnut, black and heart-shaped
HEART-SHAPED NUT - REPRODUCTION ON VIDEO
© Author: L.S. Shugin, R.M. Khusnutdinov, Orenburg
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